地产救市将促水泥需求短期回升 但回落趋势不变

2014-10-08 10:05:28

剔除基建投资维度,单纯考虑房地产救市政策对水泥需求影响,本轮救市政策对水泥行业基本面的正面效应或将在2015年一季度末体现。

  剔除基建投资维度,单纯考虑房地产救市政策对水泥需求影响,本轮救市政策对水泥行业基本面的正面效应或将在2015年一季度末体现。

  地产救市将促水泥需求短期回升,但中长期需求回落趋势不变

  水泥需求30%来自于房地产,40%来自于基建,30%来自农村建设,而基建和农村建设很大程度上亦受房地产带来的财政收入和农村居民收入影响(计量经济学角度即水泥的房地产、基建、农村需求三个影响因子存在多重共线性问题)。因此水泥需求周期基本与地产投资周期趋同,研究水泥需求走势很大程度上就等于研究地产周期;

  1998年前我国以福利分房制度为主,房地产部门非市场化,房地产周期波长偏短(5-6年),不符合典型库兹涅茨周期特征(波长约18年),因此1998年前的水泥需求周期亦较短;

  本轮房地产上行周期(库兹涅茨周期)起始于1998年全面住房制度改革,货币化住房分配制度释放市场经济的内生增长动力,房地产市场经历了长达10年的库兹涅茨周期上行,水泥需求亦经历持续高速增长的黄金十年(复合增速达10.5%);

  按库兹涅茨周期波长判断,2008年房地产本应迎来下行拐点,但“四万亿”外生政策冲击拉长周期上行阶段,地产投资拐点扭头向上,水泥需求亦再度回升;

  随“四万亿”政策效应消退,加之经济周期内在规律要求,2012年起地产周期再度下行,水泥需求增速亦明显回落;

  本轮地产救市政策力度仅次于2008年,或将再度延缓地产周期下行,短期水泥需求增速有望回升。但长周期角度来看,未来10年水泥需求增速整体下一台阶的判断不变(0~5%)。

  图1:水泥需求周期与地产投资周期

  数据来源:wind,海通证券研究所

  本轮地产救市对水泥需求正面影响或将在2015年一季度末体现

  2008年10月房地产系列救市政策出台,2009年3月房地产开发投资增速见底回升;2009年10月房地产调控政策“国四条”出台,2010年6月房地产开发投资增速见顶回落。从历史规律总结,房地产政策对房地产开发投资的影响时滞约为半年(5~8个月);

  从历史规律来看,水泥需求增速拐点早于地产投资增速拐点,原因是基建投资先于地产投资而动(2008年6月铁路基建即开始加速,2010年1月铁路基建开始减速)。基建政策出台时点及见效明显早于房地产政策,国家出台基建投资相关政策不像房地产政策诸多掣肘,且基建投资是政府部门直接实施,而房地产政策须经过房地产市场再传导至地产商投资行为;

  剔除基建投资维度,单纯考虑房地产救市政策对水泥需求影响,本轮救市政策对水泥行业基本面的正面效应或将在2015年一季度末体现。

 图2:地产政策拐点、地产投资拐点与水泥需求拐点

  数据来源:wind,海通证券研究所 图中①为房地产政策拐点,②为水泥需求增速拐点,③为房地产投资增速拐点

  短期水泥股有望获得超额收益表现

  2008年10月27日房地产救市政策出台后,水泥股出现明显超额收益。2008年10月27日至12月10日阶段高点,水泥指数累计上涨73%(期间上证指数累计上涨21%);

  但上述水泥股表现是10-11月密集出台刺激政策合力推动的结果,如2008年11月9日国务院常务会议宣布对宏观经济政策进行重大调整,财政政策“稳健”转为“积极”,货币政策“从紧”转为“适度宽松”,同时公布两年总额达4万亿元的庞大投资计划,11月10日水泥股集体涨停;

  因此我们仅考察10月27日地产救市政策出台后,7个交易日内水泥板块表现,10月27日至11月5日,水泥指数累计上涨8%,海螺水泥股价上涨22%,期间上证指数累计上涨2%,水泥股亦具有明显超额收益;

  由于本轮地产救市政策仅次于2008年且弱于2008年,加之目前时点市场对未来宏观政策预期与2008年迥异,因此我们预计水泥股后续有望获得超额收益表现,但可能弱于2008年。(9月30以来2个交易日海螺水泥H股累计上涨2%,恒生国企指数累计上涨1%)。

  图3: 2008年地产救市政策出台后水泥股表现


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Correlation

Tianfeng Securities Research Report shows that with the arrival of the peak season in September, the progress of special bonds and special bonds at the infrastructure end has been accelerated and major local projects have been started, and the demand for cement is expected to pick up. Recently, the cement shipment data continued to recover, and the price side also rose synchronously. At present, most cement enterprises are still in a state of loss. With the strengthening of industry supply self-discipline, the superimposed demand is expected to improve marginally, and the industry profit center is expected to be lifted.

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As a "veteran" of the industry, Li Wenxiu has personally experienced the ups and downs of the cement industry for decades. Faced with the current difficulties, Li Wenxiu believes that solidifying the market and share is the key to stabilizing the development trend of the industry, steadily promoting capacity removal and realizing the "soft landing" of the industry under the background of a sharp decline in demand. "The more the economic downturn, the more stable employment, stable income, capacity is inevitable, but how to go to capacity is the way we can choose, the current solidification of the market, solidification of share, to maintain the basic efficiency of the industry is very critical.".

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According to incomplete statistics, there are about 33 listed companies developing commercial mixing business in A-share motherboard, Hong Kong stock and Taiwan stock, of which 9 companies take commercial mixing as their main business.

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In the first half of 2024, Conch Cement realized an operating income of RMB45.566 billion, representing a year-on-year decrease of 30.44%, and a net profit attributable to parent company of RMB3.326 billion, representing a year-on-year decrease of 48.56%.

2024-08-30 14:56:13

Relevant data show that the industry lost about 1.2 billion yuan in the first half of the year, with sales falling by 11%. Conch Cement: In the first half of the year, the Company achieved an operating income of RMB45.566 billion, representing a year-on-year decrease of 30.44%, and a net profit of RMB3.326 billion, representing a year-on-year decrease of 48.56%. Tapai Group: achieved operating income of RMB1.976 billion, representing a year-on-year decrease of 31.17%; net profit attributable to shareholders of the listed company was RMB226 million, representing a year-on-year decrease of 53.43%. It is expected that with the arrival of the traditional peak season of cement sales, the demand side will be better in the second half of the year than in the first half, and the price side is expected to continue to repair.

2024-08-30 10:06:24

From a supply perspective. In 2024, the cement industry still showed a trend of "serious overcapacity". Although the expectation of environmental protection and low carbon still maintains the trend of "continuous overweight", "normalization of staggered peak production" and "carbon peak" have some constraints on the compression of cement supply in most regions, due to the overall weakening of market demand, the original production intensity of compressed cement has been difficult to reverse the current contradiction between supply and demand in a large scale, and the market. The effect of regulation and control on the supply side of superimposed peak staggering production is weakened, and the market competition is further intensified.

2024-08-28 11:34:46

The company will pay close attention to the macroeconomic situation and industrial policies, optimize the strategic layout, promote the "vertical integration" expansion of the industrial chain, and build the ecological chain of the building materials industry. The company will deepen its main business, widely use digital intelligence technology and green technology, and promote the optimization and upgrading of the cement industry chain; Expand the industrial layout to promote the healthy development of the industry from the strategic height, expand the layout of the commercial concrete industry around the core areas, and further enhance the market influence and discourse power; precisely supplement the chain, combine the company's resource endowment, Industrial base, cultivate related diversified industries, and cultivate the second growth curve.

2024-08-28 11:00:03

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2024-08-28 10:46:16

In the first half of the year, Tianshan's revenue was 39.699 billion yuan, down 25.72%, with a net loss of 3.414 billion yuan. The main reason for the decline in performance was the sharp drop in cement demand and the decline in gross profit margin caused by the price drop exceeding the cost drop.

2024-08-27 11:52:21

Tianshan shares in the evening of August 26th issued 2024 semi-annual report, the company achieved operating income of 39.699 billion yuan in the first half of the year, down 25.72%; net loss of 3.414 billion yuan, profit to loss; basic earnings per share -0.394 yuan. During the reporting period, due to the continuous decline in real estate investment and insufficient funds for infrastructure projects, the demand for cement declined significantly. Although the year-on-year decline in coal prices led to a significant reduction in costs, due to the continued low price, the year-on-year decline was greater than cost decline, the gross profit margin declined year-on-year, and the benefits declined significantly year-on-year.

2024-08-27 09:14:28

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2024-08-26 10:40:10

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2024-08-13 15:12:11

The vicious competition of "involution" is a game without winners.

2024-08-08 10:38:47

Since the beginning of this year, enterprises around the country have generally increased their efforts to stagger the peak, but it is still not enough to reverse the imbalance between supply and demand. In the future, the cement industry may face a severe test.

2024-08-05 13:48:41

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, the shutdown of kilns in Liaoning, Northeast China, was extended to 20 days in August, the overall price was high and stable, the demand performance was not good, and the momentum to push up again was insufficient.

2024-08-02 17:28:08

According to China Cement Market Data Center, the demand and sales in southwest China are sluggish, cement prices in Sichuan and Chongqing continue to fall, and some regions have fallen back to the level before the price increase in June. Some markets in the surrounding Yunnan-Guizhou region are still pushing up in the week, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-08-02 17:25:15

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, the price of cement in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong in central and southern China has recovered by 10-15 yuan/ton, and the quotation in Guangxi is temporarily stable. Prices in some areas of the two lakes have fallen in the early stage, and the overall market is mainly stable this week.

2024-08-02 17:16:26

According to the market data of China Cement Network, affected by the high temperature weather and rainy season, the demand performance of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is flat and the price is weak.

2024-08-02 17:12:52

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2024-08-02 16:39:35

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2024-08-02 16:30:32

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2024-07-31 15:56:20

The industry must rationally face the current situation of insufficient demand.

2024-07-29 15:09:40

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, the Northeast region shut down the kiln again for 15 days in August, which played a supporting role in cement prices.

2024-07-26 17:06:09

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the intensity of peak staggering has been increased, and the price of cement in Yunnan-Guizhou region has been raised by 30-100 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed. Cement prices in some markets in Sichuan and Chongqing have dropped by 30-50 yuan/ton.

2024-07-26 16:56:03

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In the first half of this year, due to the continuous decline in real estate investment, the slowdown in infrastructure investment and the impact of rainy weather, the downstream demand of the cement industry was insufficient, the contradiction between supply and demand intensified, and the sales volume and price of the company's products declined year on year, resulting in a decline in operating income and profits.

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2024-07-09 09:30:18

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According to the data center of China Cement Network, the cost of cement production has risen, and the price of cement in Dali and Lijiang areas of Yunnan has risen again by 30 yuan/ton. The market demand in Sichuan and Chongqing is weak, and local cement prices have fallen.

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2024-06-26 10:23:37

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2024-06-18 14:30:41

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2024-06-07 16:54:49

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2024-05-31 14:35:19

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2024-05-30 16:02:02

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2024-05-28 16:59:57

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2024-05-28 11:53:23

According to the market data of China Cement Net, the price of cement in Guizhou has bottomed out and rebounded. Around the 20th, enterprises in most parts of the province notified the price of cement to be raised by 20-50 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed.

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How is the cement industry in Hubei? Faced with the current situation, what are the views of cement enterprises in the region?

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