中国何时能实现碳达峰?

2023-10-07 09:28:23

中国何时能实现碳达峰?是现在国际国内都关心的一个热门话题。

2023 年 11 月 4 日在迪拜举行的第二十八届联合国气候变化大会 COP28 召开在即,全球二氧化碳排放总量最大的国家——中国何时能实现碳达峰?是现在国际国内都关心的一个热门话题。

根据官方报道,中国现在的二氧化碳排放量为 110 亿吨/年左右。中国的二氧化碳排放量中大部分是燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气等化石能源排放的。还有一小部分是生产水泥时煅烧石灰石排放的。其它的温室气体排放量微乎其微。中国的水泥生产已经基本达峰了,但能源需求还在增长,而且未来相当长的一段时间内还会继续增长。

不过中国高耗能的重化工产业的增速已经下降,现在每年新增的能源需求增长率为 3.5%左右,未来还会逐渐下降,大概率中国的新增能源需求绝对量会基本稳定。如果新增的能源供应全部使用化石能源,今后每年需要增加 4 亿吨左右的二氧化碳排放。而如果新增的零碳能源——风光水生物质及核能每年能够替代化石能源减排 4 亿吨二氧化碳,则中国可立即实现碳达峰。

二氧化碳减排的主要路径是用能电能化,电能供应由零碳的可再生能源和核能提供。中国现在的电力主要来自于燃煤发电,现在中国的发电煤耗约为 301 克标准煤/千瓦时,于是燃煤发电的二氧化碳排放约为 800 克/千瓦时。

现在对二氧化碳减排贡献最大的就是光伏发电。2022 年中国的光伏发电新增装机容量才8000 多万千瓦,2023 年大概率会达到 2 亿千瓦,一年之间新增容量就增加了 1 亿千瓦,增长率超过了 100%,光伏年新增容量撑起了全国新增二氧化碳年减排量的半边天。如此高速增长的直接原因是硅料生产的瓶颈被打开,一年左右的时间硅料价格下降 80%左右,光伏组件价格因此下降近 50%,导致现在光伏发电成本显著低于煤电。

估计 2023 年全年中国新增零碳能源发电能力替代煤电减少的二氧化碳排放如下表:

按上表的计算结果,如果风电、水电和核电未来每年的装机容量基本不变,新增的能源需求量不变,则中国每年的新增光伏装机容量在2023年2亿千瓦新增容量的基础上再增加约6000万千瓦,达到2.6亿千瓦/年左右,就会实现碳达峰。中国光伏发电新增容量近年来的变化可请参见下图。

中国何时能实现碳达峰?答案一眼即可看穿!不过实现碳达峰只是实现碳中和这场大戏的前半场。

中国实现碳中和有两大关键问题需要解决,一是风光电的发电成本要足够低,二是要有足够的消纳过剩风光电的电耗和补偿风光电短缺的电力——即所谓的智慧能源,以保证电力系统的稳定。现在风光发电的成本已经低于煤电,而且还在继续降低,第一个关键问题已经解决。

于是中国实现碳达峰后在奔向碳中和目标的道路上要解决的最关键的问题就是开发大量低成本的智慧能源。好戏还在后半场,任重而道远!

All can be viewed after purchase
Correlation

In order to accelerate the realization of the "double carbon goal" and actively promote the green and high-quality development of the industry, China Cement Network will hold the "2025 China Cement Double Carbon Conference and the 13th Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology Exchange Conference" on May 27-28, 2025, and hold the release ceremony of the "2025 Cement Industry ESG Ranking List" at the same time. This conference will bring together industry elites and multi-resources to provide all-round support for the industry in terms of technology, policy landing and resource docking.

2025-04-22 16:47:26

"The formal incorporation of the cement industry into the national carbon market is of great positive significance for speeding up the removal of inefficient production capacity and promoting the high-quality development of the industry." Li Kunming, a cement analyst at China Cement Network Cement Big Data Research Institute, said bluntly.

2025-04-17 09:58:52

On April 15, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the National Carbon Emission Trading Market in 2025. Units with annual direct emissions of 26,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in power generation, steel, cement and aluminum smelting industries should be included in the list of key emission units. See Annex 1 for the specific requirements for the formulation of the list.

2025-04-15 16:15:10

As of March 15, 2025, the average number of kiln shutdown days of 52 production lines was 251 days, the rate of kiln opening was 31%, and the number of kiln shutdown days of off-peak production had exceeded the original target of 201 days, which achieved remarkable results in energy saving, emission reduction and environmental protection benefits through off-peak production.

2025-04-15 09:37:46

In order to cope with global climate change, contribute to global carbon emission reduction, promote the implementation of the national strategy of achieving carbon peak in 2030 and carbon neutral "double carbon" in 2060, and fulfill the social responsibility of central enterprises, Sinoma Cement Zambia Company will increase investment in capital and technology in the field of green energy, enable enterprises to develop low-carbon with "green engine", and build a green energy low-carbon plant with zero purchase of electricity overseas.

2025-04-03 14:42:05

According to the Conch Cement 2024 Annual Report and ESG Report, by the end of 2024, the Company had a clinker production capacity of 274 million tons, a cement production capacity of 403 million tons, an aggregate production capacity of 163 million tons, a commercial concrete production capacity in operation of 51.9 million cubic meters, and an installed capacity of solar storage power generation in operation of 645 MW.

2025-04-02 10:33:53

On March 20, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Work Program of the National Carbon Emission Trading Market Covering Steel, Cement and Aluminum Smelting Industries (hereinafter referred to as the Program). According to the Plan, in order to implement the plan of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the construction of the national carbon emissions trading market, with the approval of the State Council, the three industries of iron and steel, cement and aluminium smelting are included in the management of the national carbon emissions trading market, covering the greenhouse gases of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon tetrafluoride (CF4) and carbon hexafluoride (C2F6).

2025-03-26 11:55:46

On March 24, the General Office of the National Development and Reform Commission issued a notice on the second batch of national carbon peak pilot lists.

2025-03-24 10:41:00

On the afternoon of February 27, the Hunan Provincial Conference on the Reform of Bulk Cement and Wall Materials was held in Changsha. Ouyang Xiaofeng, a member of the Party Leadership Group and deputy director of the Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, attended the meeting and delivered a speech. More than 110 people attended the meeting, including the heads of the competent departments of bulk cement and wall material reform and relevant departments, the principal heads of management organizations, the heads of provincial and municipal ready-mixed mortar associations (workstations), the heads of green wall material associations (workstations), and the heads of relevant building materials testing service organizations. The meeting comprehensively summarized the work in 2024, analyzed the current situation faced by the development of the scattered wall industry, and focused on the key work in 2025.

2025-03-10 09:43:19

According to the official website of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, in order to steadily promote the voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas information of enterprises and effectively promote the comprehensive green and low-carbon transformation and development of enterprises, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Finance, the People's Bank of China and the General Administration of Financial Supervision recently jointly issued the Opinions on Promoting the Voluntary Disclosure of Greenhouse Gas Information of Enterprises (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions").

2025-03-04 09:53:06

On March 13-14, 2025, China Cement Network will hold the "14th China Cement Industry Summit and TOP100 Award Ceremony" in Hangzhou, and the "C50 Market Forum" at the same time. At the meeting, the low-carbon emission reduction technology of cement industry will be discussed in depth.

2025-02-13 14:58:58

How can cement enterprises better lay out the new energy field and achieve a win-win situation? How to solve all kinds of problems?

2025-02-12 14:22:44

In order to speed up the improvement of the carbon footprint management level of industrial products, establish and improve the carbon footprint management system, and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of industry, it has been recommended by relevant standardization agencies, evaluated by experts, and publicized on the Internet. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the National Development and Reform Commission and the General Administration of Market Supervision have identified 15 recommended lists of group standards for carbon footprint accounting rules for industrial products (the first batch), which are now published.

2025-01-16 14:08:27

In order to carry out the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd and 3rd Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, implement the requirements of the Implementation Plan for Establishing a Carbon Footprint Management System and the Work Programme for Improving the Statistical Accounting System for Carbon Emissions, speed up the establishment of a unified and standardized product carbon footprint accounting standard system, and actively promote group standards, line standards and national standards. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment, together with the National Development and Reform Commission, the General Administration of Market Supervision, the Ministry of Transport and the National Data Bureau, has formulated the Guidelines for the Compilation of Product Carbon Footprint Accounting Standards, which are now issued to you. Please implement them in accordance with the actual situation.

2025-01-07 16:52:47

From the sharp decline in production to the fierce competition in the market, from the imbalance between supply and demand to the continuous shrinkage of benefits, every event has a profound impact on the future direction of the industry. Let's use these key words to review the cement industry in 2024. They not only record the hard journey of the industry, but also indicate the dawn of future development.

2024-12-31 09:15:34

In order to show the latest development achievements of the cement industry, set up a benchmark model, gather the wisdom of the whole industry, continuously stimulate innovation and promote the high-quality development of the industry, China Cement Network will launch the "2024 Cement Industry Enterprise Impact Selection" campaign, and will hold the "14th China Cement Industry Summit". Among them, the award of "2024 Low Carbon Factory in Cement Industry" has been set up. Sign up for the election as soon as possible!

2024-12-19 15:13:55

"The development prospect of renewable fuel in cement industry is very broad and has many positive meanings." Zhu Beixin, general manager of Golden Sunshine, told China Cement Network that the introduction of renewable fuels not only injected new impetus into the development of the cement industry, opened up new sources of economic benefits, but also expanded new ways of resource utilization.

2024-12-18 16:18:08

Methods and Requirements for Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse Gas Products with the Standard No. "T/CBMF277-2024" List of Group Standards for Carbon Footprint Accounting Rules for Cement to be Recommended Industrial Products (Batch 1).

2024-12-16 15:24:50

China Building Materials Zambia Industrial Park won the "African Safety Excellence Award" for its outstanding safety, health and environmental performance, highlighting its leading position in green sustainable development.

2024-12-04 15:43:49

On October 28, 2024, General Secretary Xi Jinping, presiding over the 17th collective study of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on building a strong cultural country, stressed that we should anchor the strategic goal of building a strong cultural country in 2035, adhere to the fundamental guiding ideology of Marxism, root in the broad and profound Chinese civilization, and conform to the trend of information technology development. The socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the new era with strong ideological leadership, spiritual cohesion, value appeal and international influence will constantly strengthen the people's spiritual strength and lay a solid cultural foundation for the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation. China Cement Association Corporate Culture Seminar 2024

2024-11-28 13:24:22

As a traditional high energy consumption and high emission industry, the green development of cement industry is of great significance to promote the green transformation of Xinjiang. The Department of Ecology and Environment will actively support the cement industry to carry out ultra-low emission transformation and carbon reduction, increase guidance and assistance to enterprises, provide technical guidance and policy guidance, and make greater contributions to the ecological civilization and economic and social development of the country and the autonomous region.

2024-11-25 09:44:31

Methods and requirements for quantification of carbon footprint of greenhouse gas products Cement is proposed to be included in the research project of industrial energy conservation and green standards in 2024.

2024-11-22 11:31:05

Next, the National Development and Reform Commission will strengthen the overall planning of its work, establish a coordination mechanism for the statistical accounting of carbon emissions, guide local governments to issue guidelines and methodological guidelines for the accounting of carbon emissions, promote the implementation of tasks by relevant departments, and build a systematic and complete statistical accounting system for carbon emissions as soon as possible.

2024-11-22 11:06:34

With the gradual expansion of the national carbon emissions trading market, it has brought higher requirements and greater pressure for carbon management in all walks of life. To establish and improve the carbon management system is to respond to the national dual-carbon strategy, which is also the future development trend; to improve the carbon emission management of enterprises, which can provide comprehensive analysis and decision-making for the future development strategy of enterprises; and to accurately predict the changes in the carbon market, strengthen the enterprise's response to climate change risks in all aspects, and guide the preservation and appreciation of carbon assets.

2024-11-13 11:19:44

Since there are new requirements for the basic requirements of the leader, the rules for the selection of the leader should be revised and published in time. Let the participants understand the competition rules, let the judges understand the evaluation rules, and let the spectators understand the judgment rules; let the selection standards of the central ministries and commissions be basically consistent with the selection standards of the provinces; let the selection of the energy efficiency "leader" be fair, just and transparent; Let the "leader" of energy efficiency convince all parties, so as to really play the role of guiding industry enterprises to catch up with the "leader" of energy efficiency, and create a good atmosphere to promote the green, low-carbon and high-quality development of cement industry.

2024-11-07 13:32:48

For companies like Conch Cement, the next step in entering the national carbon market is to reduce carbon emissions, which means that more carbon quotas can be sold in the carbon emissions trading market and get economic incentives.

2024-11-05 09:51:49

As Dong Shihong said, "Carbon is the future". At the intersection of history and future, Shijing Science and Technology, with low carbon as its pen, helps the cement industry to depict a harmonious picture of green mountains, green waters and industrial prosperity, and casts a hard backbone of sustainable development in the blending of grey and green.

2024-11-04 09:35:58

Based on the market situation of the cement industry and the demand for high-quality and low-carbon development of Conch Cement, Conch will strengthen the research and development of technologies such as energy saving and carbon reduction, green environmental protection, clean energy and low-carbon cement. The main research directions of Conch's scientific and technological innovation in the future are as follows: 1. Research and development project of raw material and fuel substitution in the cement industry; 2. Research and development project of cement clinker quality improvement; 3. Energy-saving and carbon-reducing technical equipment R & D project; 4. Clean and green energy R & D and manufacturing project; 5. Future carbon technology industry exploration project.

2024-11-02 16:34:25

At the meeting, Yan Haochun brought the theme report "Dream of Blue Sky: Exploring the Green Footprint of Cement Industry in the Context of Carbon Market". She pointed out that the cement industry faced the risk of rising costs in the context of the carbon market.

2024-11-01 16:10:56

The incorporation of the cement industry into the national carbon market will have a significant impact on cement enterprises in terms of production and operation, data control, transaction costs, energy saving and carbon reduction investment. With the carbon quota from basic satisfaction to tight reduction, it will effectively promote production reduction, thereby affecting competitiveness and supply and demand pattern.

2024-11-01 09:52:46

In this journey of green transformation, the cement industry is firmly moving towards a low-carbon future, from technological innovation to management optimization, from the application of clean energy to the promotion of alternative fuels, each initiative is depicting a new journey for the industry. Let us work hand in hand to lead the wave of emission reduction with innovation, fulfill the green mission with practical actions, write a brilliant chapter of green and low-carbon development of the cement industry, and contribute to the construction of a beautiful earth.

2024-10-31 09:43:57

Since the end of the third quarter, the price of cement products in East China has risen, and the prosperity of building materials has recovered. With its strong competitive efficiency advantage, Shangfeng is expected to take the lead in benefiting, while its unique new economy equity investment business will further help the company maintain steady growth in performance with the upward cycle of semiconductor, new materials and other technology industries.

2024-10-29 20:15:23

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, the Pearl River Delta in central and southern Guangdong is planning to continue to push up cement prices by 30-50 yuan/ton around the end of the month, and the Guangxi region is temporarily stable. Cement prices in Hunan and Hubei continued to rise by 30-50 yuan/ton.

2024-10-25 17:23:23

On October 25, the "2024 China Cement Double Carbon Conference and the 12th Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology Exchange Conference" continued brilliantly. Gao Dengbang, President of China Cement Association, Zhu Shengli, General Manager of Anhui Conch Group Co., Ltd., Lv Zhijian, President of Xinjiang Building Material Industry Association, Ma Weiping, Chairman of OCC, Jiang Dehong, Vice President and Chief Engineer of Tianshan Material Co., Ltd., Li Jian, Associate Researcher of China Academy of Environmental Sciences, and Fan Yueming, Professor of South China University of Technology. Zhuge Wenda, Chairman of Hubei Century Xinfeng Leishan Cement Co., Ltd., Yan Haochun, Technical Director of China National Inspection and Testing Holding Group and General Manager of Certification and Evaluation Center, China Architecture

2024-10-25 10:53:14

On October 24, the "2024 China Cement Double Carbon Conference and the 12th Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology Exchange Conference" was held in Wuhu, Anhui Province. Gao Dengbang, President of China Cement Association, Zhu Shengli, General Manager of Anhui Conch Group Co., Ltd., Lv Zhijian, President of Xinjiang Building Material Industry Association, Ma Weiping, Chairman of OCC, Jiang Dehong, Vice President and Chief Engineer of Tianshan Materials Co., Ltd., Li Jian, Associate Researcher of Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, Fan Yueming, Professor of South China University of Technology, Zhuge Wenda, Chairman of Leishan Cement Co., Ltd., Century Xinfeng, Hubei, Yan Haochun, Technical Director of China National Inspection and Testing Holding Group and General Manager of Certification and Evaluation Center.

2024-10-24 16:55:38

Zhu Shengli said that Conch, as a leading enterprise in the industry, has been actively practicing the responsibility of large enterprises in recent years, keeping a close eye on the "double carbon" goal, adhering to the green and low-carbon transformation, continuously increasing pollution control, continuously promoting energy conservation and carbon reduction, and further developing circular economy, so as to ensure that the clean production of factories, the development and application of carbon emission reduction technology and the scale of green industry development are at the leading level in the industry.

2024-10-24 10:47:24

According to the statistics of China Cement Network, the annual carbon emissions of the cement industry exceed 1.2 billion tons of standard coal, second only to the power and steel industries, including more than 100 cement enterprise groups with annual carbon emissions exceeding one million tons. In the next stage, with the establishment of the carbon trading market, the cement industry will face unprecedented opportunities and challenges. The introduction of carbon trading mechanism will encourage enterprises to take the initiative to reduce emissions, transform the cost of carbon emissions into economic benefits, and promote the industry to develop in a more environmentally friendly and efficient direction. "Double carbon" is not only a responsibility, but also a cost and benefit.

2024-10-24 09:22:35

Let us work together to practice the concept of green development with practical actions and contribute our strength to the realization of the country's "double carbon" goal. Look forward to your participation and jointly create a bright future for the cement industry!

2024-10-18 13:57:30

In general, if the alternative fuel is mainly domestic waste or general industrial combustible waste, when the substitution ratio is high, it may bring more alkali content to the clinker, thus causing the 28-day strength of the clinker to decrease. Because the calorific value, combustion rate and feeding rate of alternative fuels fluctuate greatly, the output and quality of clinker will also increase.

2024-10-18 09:17:18

Recently, the Department of Agriculture and Rural Areas of Anhui Province released the list of digital agricultural factories (farms, pastures, fishing grounds) in Anhui Province in 2024, and the Conch Tomato Digital Agricultural Factory of Baimashan Cement Plant was successfully selected.

2024-10-17 11:36:42

Every employee should know what emission sources are available in his position, what emission reduction measures are available, and how much emission reduction can be achieved by these measures, so that they can understand the principle of emission, learn the method of accounting, use the carbon management platform, and improve the carbon management ability of each position, so as to achieve "carbon management in the whole process".

2024-10-16 13:15:57

The project uses the idle space in the plant area of Ningxia Shangfeng Building Materials Co., Ltd. to build a photovoltaic power station. The installed capacity of the power station is 4MWp on the DC side. The power generation mode of "self-generation and self-use" is adopted to provide part of the green production electricity for enterprises and reduce the cost of electricity consumption.

2024-10-15 11:11:10

According to the Announcement of Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment on Adjusting the Inclusion Standards of Chongqing Carbon Market (Yuhuan [2023] 55), the original list of Chongqing Carbon Market is updated according to the inclusion standards of industrial enterprises whose annual greenhouse gas emissions reach 13000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (about 5000 tons of standard coal for comprehensive energy consumption) and above. A list of key emission units (hereinafter referred to as key emission units) in Chongqing carbon market in 2023 has been formed, and 334 key emission units have been included in the quota management in 2023.

2024-09-25 14:44:14

The cement industry has been clearly included in the carbon emissions trading market in 2024. Cement enterprises need to comprehensively and accurately understand the relevant regulations and guidelines. According to the actual situation of the enterprises themselves, they should seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, turn inward, practice hard, continuously reduce their carbon emissions per ton of clinker, reduce the production cost of clinker, and win in the current industry trend. So that their enterprises can survive and develop better.

2024-09-25 09:05:05

Although the road of carbon emission reduction in the cement industry is full of challenges, through continuous technological innovation and industry practice such as "steel slag phase-separated clinker", we have reason to believe that the cement industry can surpass the "face-saving project", realize the real green transformation, explore a sustainable road of cement concrete development, and leave a cleaner and sustainable earth for future generations.

2024-09-24 14:31:59

According to the announcement, the capacity of 1,000t/d in the capacity index of the 2,000t/d clinker production line of Henan Tongli Cement Co., Ltd. is used for the 4,500t/d cement clinker production line of Luoyang Huanghe Tongli Cement Co., Ltd., and the replacement ratio is 2:1. After the replacement, the capacity of the 4,500t/d production line of Luoyang Huanghe Tongli is changed to 5,000 t/d.