[原创]无矿山资源将被退出市场?何为重复技术?尚需明确

2017-11-16 13:28:30

近段时间,关于熟料生产企业必须配有矿山资源,不具备矿山资源的熟料线将被退出市场的消息不胫而走,退出市场?着实让业内有所惊动。与此同时,“严禁新增产能”的规定似乎可能被“停止重复技术新增产能”的要求所取代。

  近段时间,关于熟料生产企业必须配有矿山资源,不具备矿山资源的熟料线将被退出市场的消息不胫而走,退出市场?着实让业内有所惊动。与此同时,“严禁新增产能”的规定似乎可能被“停止重复技术新增产能”的要求所取代。

  这些听起来就备受关注的消息从哪里来?经确认,原来出现在近日有行业协会发布的《推进水泥行业供给侧改革 打赢“三个攻坚战”的指导意见》(下称《指导意见》)上。

  消息来源的问题解决了,那么上述两条内容能否被贯彻下去?笔者认为,要作为某一项行业推进改革指导意见,似应由行业管理部门发布为宜。也似乎超出了行业组织在服务企业发展、规范市场秩序、开展行业自律、制定团体标准、维护会员权益、调解贸易纠纷等方面发挥作用的范畴。

  从目前可以查询到的政策来看,无论是“矿山决定论”还是“重复技术推定论”都与国务院和工信部发布的相关政策、文件规定存在一定的差异。

  “开展熟料生产企业必须配有矿山资源,不具备矿山资源的熟料线将被退出市场”如果被贯彻下去,国内将有相当一部分熟料生产线就被退出市场。由于历史和投资策略等原因,国内部分企业的熟料生产线矿石长期依靠外购,如果他们的矿石质量有所保证,供应关系稳定可靠,交易价格为双方接受,合作和谐的话,应该并不影响他们在市场中的生存。

  其次,在2015年国家工信部发布的《水泥行业规范条件(2015年本)》中,关于矿山资源的表述是这样的,“水泥熟料项目应有设计开采年限不低于 30 年的石灰岩资源保障。水泥粉磨项目要配套建设适度规模的散装设施。”《指导意见》看似是根据此项规定进行制定的,但《规范条件》在末尾有“水泥建设项目应符合本规范条件”的表述。即该规范条件适用于《规范条件》出台后的新建水泥项目,对于现有项目则应督促其以此规范条件为要求,作出规划并实施,且还得有过渡期,不能一刀砍下。不过,对在2011年1月1日《水泥准入条件》实施后,新建的无可供设计开采年限30年以上的水泥用灰岩资源保证的水泥熟料生产线有违准入条件的,应予除外。

  “停止重复技术的新增产能项目建设”显然无法取代国务院办公厅于2016年发布的《国务院办公厅关于促进建材工业稳增长调结构增效益的指导意见》(国办发〔2016〕34号)中关于“严禁新增产能”的要求。且不说协会行文和国办公文在行业执行效力上主从地位,何为重复技术也尚无定义或可行标准判断。

  《指导意见》多次提及水泥“二代”技术,笔者推断,出台单位似意用此“技术”作为判断是否为重复技术的标准。从标准上说,如标准属团体标准,或是国家或地方推荐标准,则完全由投资人自愿选用。除非列入了国家或国家鼓励地方制定的强制标准,在此之前,不应强制推行。至于新增水泥产能,均在严禁之列,与采用什么技术无关。水泥企业也期望有更多的新技术可推广,让水泥企业充分选择,以满足自身提升竞争力,可持续发展和竭尽社会责任的需要。

  投资人如新建水泥生产线,须按国务院《企业投资项目核准和备案管理条例》实行备案管理的项目类执行。建设水泥熟料项目,则必须坚持等量或减量置换,当前还必须在同一实际控制人企业间实行置换。合规的新建水泥项目应符合《水泥行业规范条件》之各项规定。国家各项规定是企业行为准则,也是施行自主权的依据。

  业内恳切期待行业组织在服务企业发展、规范市场秩序、开展行业自律、制定团体标准、维护会员权益、调解贸易纠纷等方面能发挥积极作用。

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