上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态 下半年或再现旺季不旺

2014-09-23 12:43:44

受基建及房地产开发投资增速下降影响,2014年上半年水泥行业下游需求疲软,上半年全国水泥产量增速同比下降5.98个百分点至3.69%,各区域呈现分化走势。上半年全国产能增速与需求基本持平,预计下半年该局面将持续且不排除供给超过需求增速的可能。

  观点简述:

  受基建及房地产开发投资增速下降影响,2014年上半年水泥行业下游需求疲软,上半年全国水泥产量增速同比下降5.98个百分点至3.69%,各区域呈现分化走势。上半年全国产能增速与需求基本持平,预计下半年该局面将持续且不排除供给超过需求增速的可能。价格方面,上半年全国水泥均价较年初呈下降趋势,但平均价格仍高于去年同期,各区域下半年仍将表现出明显差异,总体涨价乏力,行业或再现旺季不旺。

  受同比价格较高影响,中债资信监测的20家样本企业营业收入整体呈现明显增幅,但个别企业受价格及需求影响营收出现下滑。上半年受煤炭价格继续下跌及水泥价格同比较高影响,样本企业盈利能力同比提升,预计下半年样本企业营收水平继续增长,但增幅将小于上半年,产能布局于华东、中南及西南区域的部分企业仍将具有良好盈利预期,但东北及西南区域水泥企业或将面临一定盈利压力。

  同期,样本企业继续保持较高的经营获现能力,行业固定资产投资如期继续放缓,受益于盈利改善和投资下降,上半年行业债务规模增幅很小,未来短期内行业投资支出将继续放缓,行业债务规模增幅将继续放缓,财务杠杆保持当前水平或略有下降。截至2014年8月31日,在A股上市水泥企业以及在交易所市场和银行间市场公开发债的水泥发债主体均披露了2014年上半年未经审计的财务报表。整体来看,2014年以来行业需求偏弱,全国水泥均价呈下跌走势,但均价仍于去年同期。同期煤炭价格继续走低,上半年样本企业在盈利、现金流和债务负担等方面表现基本符合我们之前预判。结合2014年上半年已经披露的固定资产投资、房地产开发投资等宏观经济数据以及水泥行业产量及价格数据,我们对水泥行业当前供需情况以及未来价格走势进行分析,以期对样本企业盈利、现金流与债务负担进行预测。

  (1)需求:受基建、房地产等固定资产投资增速下滑影响,2014年上半年水泥行业下游需求疲软,全国水泥产量同比增长3.69%,各区域表现继续分化:中南、西南及西北地区需求表现尚可,东北地区和华东地区基本维持上年同期水平,华北地区需求下滑较为明显

  2014年上半年国内宏观经济整体运行平稳,上半年GDP累计同比增长7.42%,较1季度的7.36%的增速呈企稳态势,但同比仍略有放缓且低于全年7.50%的预期目标值。官方PMI和汇丰PMI在经历了1季度的低迷后在2季度实现反弹,6月份官方MPI终值为51.00,汇丰PMI终值为50.70,与上年同期基本持平,制造业整体表现仍相对疲软。从与水泥行业需求密切相关的固定资产投资来看,上半年全国固定资产投资完成额累计同比增长17.30%,增速较上年同期下降2.80个百分点,房地产开发投资和基建投资累计同比增长14.10%和22.84%,增速较上年同期分别下降6.20个百分点和0.81个百分点,其中受上半年房地产销售低迷、资金面紧张等多种因素影响,房地产开发投资增速降幅较为明显。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

  受基建投资、房地产开发投资等固定资产投资增速整体下移影响,2014年上半年全国共生产水泥13.69亿吨,同比增长3.69%,增速同比下降5.98个百分点,为1999年以来开局最差的上半年。分区域来看,中南、西南及西北区域水泥需求表现优于全国平均水平,华东和东北地区水泥需求基本维持上年同期水平,华北地区水泥需求表现仍为疲软,水泥产量增速低于全国平均水平约11个百分点,成为全国水泥产量负增长的唯一区域。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

  结合中债资信宏观及房地产和基建研究观点,我们认为房地产行业销售增速相对放缓状态或将维持至年底或2015年1季度,而新开工带动的房地产开发投资则将在更长时间内保持低速。基建投资方面,2季度以来基建投资增速有所反弹,考虑到铁路投资目标上调至全年8,000亿元的水平,在铁路投资带动下,全年基建有望保持良好水平。综合房地产开发投资和基建投资未来走势,我们判断下半年水泥行业需求将继续低于去年同期,且各区域分化进一步加剧。

  (2)供给:上半年全国新增22条产线,产能增速与需求增速基本持平;预计下半年该局面将持续且不排除供给超过需求增速的可能

  截至2013年底,全国新型干法水泥生产线共1,714条,设计熟料产能约为17亿吨/年。2014年上半年全国新投放熟料产线共计22条,合计新增熟料产能约3,106万吨/年,较年初增加1.82%,但考虑到2013年下半年的产能增长,2014年6月末全国熟料年产能较2013年同期实际增长约0.9亿吨,增速达到5.5%,与上半年熟料产量增速5.8%基本持平。分区域来看,东北地区无新增产能;华北和中南分别投产3条和2条熟料产线,西南和华东地区新增产能规模较大。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

  在此前的年初展望及点评中,我们曾经根据最近两年新开工及投产情况预判2014年熟料年产能投放规模约5,000万吨到8,000万吨,上半年的表现基本符合预期,我们暂时维持既有判断。中性预期下,2014年全年熟料年产能将增长4%,而按照前述需求分析,预计熟料需求可能将继续降速,供求增速持平的格局将维持且不排除供给超速的可能。

  (3)价格:上半年水泥价格较年初出现下滑,但均价仍高于去年同期;下半年各区域仍将表现出明显差异,旺季调价或有一定难度,总体涨价乏力,行业或再现旺季不旺

  2014年以来受房地产开发投资增速及基建投资增速下滑影响,2季度末全国水泥均价较年初下降约36元/吨,截至6月末全国P.O42.5水泥均价为337元/吨,但仍高于去年同期的330元/吨。分区域表现来看,受区域内需求较好影响西南地区水泥价格自年初以来走出一波上涨行情,至6月末区域内水泥均价已达369元/吨,高于去年同期约44元/吨;东北地区水泥价格维持年初水平,中南、华东地区价格较年初出现较大幅度下滑,但价格仍高于去年同期水平;华北地区受需求疲软影响,价格出现下滑且均价位于全国较低水平;西北地区尽管需求表现略好,但受区域产能过剩及新增产能继续释放影响,价格呈下跌走势。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

  展望下半年,整体上行业需求难言乐观,各区域仍呈现明显分化。分区域看,政策支持下东北区域水泥需求有望维持既有规模,区域内较高的产能集中度对于维护水泥价格仍形成较好支撑,但需关注新增产能投放压力及南部辽宁省较低的价格对整体价格的冲击,并且发改委在9月初公布对吉林省三家水泥企业的反垄断处罚,短期内对水泥价格的维持有一定不利影响;华北地区,11月即将召开的APEC会议可能将同时影响供求两端,逻辑上供给端的影响将早于需求端从而形成价格利好,但由于京津冀一体化的推进对于区域需求拉升暂未显现、华北五省今年需求普遍孱弱,因此我们对华北下半年水泥价格持谨慎态度;华东和中南区域,区域整体竞争秩序较好,供求增速平衡,有望实现9~11月旺季提价,不确定性同样在于反垄断处罚对涨价的震慑,估计今年提价效果弱于去年同期;西南地区区域需求较好,且区域内产能集中度因整合已有提高,预计2014年全年均价高于去年同期,但云贵产能的陆续投放压力将逐渐显现,我们将在后续密切关注;西北地区未来仍有新增产能投放,区域内较差的竞争秩序仍对价格形成一定压制,该局面短期难改。总体来看,我们相对看好下半年华东及中南区域的涨价,但弱于去年同期;我们对其他地区的价格预期保持谨慎,全国下半年总体涨价乏力,既2011年下半年后,行业或再现旺季不旺。

  (4)样本企业盈利:受价格同比较高影响,2014年上半年样本企业盈利水平明显改善,但区域价格分化使得各区域样本企业出现分化,预计2014年下半年样本企业营收水平将继续增长,但涨幅或将低于上半年

  水泥行业企业盈利表现主要受区域水泥价格及成本影响,2014年以来尽管水泥均价较年初高位下滑,但高于去年同期水平,加之煤炭价格今年继续下探,样本企业2014年盈利水平改善明显。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

  从营业收入来看,2014年上半年样本企业实现营业收入共计1,190.46亿元,同比增长13.68%,但受2季度以来市场需求下降影响,增速较去年同期下降3.13个百分点。各区域受市场供需结构及价格影响,企业营业呈现不同增速水平,其中中南、华东地区的塔牌集团、巢东股份、海螺水泥、福建水泥受区域需求好及价格同比高影响,上半年营收同比增速均在20%以上,1季度营收同比下降的峨胜水泥在2季度营收大涨,上半年营业收入同比增长6.22%;上半年营收同比下降的企业仅天山股份一家。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

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  从利润总额看,各区域水泥企业亦出现较大幅度的分化。利润总额增幅较为明显的企业有塔牌集团、巢东股份、祁连山、中材水泥及红狮水泥,上半年利润总额同比增长均在100%以上;利润总额出现较大幅度下降的企业主要是天山股份、青松建化、山水水泥及峨胜水泥。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

  成本端,上半年煤炭价格继续下跌,进一步提升行业盈利情况:样本企业实现平均销售毛利率24.57%,同比增加3.64个百分点;上半年样本企业三项费用占比同比均出现一定程度上升,但受毛利率提升影响,样本企业销售净利率同比提升2.22个百分点至7.19%。

  2014年下半年预计样本企业营业收入将继续增长,但增幅较上半年将有所收窄;综合各区域供求关系分析及价格走势判断,我们认为华东及中南地区样本企业全年盈利可期;而东北及西北地区样本企业仍面临一定盈利压力。

  (5)样本企业现金流:样本企业继续保持较高的经营获现能力,行业固定资产投资继续放缓,投资活动现金净支出如期继续下降,未来短期投资支出将继续放缓

  受益于盈利水平提高,样本企业2014年上半年实现经营活动现金净流入250.29亿元,同比增长79.46%,处于往年同期最好水平;上半年样本企业现金收入比平均值为105.22%,整体经营状况良好。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

  从投资活动现金流来看,如我们在此前的特评中预期,在行业整体产能投放继续放缓的情况下,样本企业2014年上半年投资活动现金净流出141.16亿元,同比下降41.49%,在行业整体产能过剩的情况下,行业固定资产投资高峰已过,预计未来短期样本企业投资活动现金支出规模将继续放缓。

  (6)样本企业债务负担:样本企业债务负担增长放缓,随着行业盈利改善,企业债务规模增幅有限,未来短期财务杠杆保持当前水平或略有下降

  受样本企业整体盈利水平增长以及对外投资支出放缓影响,样本企业全部债务规模增长放缓,2014年6月末样本企业全部债务总额为2,029.03亿元,较年初仅增长4.09%。2014年以来样本企业债务增长速度放缓明显,预计下半年债务增速将维持放缓态势。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

  2013年底样本企业平均资产负债率和全部债务资本比率分别为56.36%和46.20%,2014年上半年收益于盈利能力改善和债务规模增速同比下降,样本企业财务杠杆继续出现下降,截至6月末,样本企业平均资产负债率和全部债务资本化比率将至55.43%和44.76%。

  结合行业供需及价格判断,未来短期样本企业营收水平仍将继续增长,但增幅较上半年将略有降低。行业固定资产投资高峰已过,对外投资规模将继续减少,未来行业债务规模增幅有限,财务杠杆保持当前水平或略有下降。

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

上半年水泥行业盈利改善难掩需求疲态,下半年或再现旺季不旺

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Correlation

At the end of the Spring Festival, the market is highly concerned about the trend of sand and gravel in the new year. 2024 is an indisputable year of sand and gravel shrinkage. Demand is fatigue, supply is excessive, sand and gravel prices continue to decline in depth, profits are reduced, and labor pains are difficult to stop. In the new year of 2025, will we continue to struggle in the cold winter or break the ice?

2025-02-21 10:48:43

Jiang Xun also said that according to the current forecast situation of various institutions, the forecast center of real estate development investment in 2025 is about-9%, and the forecast center of new construction area is about-17%. According to the model prediction of China Concrete Network, the output of ready-mixed concrete in 2025 will be the same as that of The ratio interval was -5% ~ -10%, and the prediction center was biased to the lower edge of the interval.

2025-02-21 10:33:51

In this context, cement enterprises are facing unprecedented pressure to survive, and the transformation and upgrading of the industry is imminent. Only through technological innovation, management optimization and business transformation, can we find new development opportunities in this industry transformation.

2025-02-18 10:40:02

In 2024, due to the downturn of real estate and the slowdown of infrastructure growth, the demand of domestic cement industry continued to shrink, the profits of the industry declined sharply, and enterprises generally faced the dilemma of overcapacity and intensified price war. In this context, leading enterprises such as Conch Cement, Jidong Cement and Huaxin Cement have listed overseas development as the core strategic direction in 2025.

2025-02-17 13:23:10

Cement enterprises actively open up supply and demand channels, for both sides, is a mutually beneficial and win-win move, but also the key to promote the steady development of the entire construction industry.

2025-02-14 09:30:57

In the new cycle, let us use the power of the summit to break the shackles of "involution", explore the way to break through, and work together to promote the cement industry towards a new journey of high-quality development. See you in Hangzhou!

2025-02-10 15:38:26

China Cement Network will hold the 14th China Cement Industry Summit and TOP100 Award Ceremony in Hangzhou on March 13-14, 2025, and the C50 Market Forum at the same time.

2025-02-10 09:15:28

First, take a broad view of the main business areas and carefully develop the peripheral market; second, focus on the main business, moderately extend the industrial chain, and avoid overlong battle lines; third, train capital market talents, familiarize themselves with relevant economic and financial, laws and regulations, and improve the success rate of mergers and acquisitions.

2025-01-17 09:55:07

Overall, the demand for cement declined significantly in 2024. Although the overall decline in coal prices reduced the pressure on production costs, the average price of cement declined and the profits of the cement industry continued to shrink. Cement Big Data Research Institute estimates that the total profit of the cement industry in 2024 will be around 16 billion yuan (excluding non-cement business such as aggregates and overseas cement profits).

2025-01-16 09:44:17

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are the main demand market for sand and gravel aggregates, with a total annual demand of nearly 5 billion tons. Hubei is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, with natural geographical advantages, while relying on the advantages of water transportation, the production of sand and gravel will be transported to the downstream Yangtze River Delta hot sand and gravel market.

2025-01-14 15:21:52

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the price of cement in Northwest China is stable as a whole. The market demand of Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia continued to weaken, the shipments of most cement manufacturers dropped to a low point, and the overall price of cement remained stable.

2025-01-03 17:43:04

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, cement prices in the central and southern regions of Guangdong and northern Guangdong were lowered by about 20 yuan/ton this week, while the Pearl River Delta market was temporarily stable after falling. Cement prices in many places in Guangxi began to decline by 20-30 yuan/ton. Cement prices in the two lakes region are mainly stable, and cement prices in some areas have begun to pull back.

2025-01-03 17:39:32

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the cement market in southwest China is weak. In January, Chongqing continued to implement the policy of peak staggering and kiln shutdown for 25 days, which led to a decline in the inventory of enterprises in the region. Recently, some clinker production lines in Yunnan have been stopped at off-peak, and near the end of the year, leading enterprises intend to stabilize prices, and there is no significant change in the quotation of leading enterprises in many places in the week.

2025-01-03 17:36:40

Looking forward to 2025, we believe that the demand for cement will continue to decline under the background that the real estate has not yet stabilized and the infrastructure is limited, but the industry's awareness of "anti-involution" will continue to increase, coupled with the current good start, it is expected that the average price of cement will rise slightly, and the industry's profits will be restored to a certain extent.

2024-12-31 16:06:01

In the first half of 2024, Tianrui Cement sold 8.2 million tons of cement products, a decrease of about 3.8 million tons or 31.4% compared with about 12 million tons in the same period of 2023. The average price was approximately RMB227.0 per tonne, representing a decrease of RMB29.1 per tonne, or 11.4%, as compared to the same period last year.

2024-12-31 10:13:27

In this context, the 26th International Cement Technology and Equipment Exhibition will become an important platform to promote industry innovation, bringing together the world's top suppliers, displaying cutting-edge technology and equipment, and many conference activities will be carried out simultaneously during the exhibition, building a one-stop communication bridge for exhibitors and professional audiences, not only promoting domestic brands. It also helps overseas brands to enter China, thus building a more diversified and specialized global cement industry exchange platform.

2024-12-27 09:27:20

The price of C30 concrete in popular cities in China fluctuates between 233 yuan per square meter and 440 yuan per square meter, showing the price difference in different regions. Among them, the price of concrete in Duilongdeqing County of Lhasa City is the highest, reaching 440 yuan per square meter. The price of concrete in Huaxi District of Guiyang City is the lowest, which is 233 yuan/m3.

2024-12-24 13:52:50

Although there is no obvious improvement signal in the demand of cement industry next year, the basic demand is still there, and the decline of cement demand next year will be narrower than that of this year. With the continuous strengthening of self-discipline awareness of the industry and the increase of peak staggering, it is expected that the price of cement will continue to rise this year.

2024-12-23 15:55:58

According to the total data, in 2024, the main business income of Industrial Enterprises above the scale of concrete and cement products industry is expected to reach about 1.3 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year decline of about 16%, and the total profit of the industry is expected to be about 32 billion yuan, with a year-on-year decline of more than 40%.

2024-12-23 09:46:32

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the price of cement market in Northeast China is stable in the off-season.

2024-12-20 17:48:30

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the overall cement price in Northwest China is mainly stable. At the beginning of the month, some major enterprises in Ningxia notified an increase of 100 yuan/ton in cement price. At present, most enterprises have not followed up. In addition, the market is in the traditional off-season, and there are basically no new orders, so there is no actual transaction.

2024-12-13 18:31:41

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, the price increase in the Pearl River Delta market in central and southern Guangdong has not been implemented, and the market in Guangxi has fallen steadily. Cement prices in some core markets in Hunan and Hubei have been adjusted back in the early stage, and are brewing to push up again in recent days.

2024-12-13 18:28:28

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the southwest region of Sichuan is mixed; the demand performance in Chongqing is not good; the cement price in Kunming, Yunnan is pushed up by 50 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-12-13 18:22:00

According to the data center of China Cement Market, under the influence of the arrival of winter and the decrease of temperature, the construction activities in the Northeast market are reduced and the market demand is low.

2024-12-06 17:33:46

Looking forward to the future, the basic trend of economic recovery and long-term improvement has not changed. China's huge market scale will continue to guarantee a relatively considerable demand for cement. Cement enterprises should enhance their confidence and confidence, meet every challenge with a positive attitude, and jointly promote the sustainable and healthy development of the industry.

2024-12-05 13:46:50

Since 2022, cement consumption has deviated from the growth trend of infrastructure investment. Through the analysis of infrastructure investment, this paper finds that the main reasons for this phenomenon are the financial constraints of local governments and the structural changes of investment flow. According to the existing data, before 2035, the average annual decline of cement demand in highway construction is about 2% -4%.

2024-11-28 09:18:37

"Flood is not blocked by dredging", peak staggering production has helped the cement industry to create brilliance, but also delayed the window period of the industry to capacity, so that the problem of overcapacity is becoming more and more serious. At present, all kinds of disadvantages accumulated in the industry, in the final analysis, are overcapacity, it is imperative to go to capacity, and the cement industry is also the time for strong men to break their wrists.

2024-11-27 10:25:41

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the price of cement in Northwest China is mainly stable. In the middle of November, the temperature in Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang has dropped significantly, the market demand in some areas has come to an end, the impact of price changes on the market is limited, and there is no significant change in the external quotation of leading enterprises this week.

2024-11-22 17:32:34

According to the China Cement Market Data Center News, the price of cement in Sichuan, southwest China, is mixed; Yunnan is stable as a whole. Chongqing area has been pushing up since November, according to the feedback from leading enterprises, the price is relatively stable after the rise, and the enterprises that did not rise in place in the early stage have also increased by 20-30 yuan/ton in the near future.

2024-11-22 17:27:34

In the first three quarters of 2024, the overall performance of 18 listed companies continued to be poor, with almost all revenues declining, all profits of profitable enterprises declining, and nearly half of them falling into a loss state.

2024-11-22 16:15:43

According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, the cement output from January to September in 2024 is 1326.7 million tons, with a year-on-year decrease of 10.7%; the industry expects that the profit of the whole industry in the first three quarters is only about 3.1 billion yuan, setting the worst record in decades. With the increasingly fierce competition among cement enterprises and the continuous decline of industry efficiency, how can enterprises adjust their development strategies, cross the industry cycle and usher in a new rise in performance? Only when you know yourself and your enemy can you fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat. If we can accurately grasp the data of industry production and operation demand in real time, it will be the key factor for enterprises to achieve market breakthroughs.

2024-11-12 10:13:04

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the overall market demand in Northwest China has declined, some kilns have been shut down, and most prices are stable. For example, the cement market demand in Gansu is weak at present, especially in Lanzhou and its surrounding areas, the inventory of some manufacturers is not high.

2024-11-08 17:27:44

Asia Cement said in the third quarter report that looking forward to the fourth quarter, the demand for cement will pick up to a certain extent. With the support of increasing peak staggering efforts, the contradiction between supply and demand of cement will be alleviated in stages. It is expected that the results of the increase in cement prices in the third quarter will be maintained until the end of the year, and the benefits of cement enterprises are expected to usher in marginal improvement.

2024-11-06 10:05:59

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in many places in Yunnan in southwest China has risen by 100 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed; Liangshan and Panzhihua in Sichuan have also begun to push up by 50 yuan/ton. In Guizhou, some major manufacturers in Qiannan, Qianxinan, Zunyi, Tongren and other regions have recently raised the cement price by 10-40 yuan/ton, while the quotation in other regions has been stable for the time being.

2024-11-01 17:32:29