年产能达6800万吨!46条熟料线即将入市!海螺水泥、红狮水泥等加速“换血”!

2021-05-05 10:36:05

今年以来,截止到4月27日,全国拟建、在建的水泥熟料生产线建设项目已经达到46条,年产能达6800万吨(以310天计算)。

近日,江西省发改委公布了2021年第一批省重点建设项目清单,其中与水泥行业相关的有五条熟料生产线列入清单。分别为:江西万年青水泥股份有限公司万年水泥厂2×5100t/d熟料水泥生产线异地技改环保搬迁项目 、高安红狮水泥有限公司4000t/d新型干法熟料水泥智能生产线及配套技改项目、鑫山水泥厂鑫山水泥整体搬迁项目(柴桑区) 和江西玉山南方水泥有限公司8000t/d水泥熟料生产线项目。

近年来,国内水泥行业掀起新建生产线热潮。据小编不完全统计,除了上述提到的熟料生产线外,今年以来,截止到4月27日,全国拟建、在建的水泥熟料生产线建设项目已经达到46条,年产能达6800万吨(以310天计算)。

除了水泥熟料生产线项目,今年以来,南方、中联、华新、华润、红狮等水泥企业投资兴建绿色建材产业园的消息不断涌出,在业内引起广泛关注。据了解,这些产业园项目的建设大多数包含了水泥熟料、机制砂、装配式建筑等。产业园项目的兴起在一定程度上意味着我国水泥行业产业链延伸进程逐步进入发展高峰期。

据水泥大数据研究院统计,2020年全国共点火26条水泥熟料生产线,实际产能合计约3816万吨,是近五年来单年投产量最高。据初步统计,2020年末全国共有1685条新型干法熟料生产线,实际熟料产能约在18.27亿吨。

产能置换政策是目前水泥行业产能变化的最重要影响因素。从上述数据来看,无论是新建线的数量还是产能都有明显增长,且有“愈演愈热”的趋势,而在这一过程中,产能置换政策无疑是新建线的最大推动力,且对水泥行业市场格局产生了重大影响。

在骨料、搅拌站等项目建设方面,对具有先进管理水平、掌握先进生产工艺、装备的水泥企业来说,进入砂石骨料、混凝土产业是企业价值链整合的共赢模式。不但对水泥企业由小变大、由大变强有着重要意义,更有利于推进水泥、混凝土、砂石骨料三大行业的有机结合,联动发展,进而提高建筑质量,减少原材料的消耗,实现经济增长方式的转变。

业内人士指出,三大原因促使水泥行业掀起建设热潮。

1.行业利润连创新高资金基础雄厚

自2016年下半年以来,随着供给侧结构性改革的持续推进,水泥行业迎来复苏,行业利润连年创下新高。资料显示,2019年全年水泥行业利润1867亿元,同比增长19.6%;2020年水泥行业营业收入9960亿元,利润总额1833亿元。

一方面,水泥属于高投资门槛行业,生产线建设动辄数亿,对投资者的资金实力,以及抗风险能力都有着较高的要求。近年来,随着行情上涨,水泥企业收获高效益的同时,也为新建生产线提供了资金基础。

另一方面,资本本身是逐利的,而且具有一定的盲目性。近年来高企的水泥价格以及持续攀升的水泥行业利润,不仅刺激了业内企业加速新线建设的欲望,同时也吸引了外部资本的进入,由此也对水泥行业掀起产能置换热潮起到了推动作用。

2.“鸟枪换大炮”增强企业竞争力

一般而言,基于水泥生产技术的迭代更新以及对水泥生产工艺研究的推进等原因,新建生产线的综合竞争力将高于原有生产线,通过产能置换,将大幅提升5000t/d及以上熟料生产线的比重,降低偏小熟料生产线的数量,也可在很大程度上使公司效率明显提升,尽管吨投资强度上升,需重新投资,但对企业而言,仍可极大增强其综合竞争力。

因此,水泥企业借当下产能置换之机整合竞争力欠佳或区位优势较弱的生产线,不仅可以在目前尚且“风平浪静”的当下赢得时间和空间,还能在水泥需求下行期到来前用“鸟枪换大炮”的方式将自己的竞争力提高到全新的局面,不失为一个转型升级的好机会。

3.行业升级的重要途径

如今,在全面推进生态文明建设大背景之下,水泥行业要实现绿色高质量发展,就需要全面推进产业升级,提升国内水泥行业生产技术水平,进而降低整体能耗和污染物排放。

新线建设为水泥行业的绿色高质量发展创造了条件。特别是近两年,随着智能化技术的发展,新建生产线多以智能化为目标,集合当前最新技术,能耗和污染物排放大幅降低,生产线集成,信息化、智能化水平大幅提高。

对于当前行业出现的产能置换建设大潮现象,业内人士认为目前产能利用率处在过剩状态,水泥业应该处在发展一个相对平静期,不应萌生太大的新建生产线动静,谨防通过产能置换,造成新一轮产能过剩。另外,企业不应该过多关注产能置换新建项目,应多对现有的生产线通过技改,提升竞争力。

此外,在近几年行业利润大增的情况下,企业自身可以加大基础研究的投入。如水泥为传统产业可加大高端化、智能化、绿色化,发展服务型制造的投入,挖掘节能减排潜提高资源能源利用效率、提高原燃材料替代率、硏发在深海、深地、深蓝以及危急处置等领域水泥产品等等。

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