Solid-state batteries are the strategic commanding point of competition in many countries around the world, and are regarded as the next generation of power batteries. In recent years, many head battery and automobile companies in the United States, Japan and South Korea have also increased capacity construction, increased R & D investment, invested in start-ups, and "bet" on solid-state batteries.
In addition to domestic enterprises, in recent years, the United States, Japan, South Korea and other head battery and automotive companies have also increased capacity building, increased R & D investment, investment in start-ups, "betting" on solid-state batteries. What is the progress of
these overseas enterprises?
On November 7, according to the announcement of Solid Power, an all-solid-state battery company in the United States, the company has produced the first batch of solid-state battery A samples and delivered them to BMW, formally entering the automotive qualification certification. At the same time, these batteries will also be used in the follow-up BMW demonstration project. In addition, earlier this year, BMW has obtained R & D license from Solid Power, and will build a prototype production line of solid-state batteries at its battery manufacturing capacity center near Munich, Germany, and plans to launch the first prototype vehicle based on Solid Power battery technology by 2025. Founded in 2011,
Solid Power was first incubated by the University of Colorado, mainly engaged in sulfide-based solid-state batteries and electrolytes, with partners including BMW, Ford, SK Innovation and so on. In terms of mass production progress, the Company will complete the installation of its sulfide-based all-solid-state battery trial production line in 2022, with an annual production capacity of 15,000 batteries. It is expected that the first batch of battery monomers will be delivered for testing by the end of this year, and mass production will start in 2026. In terms of
technology, according to official website information, Solid Power currently uses traditional lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide (NMC) cathode, high-rate silicon-based anode and sulfide solid electrolyte assembly. The company plans that the energy density of battery monomer will reach 390 Wh/kg, and on this basis, the maximum energy density is expected to reach 560 Wh/kg by replacing positive and negative materials. At the same time, mass production can be applied to traditional lithium-ion battery production lines.
Factorial Energy, founded in 2020 and headquartered in Woburn, Massachusetts, is one of many start-ups in the United States trying to commercialize solid-state battery technology. Just last year, the company raised $200 million in Series D funding, led by Mercedes-Benz and Stellantis. In terms of technology route, the company can integrate semi-solid electrolyte materials into existing lithium-ion battery manufacturing equipment through factorial electrolyte system technology (FEST), and significantly reduce production costs.
(3)
On October 25, Quantum Scape, a start-up all-solid-state battery company in the United States, updated its solid-state battery test data, in which the battery tested by the whole vehicle customer is A0 sample. The positive area capacity is 3. The capacity retention is 95% after 1000 cycles at 100% DoD under the test conditions of C/3 charge and C/2 discharge. Founded by Stanford University scientists Jagdeep Singh, Fritz Prinz and Tim Holme,
Quantum Scape has more than 200 patented solid-state battery technologies. The company's investors include Bill Gates, Volkswagen Group, German Horse Brand Group and SAIC Group. In terms of technical route, Quantum Scape adopts the oxide solid electrolyte route.
South Korea
(4) LG New Energy
In September 2023, LG New Energy said it would build a semi-solid battery production line in Wucang Energy Park, aiming to commercialize in 2026, with an energy density of about 650Wh/L. In terms of
research and development, according to LG New Energy at the World Power Battery Conference in 2023, after semi-solid maturity, higher capacity negative electrodes, such as silicon or lithium metal, will be used to improve energy density. In 2028, 750 Wh/L polymer solid-state batteries and sulfide all-solid-state batteries will be launched, and more than 900 Wh/L sulfide all-solid-state batteries will be launched in 2030. At present, LG New Energy is cooperating with Korea Academy of Science and Technology (KAIST) and Seoul University in all-solid-state battery production, teaching and research.
(5) Samsung SDI
Following the completion of the all-solid-state trial production line in March 2023, Samsung SDI produced sulfide all-solid-state battery samples in June, and the solid-state battery pilot production line (S-line) located at Suwon R & D Center in southern Seoul has been completed. The validation of all-solid-state battery materials is under way. In terms of
mass production schedule, it is expected that the company will develop large-scale battery production technology in 2025; finally, it plans to mass-produce all-solid-state batteries in Ulsan in 2027. Previously, in August 2023, Samsung SDI announced that it would expand its Ulsan factory, build production lines such as LFP batteries and all-solid-state batteries, and double the area of the factory.
From a technical point of view, Samsung SDI's all-solid-state battery combines NCA high-nickel technology, high-performance sulfide-type solid-state electrolyte and stacking technology, and plans to reduce the thickness of the negative electrode and add more sulfide cathode materials to improve the capacity and energy density of the battery through nano-silver particle carbon composite materials. And can prevent that negative electrode from generate Lithium Dendrite, thereby improving the service life of the battery and reduce the fire risk.
(6) SK
on Currently, SK on is developing two all-solid-state batteries: polymer oxide composite solid-state batteries and sulfide solid-state batteries. The company plans to complete the early prototypes of these two batteries in 2026 and commercialize them in 2028. At present, the battery research center in Daejeon City, South Chungcheong Province, is expected to be completed in 2024. In terms of
technology, the company has developed a new oxide solid electrolyte with the team of Tanguk University, which has the highest lithium ion conductivity in the world. Compared with the existing achievements, the lithium ion conductivity has been improved by 70%, reaching 1. Because of its excellent chemical stability, it will not react with the cathode material, which can inhibit the formation of lithium dendrite. Therefore, lithium metal can be used in the negative electrode instead of graphite, and the capacity of the battery will be greatly increased.
Japan
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In October 2023, Toyota announced that it would cooperate with Idemitsu Kosan, a Japanese petrochemical giant, to develop all-solid-state batteries, which will be followed by Idemitsu Kosan in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Set up small solid state electrolytic quality production equipment and carry out trial production. It is reported that Toyota and Idemitsu Kosan have been conducting joint research since 2013, and the total number of patents for sulfide solid electrolytes between the two companies has reached 195, ranking first in the world.
Toyota has the largest number of all-solid-state battery patents in the world. In July 2023, Toyota announced that all-solid-state batteries without liquid electrolyte will be mass-produced in 2027. At the same time, Toyota officially announced that it had discovered a new technology to overcome the problem of short cycle life of all-solid-state batteries caused by changes in electrolyte volume, and that its all-solid-state batteries could travel about 1200 kilometers in less than 10 minutes. At the same time, Toyota plans to increase the global sales of pure electric vehicles to 1.5 million by 2026 and 3.5 million by 2030 through breakthroughs in solid-state batteries, so as to restore the competitiveness of the pure electric market.
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