熟料接连提价:水泥价格韧性强 龙头企业从源头抓清洁能源

2022-02-24 09:34:49

在“双碳”、煤价上涨、错峰生产、基建增长等因素共同作用下,春节后,长三角、珠三角地区等多地熟料价格接连上涨,累计幅度高达80元/吨。

在“双碳”、煤价上涨、错峰生产、基建增长等因素共同作用下,春节后,长三角、珠三角地区等多地熟料价格接连上涨,累计幅度高达80元/吨。  

节后半个月内,安徽沿江熟料价格已经启动三轮上调,2月7日,安徽沿江熟料价格上涨30元/吨、2月15日上涨了30元/吨、2月21日上涨了20元/吨,目前,安徽沿江大厂熟料离岸价在440-450元/吨左右。期间,粤东地区、华中地区等地也在上调熟料价格,上调区间在20-50元/吨左右。  

长三角地区水泥价格是全国水泥市场风向标,相关分析师对记者表示,相比历史数据,今年熟料价格上涨时间提前,后市水泥企业的上涨预期将更强。  

上述分析师表示,节后熟料价格上涨原因可以从三个方面来看,第一,在海运费上涨、原材料涨价双重因素作用下,越南进口熟料价格上涨,为国内熟料价格提供了上调空间;第二,水泥行业错峰、检修落实有序,尤其是长三角地区,浙江、江苏同比去年多停了5天,部分企业节后开始检修,供给端受到抑制,库存较低;第三,煤炭价格上涨推动熟料成本上升,进而传导到价格端,一般情况下,动力煤价格每上涨100元/吨,水泥成本对应上涨10元/吨。  

水泥价格上涨预期强

数据来源:中国水泥网  

2021年受能耗双控、煤价上涨等因素影响,水泥价格波动较大。2021年9月,全国水泥熟料平均价格超过600元/吨,创历史新高。随后,国家发展改革委、国家能源局等部门接连发文、召开会议稳煤价,水泥价格开始回落。  

该分析师表示,进入2022年,在煤炭价格维持高位的情况下,2022年2月底到5月上旬,水泥价格将受需求与成本推动呈现3轮左右的涨价,每次30元/吨左右。需求端,预计地产下滑会对水泥需求形成一定拖累,稳增长背景下基建发力可能性较大,但基建项目难以立竿见影,到今年一季度乃至整个上半年,水泥市场需求仍然承压。  

相关研报显示,从各省年初制定的错峰生产计划来看,除华北地区外,其他区域2022年错峰生产天数相比2021年均有所增长,预计全年供给端约束力度更大,供需有望维持紧平衡。

挖掘生物质资源  

根据《高耗能行业重点领域能效标杆水平和基准水平(2021年版)》,水泥熟料能效标杆水平为100千克标准煤/吨,基准水平117千克标准煤/吨。按照电热当量计算法,截至2020年底,水泥行业能效优于标杆水平的产能约占5%,能效低于基准水平的产能约占24%。  

政策要求水泥行业2025年标杆产能比重超过30%。相关研报据此预计,未来水泥行业2500吨/日及以下规模产能将陆续退出,总产能将收缩8.6%以上。叠加碳税、减排改造将进一步增加中小企业成本压力。  

2月11日,国家发展改革委发布《水泥行业节能降碳改造升级实施制指南》,明确提出要推广大比例替代燃料技术,利用生活垃圾、固体废弃物和生物质燃料等替代煤炭,减少化石燃料的消耗量。  

上述分析人士表示,“除了提高技术、降低生产线能耗,头部水泥企业应对降碳压力主要是布局光伏发电、风力发电等绿电产业以及发展生物质燃料等清洁能源。”  

当前我国年产秸秆量超过10亿吨,但作为生物质能的主要原材料之一,其能源化利用率仅为3%左右。  

2月15日,安徽海螺水泥股份有限公司第三个生物质燃料项目落户安徽宣城,总投资达30亿元。此前,海螺水泥已有两个生物质燃料项目获得成功投运。  

除了将生物质资源用做煤炭替代燃料,海螺水泥、华新水泥股份有限公司还开发生物质能源及配套项目,解决秸秆、树枝等资源处置难题。以枞阳海螺水泥股份有限公司(海螺水泥子公司)为例,项目一期正常运行后预计每年可省原煤约4.9万吨,可处理秸秆等生物质资源约15万吨。  

水泥行业相关人士表示,就减碳来说,生物质燃料和煤炭相比,氢含量不明显。叠加不同生物质热值不同,且燃料中可能存在钾、钠、氯、硫等元素,企业推广生物质燃料要考虑其对于熟料品质的影响。生物质燃料能否成为水泥行业碳减排的有效路径还要综合其经济性和安全性。

一场以提升资源利用率,建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系为核心的时代浪潮正在滚滚袭来!为此,中国水泥网将于2022年3月17-18日,在安徽芜湖海螺大酒店举办以“节能降碳创新增效绿色升级”为主题的“第九届中国水泥节能环保技术交流大会暨水泥‘双碳’大会”。诚邀政府主管领导、行业技术专家、科研单位、水泥生产企业和供应商等,共同探讨水泥行业节能减排新途径,加速实现绿色高质量发展。

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Correlation

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