Cement Net Report: Indian Cement Enterprises' Profit in April-June Greatly Increased over the Same Period Last Year

India's cement industry is expected to increase its net profit by 30% -80% year-on-year in April-June 2025. High cement prices and increased sales in the south and east supported the industry, although monsoon rains affected sales. Relevant companies will have strong performance, the average price of cement will reach a new high, the price will rise to offset the cost pressure, the shipment volume will be stable, and some enterprises may reach the peak profit margin in the short term. In the medium and long term, due to favorable demand, government expenditure, housing demand, enterprise integration and other factors, the industry has a strong ability to withstand challenges and is expected to perform strongly throughout the year.

2025-07-17 10:53:13

Cement prices in Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo, fell as a strike by tractor-trailer drivers ended, showing improvements in domestic transport and supply chains. At the same time, there is a conflict situation in the eastern part of the country, but the peace agreement under international mediation has brought hope and challenges to its economic and social development. This shows that the Congo is changing in different ways, that improved transport has a positive impact on prices, and that the peace agreement will affect its overall development direction.

2025-07-17 10:32:47

The Zimbabwean government is optimistic about achieving self-sufficiency in cement by early 2026. The Minister of Industry and Trade inspected the Chegutu Cement Plant under construction, which is owned by China Shuntai Investment Company, with an investment of US $70 million, an estimated annual output of 800,000 tons and 300 local employees. Separately, Wizz International, a subsidiary of China's Yaobo International, is building a $1 billion cement plant in Hulungwe, which was completed this month and employs 60 local employees. The cement plants will solve Zimbabwe's cement shortage and reduce import demand.

2025-07-16 10:27:16

Portland Cement (Malawi) Limited, a subsidiary of Huaxin Cement, is nearing completion of its cement manufacturing complex in Baraka District. The project invested 200 billion kwacha, and the annual production capacity increased from 300000 to 800000 tons after putting into operation. It is expected that this year's operation will directly create 500 jobs and indirectly create 3000 jobs, reduce imports, increase foreign exchange earnings and promote technological progress. The project will be unveiled by the President on July 25, 2024. The project is in line with the Malawi ATMM strategy and the company has been complying with local requirements and regulations.

2025-07-15 09:55:34

In the first half of 2025, Brazilian cement sales reached 32 million tons, an increase of 3.5% over the same period last year, and the "My Home, My Life" housing program and the active employment market boosted demand. However, the monthly sales in June fell by 1.7% compared with the same period last year, with a slight increase in shipments on working days. In the second half of the year, the industry is facing multiple obstacles such as shortage of skilled workers, high interest rates, changes in the use of funds and rising costs of building materials. Consumer and industrial confidence indices are declining. Global economic turmoil and rising prices of raw materials are also pushing up costs. SNIC expects growth to slow down and calls for relevant policies.

2025-07-15 09:27:10

From January to June 2025, Swiss cement shipments increased slightly by 2% to 1.786 million tons. The proportion of CEM II cement increased, the bulk cement dominated and the shipment volume increased slightly, and the bagged cement volume increased. Ready-mixed concrete enterprises absorb nearly 70% of the supply. Transportation is mainly by highway, and the share of railway transportation is declining. Despite external uncertainties, the Swiss construction industry is expected to remain robust, with the country's cement association rating the outlook for cement demand in the second half as "positive".

2025-07-14 11:18:55

Vietnam Cement Industry Corporation (Vicem) achieved a consolidated after-tax profit of more than VND 34 billion in the first half of 2025. Its domestic market share increased slightly, clinker production increased, cement export volume was considerable, and the parent company's pre-tax profit increased. Domestic cement demand is expected to pick up in the second half of the year, but it is facing challenges such as regional construction restraint and oversupply. The company puts forward the strategy of "guaranteeing profit and guaranteeing target". Vicem, which belongs to the Ministry of Construction, has a history of 45 years and is the only loss-making enterprise among the six state-owned enterprises of the Ministry in 2024.

2025-07-14 10:33:44

In the first half of 2025, Russia's cement consumption continued to decline, and the national demand shrank compared with the same period in 2024, with a significant decline in a single quarter. The sharp drop in demand is due to the dual pressures of macro and real estate, the high interest rate of the central bank and the end of the preferential mortgage program have trapped developers and home buyers. Developers "reduce the price" led to a decline in cement purchases, while the influx of imported cement accelerated. There was an optimistic forecast in April, but now the macro data has deviated, consumption may hit a new low in 2025, and the trend in 2026 depends on the policy shift.

2025-07-11 17:06:46

The clinker-free low-carbon cementitious material H-UKR developed by Hoffmann Green has made significant progress, passing the GU grade certification of ASTM C1157 in the United States and being approved by the Saudi regulatory authorities. According to the "performance-only theory" of the standard, H-UKR has excellent performance in the test and meets the requirements, becoming one of the first batch of zero-clinker cement. With certification that can be used in many scenarios in North America and Saudi Arabia, its anti-erosion and durability advantages make specific environmental engineering very attractive, and the company will build local grinding stations to promote large-scale substitution.

2025-07-11 16:43:52

The cement industry in Sri Lanka is emerging from a prolonged slump, according to Tokyo Cement Group. Its domestic cement demand in 2024 was 4.71 million tons, up about 19% from 3.96 million tons in 2023. The company said the growth was due to "pent-up market demand" and "a low base in the same period last year". This shows that the cement industry in Sri Lanka has a positive development trend, the growth of demand provides opportunities for further development of the industry, and also reflects the gradual recovery of market vitality.

2025-07-10 10:02:53

Dugongo Cement Mozambique will invest US $35 million to build a third cement factory in the Ancuabe region of Cabo Delgado province. The project team has completed two rounds of land use community consultation in the formulation of the construction plan, followed by community communication related to environmental permits. The construction period is 17 months, and the construction and operation phases provide 900 and 135 jobs respectively. The company, a joint venture between Mozambican local company SPI and Western China Cement, has been involved in disputes and penalties over the sale of cement at low prices.

2025-07-10 09:43:48

* * Summary * *: According to the semi-annual report of the Ministry of Construction of Vietnam, Vietnam's building materials market recovered positively in the first half of 2025, and the output and sales of core products such as cement, ceramic tiles and sanitary ceramics increased year-on-year. However, the building materials market is also facing challenges, and the prices of some raw materials have been at a high level, which has put pressure on construction costs. This coexistence of recovery and pressure reflects the current overall situation of Vietnam's building materials market.

2025-07-10 09:26:03

The China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan International Railway has entered the actual construction stage. After the speeches of the presidents of the three countries on December 27, 2024, the railway crossed 304 kilometers of Kyrgyzstan, with a value of $4.7 billion, including 29 tunnels and 41 viaducts, and is expected to be completed by 2030. Kyrgyz cement will be used in the construction, and the Kyrgyz side is clear about its obligations under the investment agreement. The operation of the railway will enhance trade and logistics links between Central Asia and East Asia and provide a new transit corridor for China.

2025-07-08 10:36:35

The Libyan cement industry is at a critical juncture. Demand is growing due to reconstruction, housing and infrastructure projects, but the country's dependence on imports and inefficient local factories are both challenges and opportunities. Although its raw material reserves are abundant enough to support 50 years of production, the output is far below the potential level. This means that Libya needs to solve the problem of local factories, reduce import dependence and increase production to meet growing demand and seize development opportunities.

2025-07-08 09:35:40

Heidelberg subsidiary CEMENCO plans to raise cement prices by 0.25% from July 7, 2025, according to leaked internal instructions. But a senior official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said the price hike had not been officially approved by the Liberian Ministry of Commerce and Industry. This shows that the company's price increase plan is facing legitimacy problems, and whether the subsequent price increase can be achieved depends on whether official permission can be obtained, which also reflects the interaction between enterprise pricing and official regulation.

2025-07-03 11:28:34

According to the Ministry of Commerce, Supply and Consumer Protection of Nepal, cement and steel manufacturers in the country have cut prices due to declining demand and improved production conditions. Among them, cement was reduced by 50-100 Nepalese rupees per bag and steel bars by 5 Nepalese rupees per kilogram. This price adjustment reflects the impact of market supply and demand and production conditions on product prices, or has a positive impact on the cost of related industries such as construction in Nepal, and may also change consumers'purchasing decisions.

2025-07-03 10:51:28

Holcim of Switzerland has invested in SaltX Technology of Sweden to build the world's first all-electric cement plant in order to expand its near-zero-emission cement production capacity. SaltX focuses on the electrification of industrial processes, and its plasma technology is powered by renewable energy to address carbon emissions. Holcim works with SaltX to decarbonize cement manufacturing to meet customer needs. This is the decisive measure for Holcim to build an all-electric cement plant. Holcim has made 17 investments through MAQER Ventures. SaltX said the cooperation between the two sides will promote the industrialization of technology.

2025-07-02 09:41:34

In May 2025, India's cement production increased by 9% year-on-year to 39.6 million tons. In April-May, the cement price rose by 7% year-on-year to 360 rupees per bag and was stable. Sales in these two months increased by 8% year-on-year to 78.7 million tons, and sales in fiscal year 2025 increased by 6.3% year-on-year to 453 million tons. It is estimated that the sales volume in fiscal year 2026 will increase by 6% -7% year-on-year to 480-485 million tons. The operating profit of some enterprises will increase to 16.3% -17.0% in fiscal year 2026, and the capacity of large cement plants in India will reach 690 million tons.

2025-07-01 10:21:49

The Gambia is facing a severe cement shortage crisis, which has affected construction projects across the country. Daily demand for 100,000-110,000 bags of cement in the peak season and 45,000-50,000 bags in the off-season, while the supply capacity of the three local suppliers, Jah Petroleum Company, Salam Company and Ghasem Company, is insufficient. Affected by this, the price of cement fluctuates and rises to 500 Dalasi per bag in many places.

2025-07-01 10:03:19

Thailand's two major cement producers have different measures to deal with the challenge of carbon reduction. SCG has a three-stage net-zero roadmap to enter the power sector, making efforts in fuel substitution, product upgrading, risk management and other aspects, aiming to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. Although SCCC has not set a formal net zero target, it is determined to achieve three climate-related targets by 2030, and to make key progress in reducing net emissions, clinker coefficient and improving thermal substitution rate by 2024, with outstanding carbon reduction performance by reducing clinker ratio and fuel conversion.

2025-07-01 09:56:55

On June 26, 2025, the Cabinet of Ministers of the Government of Armenia decided to extend the import restrictions on cement and clinker from third countries for another six months. This measure will take effect from July 21, 2025 to January 21, 2026. This decision aims to control the import of cement and clinker in Armenia, which may be related to the development of related industries in Armenia, the relationship between supply and demand in the market, trade balance and other factors.

2025-06-30 10:59:55

In 2023, Irish building materials manufacturer CRH announced the acquisition of part of Italy's Buzzi Unicem business in Eastern Europe, involving cement plants, cement terminals and ready-mixed concrete production enterprises in Ukraine. After nearly a year of review, the Ukrainian Antimonopoly Commission approved in September 2024 a request for CRH to transfer part of its subsidiary's shares to independent investors. The acquisition, totaling 100 million euros, was the second largest investment in Ukraine during the conflict between Russia and Ukraine.

2025-06-30 10:44:20

In June 2025, Togo's building materials market was in a regulatory situation. In the field of cement, CIMTOGO cement is 81000 CFA francs per ton, the price of competing brands is similar, and the government strictly regulates to prevent speculation and ensure price stability. Brands compete in an orderly manner, and the government cooperates with manufacturers to combat speculation. In terms of steel, 8-12 mm rebar is about 450000 francs per ton, and 14 mm and above is about 550000 francs per ton. The price difference reflects many factors and is in line with market rules.

2025-06-27 10:16:36

Since June 20, 2025, the Maradi region of Niger has launched a cement price reduction campaign, which has been reduced to 55,000 CFA francs per ton, a 35% reduction. The government is preparing 2025 tons of cement to ensure supply, which is part of the social policy and will be extended to other regions in the future. The beneficiaries of this price reduction include families and construction enterprises, especially the affected families. Local governments emphasize transparency of action, require supervision to prevent misappropriation and ensure fair distribution, and the government has taken similar measures in many fields before.

2025-06-27 09:43:06

In recent weeks, there has been a shortage of cement in the Guinean market, and the price of a small amount of available cement has risen. The cement shops in Enzekore are almost empty, and construction workers are suffering. The current situation of shortage makes the construction industry face many difficulties, and practitioners may delay the construction period and increase costs due to insufficient cement, which may also have a series of chain effects on the progress of construction projects and the development of the construction market in Guinea.

2025-06-26 10:18:48

* * Summary * *: In Madagascar, the complete localization of cement production is a challenge for the cement industry. The country is rich in natural resources but is dependent on strategic resources, particularly fuel. This dependence has a huge impact on the cement industry, seriously restricts the promotion of production autonomy, and becomes a major obstacle to the realization of fully localized cement production, reflecting the country's shortcomings in resource structure, affecting the development of specific industries.

2025-06-26 09:58:48

Mexico's cement industry is in the midst of an unprecedented transformation. Although cement is important to the country's economy and housing construction, the market has changed dramatically. The industry, dominated by a small number of enterprises, is currently facing problems such as limited growth, intensified competition, environmental and social pressures, which force enterprises to change their business models to adapt to the new market environment, so as to seek new breakthroughs and opportunities for development in the face of challenges in the development of the industry.

2025-06-25 09:48:40

The Minister of Industry and Entrepreneurship Development of Sri Lanka inaugurated Tokyo Cement Group's Trincomalee cement manufacturing plant, a fully automated high-tech grinding facility that has increased its capacity by 1 million tons to 4 million tons per year, making it the country's largest producer. Tokyo Cement is the largest manufacturer of high-quality related products in Sri Lanka and is an important part of the country's development. Sri Lanka's cement market is dominated by Tokyo Cement and INSEE Sanstha Cement, with cement consumption of 4.45 million tons in 2024, recovering year-on-year but lower than in 2022.

2025-06-24 11:15:02

Holcim, a Swiss building materials company, spun off its North American business to form Amrize, which is expected to have a market value of more than $30 billion. Amrize is an important supplier of building materials in North America. The growth of the construction industry in the United States has slowed down, but Amrize has more domestic purchases, which may benefit from the rising price of imported cement. Infrastructure construction has increased, and the construction market is expected to recover. Data center construction and maintenance and renovation are business highlights. Amrize is evaluating deals to list on the New York and Swiss exchanges, and the reindustrialization of the United States is a major trend.

2025-06-24 10:00:40

Trinidad and Tobago will end the four-year cement market monopoly of Trinidad Cement Company Limited (TCL). A company that had previously left because of the government's oppressive regulatory policies is now ready to resume operations. Rock Hard Distribution was challenged by the government. Although it won the case in the Caribbean Court of Justice, the government continued to raise tariffs and set import restrictions to protect TCL's profits. TCL raised prices several times during the monopoly period. The Minister of Trade was dissatisfied with the price increases, but ignored the government's creation of monopoly pricing conditions.

2025-06-23 15:59:36

Since the beginning of June, the price of 50 kilograms of bagged cement in Maniema, Kasai and Kasai Oriental provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has risen sharply. The main causes of this phenomenon are logistics bottlenecks and supply interruptions. The supply of cement in these three provinces has been seriously affected, and the sharp rise in prices may have an impact on local construction and other related industries, and may also affect the cost of housing construction and infrastructure construction for residents.

2025-06-23 11:47:35

On June 16, 2025, the new production line of Kant Cement Plant in Kyrgyzstan was launched. The project started construction in the spring of 2024, with a total value of about 439 million yuan. The European Bank provided about 50 million dollars, and Sinoma was responsible for the supply and installation of equipment. The new production line has a daily production capacity of 2500 tons, environmental protection and energy saving, and has been completed ahead of schedule without exceeding the budget. This will improve efficiency, reduce costs and pollution, enhance market competitiveness and promote regional cooperation. The factory was founded in 1964, with 800 employees, and its products are used in many infrastructure projects.

2025-06-23 10:25:44

The second Special Economic Zone Summit of Papua New Guinea will be held from August 31 to September 3, 2025. Mayur Industrial s PNG Limited, a subsidiary of an ASX-listed company, will be a gold sponsor. The company has made progress in the central cement and lime project, and has reached a consensus with SEZA to solve the problem. The project will create more than 1000 jobs and reduce the dependence on cement imports. Maru called on local investors to cooperate and praised Mayur Industrials for localizing its business. The summit will promote the transformation of PNG's economy.

2025-06-20 13:19:42

Cement prices in Kenya have stabilized over the past six months, with about 750 shillings for 50 kg of bagged cement in Nairobi. Prices soared in April 2022 due to rising costs such as coal. Prices of major brands vary. In 2024, the import volume and value of clinker decreased significantly, the production and consumption of cement also decreased, and the growth of the construction industry contracted. Cement production in the first quarter of 2025 increased year on year. Despite price stability, the industry is still facing challenges such as raw material costs, demand changes and a slowdown in the construction industry.

2025-06-19 11:56:02

Higher retaliatory tariffs imposed by the United States on Vietnamese cement exports have raised concerns among Philippine cement manufacturers that more Vietnamese cement will flow into the Philippines, adding to the pressure on the local industry. The Philippine Tariff Commission held a hearing to discuss the safeguard tariff. The United States has announced a 46% tariff on Vietnam, which is now suspended but still worrying. Vietnam's cement production capacity is expanding, but the demand in the main export market is low. The low capacity utilization rate of the Philippines is due to a large number of imports. It has become the third largest cement importer. It calls for the use of its own production capacity to improve the domestic situation.

2025-06-19 11:41:35

Last month, Armenia's parliament passed a government-backed bill to quadruple the import duty on cement, leaving the import duty on clinker at zero. The move has raised suspicions that a company with close ties to ruling party allies could gain a commercial advantage. The incident involves the possible interest relationship behind the tariff adjustment, which arouses public concern about whether enterprises will use the special relationship for unjust enrichment.

2025-06-19 11:28:39

On June 12, the new CIMFIG production line, a subsidiary of Cimencam, a LafargeHolcim company, went into production. The production line is located in Figuil Cement Plant in the north of Cameroon, with an annual cement production capacity of 500,000 tons and a daily clinker production capacity of 1,000 tons, with an investment of US $88 million. The new line will supply many places in Cameroon and is planned to enter the Chadian market. Cimencam is a leader in Cameroon's cement industry, and this expansion strengthens its position, creates jobs, promotes the regional economy, and is in line with policy, as part of LafargeHolcim's presence in Africa.

2025-06-17 10:59:48

The demand for cement in Israel is about 8 million tons, and the domestic production and import are half and half. The Nesher plant is the only cement plant in Israel. It was founded in 1922 and is owned by Mashav and Clal Industries, part of the Access Industries Group. Before 2020, it had an absolute monopoly in the domestic market, and then its capacity utilization rate declined due to the influx of imported cement (mainly from Turkey, Jordan and Egypt), and the domestic cement price increased by 40% in 2020-2023.

2025-06-16 14:15:08

Cement is the basic material of the construction industry, and its trade is an important indicator of regional economic construction and industrial development. As an important economic region, the cement trade data of EU is of great significance, which can reflect the dynamic changes of internal market demand, production capacity and international trade relations. By studying the EU cement trade data, we can deeply understand the EU's economic situation, industrial development trend and trade in the international market in the field of construction.

2025-06-16 13:38:30

On June 10, 2025, the Korea Cement Association released the "2050 Strategic Plan for Achieving Carbon Neutrality in Korea's Cement Industry" at the Cemtech Asia 2025 Conference. It plans to gradually reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and 2050 and eventually achieve carbon neutrality. The Cemtech Asia conference attracted experts from many countries to discuss the low-carbon transformation of the cement industry. Korea Cement Association put forward three pillar strategies to reduce emissions, including promoting ESG management, and also elaborated the specific direction of technology research and development to achieve the goal.

2025-06-13 10:46:47

Ohorongo Cement, one of the largest producers in the Namibian cement market, is considering selling its business to Whale Rock Cement due to overcapacity and reduced exports. Namibia's annual cement demand is about 600,000 tons, and the local factory's production capacity is 2.6 million tons. The imbalance between supply and demand makes it difficult for the company to make profits. Ohorongo Cement is valued at about $110 million, and its shareholders include German companies. Chinese companies are buying stakes. The sale plan may trigger industry consolidation, and Chinese companies may bring new technology and management experience.

2025-06-12 10:42:10

The cement market in South Africa is highly competitive, with imported cement and international giants hitting the local market. Although local PPC companies are improving their competitiveness, such as building a new plant worth 3 billion rand, the high cost of cement production in South Africa affects local manufacturers. The government should play a role in public safety and fair competition to solve the problems related to cement in the grinding station. Overseas giants have entered the South African market, Chinese enterprises have entered through the acquisition of assets, PPC has responded positively, and plans to build new factories to replace old factories to enhance competitiveness.

2025-06-12 09:55:56

In 2024, the cement output of Tanzania will reach 10,929,567,600 tons, the domestic demand will be about 8.5 million tons, the surplus will be 2,429,567,600 tons, and about 22.2% of the surplus will be exported to neighboring countries. Companies such as Dangote are major players in exports, earning foreign exchange for the country and increasing its influence. The cement industry also creates 12500 jobs (including direct and indirect jobs), covering many links, providing income sources for residents, and promoting social and economic prosperity and national economic growth.

2025-06-11 11:03:01

By the end of May 2025, Morocco's cement delivery exceeded 6 million tons, an increase of 9.48% over the same period in 2024. From the breakdown of use, distribution delivery volume ranks first, and ready-mixed concrete and precast concrete have their own delivery volume data. In May alone, the delivery volume reached 1.52 million tons, an increase of 6.99% over May 2024. These data come from the monthly reports issued by the relevant departments of the Moroccan state, and the statistics come from the internal data of the members of the Moroccan Cement Manufacturers Association, which includes a number of member enterprises.

2025-06-11 10:30:21

Thailand's total cement production capacity has reached 66 million tons, which reflects the further development of its domestic cement industry. The increase of production capacity will help to meet the needs of Thailand's domestic infrastructure construction, which is of great significance to promote the relevant construction of the country. Moreover, the increase of cement production capacity in Thailand may also affect the surrounding countries, which will have a certain impact on the cement export pattern of the surrounding countries.

2025-06-10 11:17:15

A new cement plant has been put into operation in Aura District, Kampong Speu Province, Cambodia, with a joint investment of 250 million US dollars by Conch Cement and Cambodian investors. This is the sixth cement plant in Cambodia, bringing the total production capacity to about 11 million tons per year. At present, six cement plants have been operated, and four are in different situations. With the establishment of the cement plant, Cambodia has changed from relying on imports to being self-sufficient. In 2024, Cambodia will export more than 30,000 tons of cement to Thailand, and due to the growth of construction demand, the demand for cement in Cambodia will soon exceed 10 million tons per year.

2025-06-10 10:17:46

In order to promote the process of national reconstruction, the Ministry of Economy and Industry has formulated a policy to abolish taxes on the cement industry. This initiative covers cement products produced by the public and private sectors. As cement is a key material for infrastructure construction when the country is about to be rebuilt, it is of great significance to enhance its competitiveness. Therefore, the government promotes the development of the cement industry by abolishing taxes. This policy will also play an active role in the reconstruction process of Syria.

2025-06-09 15:17:34

The demand for infrastructure and housing in India is booming, and Ambuja Cements has risen strongly in this wave. It is part of the Adani Group and has become the second largest cement producer in India. Its products are widely used in housing and infrastructure construction in India, accounting for about 30%, which is an important force to promote the development of Indian construction.

2025-06-09 15:01:46

The expansion project of Pioneer Cement Plant was completed and the Ethiopian President attended the opening ceremony. The project is a joint venture between Egyptian and Chinese investors, creating 550 direct jobs. Ethiopia's mining minister said that the annual cement production capacity reached 20 million tons, and efforts are being made to increase production. Ethiopia has expanded its production capacity in many fields to help the construction industry. Pioneer Cement Plant has put high-quality cement into production, increased production capacity and played an important role in many aspects. The utilization rate of Egyptian cement production capacity is about 50%, and export is crucial to improve the utilization rate, but as a landlocked country, export is facing challenges.

2025-06-06 10:06:17

Pacific Cement Philippines' Luzon Cement Terminal, which is operating in early 2026, is building a 3.72 billion peso Luzon distribution terminal in Bataan. The company plans to increase production to 5 million tons and reach 10% market share by 2030, and will use terminals to distribute environmentally friendly blended cement. Pacific Cement welcomes the provisional safeguard measures imposed by the Philippines on imported cement, and the DTI has issued relevant orders. The company, a Cebu subsidiary of the Group, has a production capacity of 3 million tons and invests in sustainable development and community support projects.

2025-06-06 09:53:54