英国水泥行业发展现状(2017-2018年)

2018-06-25 17:32:20

英国正处于经济和建筑增长的平台期。尽管对水泥和相关建筑材料有着强烈的需求,考虑到围绕英国退欧的具体条款仍存在不确定性(现在离退欧只有9个月时间),这种令人不安的局面可能还将持续一段时间。


  英国正处于经济和建筑增长的平台期。尽管对水泥和相关建筑材料有着强烈的需求,考虑到围绕英国退欧的具体条款仍存在不确定性(现在离退欧只有9个月时间),这种令人不安的局面可能还将持续一段时间。下文从宏观经济、主要企业、兼并重组、技术与创新等各方面介绍了英国水泥行业在2017-2018年的发展现状。

  一、宏观经济

  英国退欧对未来经济形态的影响仍存在不确定性,这导致英国经济的多个领域经济活动增长趋于停滞,尤其是建筑业。经济基本面非常强劲:住房建设仍然是一个迫切需要,住房政策和主要基础设施仍然是政府优先考虑的主要支出承诺。大学也在继续修建学术设施和学生宿舍。然而,民间投资支出--在商业写字楼和工业部门,以及伦敦高端豪华住宅是持平甚至下降的。

  整个国家的需求发展并不平衡。矿物产品协会(MPA)的分析显示,自经济衰退以来,全国的经济复苏存在巨大差异。自2007年以来,伦敦的混凝土销量增长了50%,而其他所有地区的销量都至少比2007年的水平低了20%,其中一些地区的销量降幅高达54%。2017年8月,《建筑指数》的一篇文章对这种状况进行了总结。尽管全行业的贸易状况调查显示,经济连续17个季度实现增长,2017年第二季度的产出数据显示,经济下滑1.3%(数据来源:英国国家统计局),为2012年以来最大降幅。与此同时,IHS Markit采购经理人指数(PMI)显示,行业工作量和订单都在上升。

  英国国家统计局数据显示,2017年第二季度至第四季度英国经济出现萎缩,这是自2012年以来首次连续两个或两个以上季度出现萎缩。然而,今年第一季度出现了较大的增长,这可能会平滑整年的经济增长,误导外界对于英国经济的观察。最近,2018年1月的经济萎缩幅度为-3.4%,为2012年6月以来的最差水平(-3.9%)。2018年第一季度,建筑业产出下降了3.3%,部分原因是2月和3月的冬季天气。

  IHS Markit/CIPS的建筑业采购经理人指数(PMI)自2016年年中以来一直徘徊在略高于阈值的水平。自2017年年中至今,PMI有两次跌至50以下。

  表1:英国建筑业采购经理人指数(PMI)

  来自建筑产品的报告表明销售放缓和预期下降。最新的预测显示,由于政治不确定性以及大型建筑公司Carillion的倒闭所带来的后果,2018年增长将出现停滞。预计2019年产出将增长2.7%,2020年将增长1.9%。基础设施和住宅仍然是最积极的行业,尽管90%的制造商报告称原材料成本上升。

  2017年第三季度时,MPA的数据显示建筑材料需求水平同比和环比都出现下降。最近公布的2017年全年数据显示,混凝土、碎石、沙子和砾石的销售都是持平的,只有砂浆出现了上升。水泥销售数据尚未公布,但从混凝土的销量情况来看,可能与上述趋势类似。

 二、主要公司业绩

  西麦斯2017年的英国地区水泥销量下降6%,平均售价上涨1%。骨料和混凝土的销售也呈现量减价增的特征。

  CRH对于其英国子公司Tarmac的经营情况透露较少,除了在最新的一份报告中指出2018年第一季度“天气恶劣”。

  海德堡水泥2017年由于意大利水泥而利润大增,董事长Bernd Schiefele称公司2017年水泥、水泥、碎石和沙子销量均创新高。然而,英国部分的表现却受到退欧公投带来的不确定性的影响,所有产品线的销量都在下降。

  拉法基在2017年的报告中指出,由于项目拖延和总体经济放缓,英国部分的盈利有所下降。

  Breedon作为唯一一家专注于英国市场的水泥生产商,在2016年收购了希望建筑材料公司。2017年全年营收7.46亿欧元,同比增长7%,税前利润为8450万欧元,较2016年增长52%,混凝土销量增长了99%。

  三、兼并重组

  今年的英国水泥行业发展之一是Breedon水泥公司的创立,其母公司Breedon集团也转型为一家综合矿产品公司。收购希望建筑材料公司后,Breedon Aggregates也自建了水泥生产线,另外收购一家在英格兰东北部的水泥进口业务的公司。该部门的品牌在2017年7月进行了调整,“Breedon水泥”标志着其水泥行业的规模正在扩大。紧随其后,在2017年12月,公司宣布了对Humberside Aggregates公司的收购,并宣布了与Tarmac进行资产交换的提议。Breedon将接管4个采石场和一个沥青厂,价值1890万欧元,同时将27个混凝土厂置换给Tarmac,另外还将支付560万欧元。收购提案有可能会得到需要监管许可的批准,2018年2月举行的听证会后,提案已被修订。Staffordshire混凝土有限公司也在2018年4月被收购。

  Breedon集团收购爱尔兰拉根水泥公司(Lagan Cement)于2018年4月尘埃落定。至此,Breedon集团控制了爱尔兰共和国和英国的水泥生产,而扩大的Breedon水泥业务包括希望水泥和Kinnegad的工厂,以及Sherburn进口业务。

  其他矿产集团也进行了收购和销售,不过规模较小。拉法基的英国子公司在2018年2月收购了Kendall集团,Kendall集团在普特茅斯和肖勒姆海边经营着骨料码头,在汉普郡和苏塞克斯经营着5家混凝土工厂。

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  四、投资

  Hanson在Padeswood的2300万欧元项目是目前英国水泥行业扩大生产设施的主要投资。由于四家老旧的粉磨厂产能明显低于窑炉,Hanson不得不将熟料运送出去粉磨,并承担由此带来的所有环境和物流成本。Hanson于2017年8月向弗林特郡议会提交建设新工厂的计划申请,新设备将是一个可重复使用的0.65Mt/yr立式辊磨机,预计将在2019年全面投产。Hanson会把三个旧磨坊封存起来,同时保留一个供继续使用,另外公司还承诺投资新建铁路装载设施。

  Tarmac于2018年4月开始在邓巴安装0.5Mt/yr的立式磨机,该项目将于2019年7月完成。

  其他更小规模的投资,如Ecocem Ireland投资了250万欧元开了第二个进口站,位于英格兰东南部Medway港的希尔内斯。目前,Ecocem在法国敦刻尔克新开的工厂正在向英国进口散装磨粒高炉炉渣。

  五、科研与创新

  虽然行业内的投资减少了,但更强调创新。拉法基旗下的骨料工业公司可能会宣称自己处于领先地位,2017年9月其任命Pablo Libreros为增长与创新的主席,通过拉法基集团进一步推广产品。今年1月,骨料工业公司推出了2018年创新战略,制定了未来一年的重点,关键领域包括机器人、人工智能、虚拟和现实增强、数字工程、场外施工、区块链等等。公司与刚刚推出动态需求2.0平台的Open Energi建立了合作关系,该平台使用人工智能连接、聚合和优化能源资产,以降低能源成本。公司还在公开场合表明未来可能会应用无人驾驶技术。

  西麦斯相对低调一些,在过去的几个月里推出了许多重大创新。2017年9月,该公司宣布参与欧盟支持的EPOS项目,旨在实现跨部门共生。该项目突出强调案例研究,说明如何利用其他行业的废物,以提高效率,促进可持续性。作为该项目的一部分,英国的South Ferriby工厂一直致力于将化工公司Ineos的废物融入水泥生产过程。今年3月,西麦斯宣称是第一家成功通过远程控制操作水泥厂的公司。西麦斯集团总部位于墨西哥蒙特雷,可以实时追踪三个国家14家水泥厂、25个窑炉和86个粉磨机的运营数据。可以实现操作下单和实时追踪的Cemex Go在2017年推出,目前正在英国被12家客户进行试用。

  Tarmac刚刚在其车队中引入了一套创新的跟踪系统,旨在提高效率和客户服务。

  在一个与EPOS项目类似的项目中,海德堡水泥与欧洲分子生物学实验室(European Molecular Biology Laboratory)签署了一项为期三年的合作协议,在减排和恢复以及“一般创新”等领域交流科学和技术知识。拉法基还任命了一个新的研究和开发团队负责人,Heike Faulhammer博士于2017年7月在里昂公司的全球研发中心任职。

  六、物流

  运输和后勤一直是投资的重点,更多的是为了提高安全和效率。Quinn建筑产品公司强调了其新的销售方式。该公司的“混合物流”将重型水泥或混凝土块与较轻的绝缘材料组合在一起,使其车队能够避免闲置空间,实现满负荷运转。

  七、新产品

  过去几个月的许多新产品系列都与包装水泥有关,与品牌和外观的变化密切相关。骨料工业公司拓展了6个新产品。几周前刚刚推出的TerraCem,是英国首个用于土壤稳定的液压粘结剂。Quinn建筑产品公司在2018年春季推出了三条线的袋装水泥,包括通用水泥、优质水泥和特级水泥。

  八、可持续性

  过去20年,英国及其监管机构将重点放在可持续发展上,在英国石油管理局(MPA)的年度可持续发展报告中加以量化。英国现在被欧盟(EU)视为以可再生能源(尤其是风能和太阳能)替代煤炭的主要国家。

  根据英国国家电网的数据,2017年是有史以来最绿色的一年。可再生能源的崛起打破了今年的13项清洁能源记录。在2018年4月,首次实现电力连续72小时不使用煤炭。此外,《Carbon Brief》数据显示,2017年是二氧化碳排放量连续第五年下降的一年,目前的水平比1990年低38%。受燃煤发电减少20%的推动,2017年的排放量下降了2.6%。

  尽管如此,2017年10月发布的长达164页的《清洁增长战略》(Clean Growth Strategy)受到了气候变化委员会(Committee on Climate Change)的质疑。该委员会警告说,目标很可能会落空,特别是如果没有为重工业引入碳捕获技术提供资金的话。

  在中国最近禁止进口垃圾废物之后,英国回收协会(UK Recycling Association)评论说,我们没有英国的市场,这很可能会对水泥工业的替代燃料的供应产生影响。


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Correlation

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Cement export is expected to become an important way to resolve the serious overcapacity of cement production in the coastal and border areas of Northeast China.

2024-03-04 09:11:33

In order to achieve the international development goal of "rebuilding a Chinese building material overseas" in 10 years, we will write a new chapter of high-quality development belonging to South African companies.

2024-03-01 10:55:13

Sinoma International (600970) released a record of investor relations activities on February 26, and the company was surveyed by seven institutions on February 23, 2024, including insurance companies, fund companies and securities companies.

2024-02-27 13:39:27

The subordinate units of Gezhouba Cement Company earnestly studied and comprehended the spirit of the meeting at the first time, and expressed that they should keep up with the pace of the company's reform and development, maintain a vigorous and popular style, a realistic and pragmatic attitude, and dare to do good deeds, and implement the decisions and arrangements of the Party Committee and the company to the letter, so as to make unremitting efforts for the company to build a first-class building materials provider with high-quality development!

2024-02-23 10:12:52

On the afternoon of February 20, Yin Zhisong, Party Secretary and Chairman of Sinoma International and Chairman of Sinoma Cement, went to the headquarters of Sinoma Cement to investigate and guide the internationalization work, and cordially consoled the cadres and staff of Sinoma Cement.

2024-02-23 09:38:06

Under the support of the "one belt and one way" initiative, Chinese enterprises are still facing great opportunities to go out.

2024-02-21 09:05:11

On January 8, the Shandong Provincial People's Government officially issued a circular on the issuance of the Land and Space Planning of Shandong Province (2021-2035).

2024-02-19 13:30:20

Adani is also a big man in the Indian cement industry and is the second largest cement producer in India. He entered the industry in 2022 with the acquisition of Holcim's cement business in India, which acquired about 70 million tons of cement per year for $10.5 billion. Adani plans to expand its annual cement production capacity to 140 million tons by 2028. Adani has previously invested $1.6 billion to acquire Sanchi Cement and Penna Cement, and is expected to acquire an additional 21 million tons of production capacity.