193个建设项目推进迟缓 审计署再刮风暴促2868亿投资落实

2015-10-09 09:05:56

10月8日,审计署发布了2015年8月稳增长促改革调结构惠民生防风险政策措施贯彻落实跟踪审计结果。审计的建设项目中有193个(占23.7%)实施进度明显滞后,涉及投资2868.62亿元。

  10月8日,审计署发布了2015年8月稳增长促改革调结构惠民生防风险政策措施贯彻落实跟踪审计结果。根据公告,部分重大项目建设推进缓慢以及财政沉淀资金收回等仍是主要问题。记者梳理公告后发现,审计的建设项目中有193个(占23.7%)实施进度明显滞后,涉及投资2868.62亿元。

  财经评论员李文海告诉记者,很多项目难以落地,包括前期规划不仔细导致项目难以推进,执行中的具体协调问题,比如征地拆迁、环境审批等,但在目前稳增长主要依靠稳投资发力的背景下,项目建设进度滞后的情况会影响到经济增速。

  铁总20项目完成率低于10%

  8月份,审计署对29个省、自治区、直辖市和29个中央部门、7个中央企业落实稳增长促改革调结构惠民生防风险政策措施情况进行了跟踪审计。

  审计署财政审计司主要负责人介绍,此次重点审计了保障性安居工程、精准扶贫、养老服务业等民生政策和大众创业、万众创新政策的落实情况,以及重大建设项目推进、财政存量资金盘活等情况,抽查了498个单位、815个项目,涉及项目资金7080.14亿元。

  其中在重大项目建设推进缓慢这一问题上,超两成审计的建设项目进度明显滞后,铁公基领域较为突出。

  审计显示,中国铁路总公司近3成铁路项目投资计划完成率低于50%,其中20个项目低于10%。

  如计划于2014年5月完工的大理至瑞丽铁路大理至保山段,由于建设资金未及时拨付到施工单位,施工进展缓慢,完工时间推迟到2019年底;计划建设年限为2011年至2017年的成都至兰州铁路因前期论证不充分、批复试验段方案较慢等,截至2015年7月底,累计完成投资仅占概算总投资的17%。

  按照国家发改委和交通运输部要求,相关省“断头路”项目应力争于2013年底前完成审批程序开工建设,“十二五”期末基本建成。

  但此次审计发现,截至2015年7月底,吉林省吉林至荒岗段、集安至通化段、东丰至双辽,内蒙古自治区大坂至经棚段、扎兰屯至那吉屯段,山东省泰安至东阿段、甘肃省渭源至武都段7个项目因审批手续办理周期长、地方政府推动不力等尚未开工。

  吉林至荒岗高速公路项目是国家高速公路网“第二横”(珲春―乌兰浩特)联络线的重要组成部分,截至2015年7月末,因吉林市政府未及时与项目法人单位签订征拆承包合同,项目用地尚未启动征地拆迁工作。

  与此同时,审计署还披露,该项目2014年末已到位的8.83亿元资金仅支出4832.5万元,8.35亿元资金闲置。

  将严盯项目资金结存结转

  除重大项目建设进度缓慢外,财政沉淀资金仍是一个弊病。

  此次审计结果显示,截至2014年底,37个省和计划单列市收到的车辆购置税补助公路、水路建设项目资金累计结转结余达640亿元,其中2012年及以前年度、2013年和2014年结转结余分别为59亿元、117亿元和464亿元,结转结余的资金主要是国省道和农村公路建设补助资金。

  李文海分析说,这其实一个问题的两面,投资建设项目没有落地,已经拨付的财政资金就必然会产生沉淀,经济下行压力之下对于积极财政政策的需求不断增强,而经济增长传统动力趋弱又导致各级财政收入增速放缓,沉淀资金问题便显得格外突出。

  前述审计署相关负责人表示,下一步将进一步加大对跟踪审计发现问题整改情况的检查力度,督促有关部门和地方及时整改,更好发挥促进稳增长等政策措施落实的作用。

  在今年6月10日的国务院常务会议上,李克强总理就说过:推进财政资金统筹使用的“硬措施”会上通过了,国务院各部门要带好头、做好表率,“决不允许财政资金长年趴在账上呼呼大睡!”

  中国国际经济交流中心经济研究部部长徐洪才告诉记者,实际上许多投资项目无法落实,是由于地方政府官员怕承担责任、不敢花钱,因此原先预算计划要花出去的钱没有花掉,就成了未发挥效益的“沉睡资金”,用好增量,首先是要盘活存量。

  他说,一些地方存在的“懒政现象”给当前中国经济稳增长带来沉重压力,国务院的做法相当于“拿鞭子抽一抽”,可以撬动杠杆,让重大投资、政策和改革充分发挥应有的作用。

  审计署相关负责人就称,下一步将重点关注项目资金特别是民生项目资金结存结转情况,分析形成结存的原因和难以统筹盘活的制度障碍,重点抽查城乡社区事务、扶贫、农林水、保障性安居工程、养老设施建设、社会保障和就业等重点民生领域的项目资金结存和使用情况。

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Correlation

This article is selected from Song Zhiping's book "Reform Heart Road", which describes his motivation and effect of restructuring cement in those years, and has been published by China Cement Network. Recently, there has been a call for restructuring and mergers and acquisitions in the cement industry. Reviewing this old article may have the effect of reviewing the old and learning the new, encouraging the industry to promote a new round of restructuring, and solving the persistent problems of the industry.

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