[原创]领跑到垫底再到巅峰,福建水泥价格为何“冰火两重天”?

2019-12-08 17:23:59

在供给、需求都未出现较大改变,区域内环保、错峰等因素影响较小的背景下,福建省下半年以来水泥价格累计上调幅度近200元/吨似有“名不符实”之嫌。

  据中国水泥网报道,为提升盈利,福建地区主要厂家计划12月4日-5日再次通知上调各品种水泥价格30元/吨,目前龙岩、三明已有部分厂家发布调整通知。若此番落实到位,福州地区大厂P.O42.5散装主流出厂/出库价格达到550-570元/吨。整体来看,下半年以来福建地区水泥价格累计上调幅度近200元/吨。

  有意思的是,早在今年7月份中国水泥网记者就深入福建当地调研区域行情,在《从领跑华东到七大省会城市垫底 福州水泥价格怎么了?》一文中写到,2019年一季度后,已持续两年强劲上涨势头的华东水泥价格并没有如期启动。区域内除福建外的六省市水泥价格连续多月保持小幅波动,趋稳的态势越来越明显。而福建水泥价格则未能与其余省份保持同步,特别是省会福州,不仅从领跑华东各省会的C位滑落,更跌落至末位。

  华东七省会城市(含上海)2019年和2018年P.O42.5散装水泥价格对比图(单位:元/吨)

  从领跑到垫底,然后短短数月时间价格又迎来高速增长,重回市场巅峰。福建地区水泥行业这半年究竟发生了什么?影响水泥价格的供给、需求两大主要因素是否产生了巨变?

  供给:动态平衡

  据中国水泥网数据显示,2018年福建熟料产量5191.74万吨,熟料产能5285.5万吨,产能利用率达98.2%,区域内前六强水泥熟料产能占比为63.94%。

  随着2017年底产能置换新规的出台,异地产能置换得以认可,福建新建水泥生产线的速度也在加快。譬如今年4月23日,永安金牛水泥年产200万吨熟料生产线项目完成调试并投入生产。另外,福建即将投产的在建新线还包括福建安砂建福水泥有限公司(二期)一条4500t/d生产线、永安金牛水泥有限公司(二线)一条4500t/d生产线、福建水泥股份有限公司顺昌炼石水泥一条4500t/d生产线、福建春驰集团新丰水泥有限公司一条5500t/d生产线。上述所有水泥熟料生产线总产能达789万吨

  需要注意的是,福建地处中国东南部,东北与浙江省毗邻,西北横贯武夷山脉与江西省交界,西南与广东省邻接,并连接长江三角洲和珠江三角洲,水陆空交通都极为便利。有当地业内人士指出,随着沿海中转库的建设,省外向福建销售水泥总量每年保持在1500万吨上下,顶峰时期达到2000万吨左右。

  此外,中国水泥网报道,今年6月福建省水泥企业自律委员会开会讨论了2019年夏季错峰生产安排,计划从7月至8月期间执行夏季错峰,每条熟料生产线至少停窑15天。在当前部分省市错峰停产少则数月,多则半年的背景下,即使福建该项夏季错峰停产计划已经全部落实完毕,对生产端的影响并不会太大。

  综上所述,伴随着新建产能的释放,以及周边省份外来水泥的大量流入,加之错峰停产、环保限产因素影响较小,福建区域水泥企业的生产供给总体处在一个动态平衡的阶段,供需矛盾与河南等地相比并不严重。

  需求:稳中趋缓

  据福建省统计局资料显示,上半年,福建省固定资产投资同比增长7.0%。房地产开发投资同比增长17.5%,增幅比上年同期提高15.9个百分点。房地产开发企业土地购置面积303.6万平方米,同比下降40.3%。而1-10月,福建省固定资产投资比上年同期增长6.5%,基础设施投资同比下降7.4%,房地产开发投资同比增长16.1%。

  上述数据表明,下半年以来福建固定资产投资、房地产投资增速有所放缓,以此拉动水泥需求的动力下行。

  另外,2013年11月开建的福平铁路,2017年9月开工的福厦高铁,福建段于2015年9月开工的衢宁铁路,全线于2018年3月开工的浦梅铁路,福建段于2017年3月开工的兴泉铁路等重大铁路项目均已推进至中后期阶段,对水泥需求的拉动作用较为平稳。尽管福建近期、中长期铁路规划项目数量不少,但正式开工暂无时间表。

  综上,下半年以来,虽然省内部分区域处于大发展,大建设的阶段,水泥需求良好,但福建全省水泥需求总体呈现稳中趋缓的局面。

  众所周知,价格是由供给与需求之间的互相影响、平衡产生的。水泥价格的飞快上涨无外乎供给短时间内受限、需求爆炸式增长两方面因素。譬如河南地区10 月中下旬以来,受重污染天气管控,各地市要求水泥窑和水泥磨全部禁止运行,致使水泥库存严重不足;加之10月是传统销售旺季,水泥需求集中爆发,多方因素共同作用导致河南地区在不到一个月时间里涨价函频发,水泥价格疯涨。

  但在供给、需求都未出现较大改变,区域内环保、错峰等因素影响较小的背景下,福建省下半年以来水泥价格累计上调幅度近200元/吨似有“名不符实”之嫌。

  当然,随着超低排放的推进,花园工厂、绿色矿山逐步成为标配,还有企业员工福利的提升,机械设备的检修等因素导致水泥企业的生产成本不断攀升,水泥企业也会通过适当的涨价来转移成本。但这样的价格上涨并非是全域性、快速性的。

  所以,福建省下半年水泥价格为啥能涨200元/吨呢?

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Correlation

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近日,湖北、云南、江西等地相继发布水泥行业2023年错峰生产计划,部分地区停产时间较往年有了明显的增加。

2023-02-08 09:27:30

Recently, due to the persistent cost pressure in the south, the price of concrete has risen slightly with the raw materials, but the growth of market demand is limited, and the overall quotation is still stable. From October 31 to November 6, the national concrete price index closed at 112.47 points, up 0.31% annually and down 10.11% year-on-year.