水泥:只有“打”出来的天下 没有“让”出来的利益!

2019-11-11 09:20:14

看似行情大好的水泥行业,在相对平静的水面下仍然是暗流涌动。从2016年的“寒冬”破冰而来,在利润不断攀升的背景下,大家似乎已经渐渐遗忘了以往需求惨淡下的“你死我活”,用一派表面平和的景象维持着行业当前局面。

  日前,多家水泥企业发布三季度业绩报告,不出意外,全部喜讯……其中,行业龙头企业之一的海螺水泥在三季报中表示,2019年前三季度,海螺水泥实现营业收入破千亿,达到1107.56亿元,同比增长42.37%;归属于上市公司股东净利润238.16亿元,同比增长14.96%。前三季度基本每股收益为4.49元,同比增长14.96%。

  实际上,近年来国内水泥价格持续高涨,据中国水泥网数据显示,从2016年2月到目前全国水泥价格指数上涨73,涨幅达到94%左右。在利润方面,1-9月,全国水泥行业实现营业收入7199亿元,同比增长14.3%,比整个工业增速高9.8个百分点,利润总额1318亿元,同比增长25.3%,比整个工业增速高27.4个百分点。

  然而,看似行情大好的水泥行业,在相对平静的水面下仍然是暗流涌动。从2016年的“寒冬”破冰而来,在利润不断攀升的背景下,大家似乎已经渐渐遗忘了以往需求惨淡下的“你死我活”,用一派表面平和的景象维持着行业当前局面。

  行业产能严重过剩,涨价是否可持续?

  是强劲的市场需求带动了水泥价格的上涨,创造利润新高吗?

  恰恰相反,水泥行业漂亮的成绩单背后,是严重的产能过剩问题。资料显示,水泥的全国平均产能利用率约在66%左右,处于历史最低位,有些地区的产能利用率甚至只有30%。

  在产能过剩严重背景下,水泥价格的不断上涨归因于几个方面:一是错峰生产常态化,错峰生产本意是为了避免采暖期水泥生产污染物与采暖锅炉排放叠加,减轻大气污染问题,但目前某些地区错峰生产很大程度上已心知肚明成为了当地调节供需关系的有效手段。二是经历了前些年的行业大低谷之后,行业新秩序正在逐步建立,企业间竞合关系逐步形成,市场稳定性正在增强。三是环保限产,伴随着蓝天保卫战、环保督察等一系列环保政策的推进,要求水泥企业在特定时间内停产或者进行环保改造,水泥供给受限,企业运营成本随之增加。这种情形下,企业会通过涨价来转嫁成本。

  当前的水泥是否具有可持续性,影响价格稳定的痛点是什么?

  以贵州为例,由于贵州往年基建进度快,投资大,一定程度上提前消耗了水泥需求潜力。进入2019年以来,随着扶贫攻坚工作的逐步收尾,贵州水泥需求步入下行周期,甚至被认为已步入东北断崖式下滑的后尘,水泥价格也一蹶不振。

  此外,贵州经济发展水平偏低,也导致水泥需求后续缺少支撑,加之产能严重过剩,今年以来贵州水泥行情几乎呈现一路下滑态势。相关数据显示:今年1-9月份贵州全省综合销量约7050万吨(其中包含1000万吨省外输出销量),产能利用率为65.7%,省内需求对产能使用率为56.4%,销量同比下滑10%,市场需求同比下滑26%。

  与全国水泥普涨截然相反的是贵州区域日前再现年内最低价水泥——180元/吨。较此前价格直降100元/吨左右,引起各方人士的普遍关注。而此次降价据悉是贵州区域一龙头企业采取不跟随其他企业一同涨跌的措施,意欲争夺更多市场份额。

  市场需求的不足,产能的严重过剩,叠加区域企业竞合关系变化,贵州区域的水泥价格大跌似乎在情理之中。这也给全国水泥行业敲响警钟,产能过剩问题就像一颗足以打破市场格局的定时炸弹,若不能从根本上解决,行业利润恐怕难以保持高增长。

  水泥企业何去何从?

  水泥行情大好给了竞争力相对较差的水泥企业一棵救命稻草,部分前些年已经停产或濒临停产的企业重新焕发生机,在当前利润日益增高的情况下也分得一杯羹。

  但需要指出的是,这些企业的获利某种程度上更像是龙头企业致力于提升行业效益后的“施舍”,在市场需求尚未断崖前形成的竞合关系让这些企业获利颇丰,但倘若市场需求的下滑,以及产能过剩的严峻性已经无法通过水泥价格的上涨来转移困境,利益面前,这些竞争力较差的企业是否能安然无恙?

  而另一方面,在目前的市场环境下,这些竞争力较差的企业之所以能够赚钱,主要在于其大量消耗自然环境资源,本质上是不公平竞争。随着国家和地区政府对于环保指标的监管日益严苛,这些企业在技术改进和资金投入方面会面临巨大的威胁和挑战,在市场份额竞争中将失去自己的优势。

  综上,笔者认为,在当前行情形势大好,各大水泥龙头企业纷纷通过产能置换新建、扩建竞争力更强的水泥熟料生产线之际,那些竞争力相对较弱的水泥企业或可通过收购、重组等方式退出水泥行业,在竞争还没有“头破血流”之前,将自己“卖出”好价钱不失为企业战略转型的一种有效途径。

  同时,水泥行业呈周期性发展,未来可能会有一个滑坡期,所以水泥企业更应眼光长远,提前布局,紧握当下利润稳上升的良好形势,在市场洗牌前提高自己的核心竞争力。一是要下足本钱,提升自身的技术装备,实现多功能并向高端高质量发展;二是深化去产能工作,推进企业超低排放、绿色矿山建设,以及绿色化、智能化改造等,在市场“寒冬”到来之前切实提高自己的竞争力。

  天下熙熙皆为利来,天下攘攘皆为利往。任何行业在市场经济面前,只有“打”出来的天下,没有“让”出来的利益!行业的趋好不在于利润上升后的“共同富裕”,而在于行业的成长是否符合绿色、公平,以及高质量的发展核心。

  水泥同仁们!真的应该居安思危了!

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Correlation

In the short term, under the background of seasonal weakening of demand and unsolved inventory pressure, cement prices still have downward space, which may lead to further correction of concrete prices.

2025-05-16 17:11:20

According to China Cement Market Data Center, the northwest cement market is weak, prices in Ningxia and Gansu continue to loosen downward, while prices in Shaanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang are temporarily stable.

2025-05-16 16:49:51

According to China Cement Network Market Data Center, the cement market in southwest China as a whole showed a weak downward trend, with stable prices in Sichuan and Chongqing, and intensified competition in Yunnan and Guizhou.

2025-05-16 16:44:03

According to the China Cement Net Market Data Center, prices in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong continued to fall this week due to continuous rain and intensified market competition, while the rest of the market was temporarily stable after falling.

2025-05-16 16:37:16

On May 16, the National Concrete Price Index (CEMPI) closed at 99.81 points, down 0.53% annually and 16.48% year-on-year.

2025-05-16 16:34:23

According to China Cement Market Data Center, cement prices in East China are generally under pressure, with cement prices in Shanghai and Jiangsu falling by 50-70 yuan/ton.

2025-05-16 16:32:54

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, cement prices in Northeast China tried to push up around May 1, but the actual implementation effect was limited.

2025-05-16 16:29:38

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in southern Hebei failed to rise, the cement market in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei was weak and stable, and the price in central and western Inner Mongolia generally fell.

2025-05-16 16:21:46

Zhou Yuxian said that cement workers have never been afraid of difficulties and obstacles. The more complex the situation is and the more arduous the task is, the more we should strive to break through difficulties, seek changes and open up new situations. Here are three suggestions to share with you.

2025-05-15 14:35:35

The Eighth Council of China Cement Association has completed its historical mission, and the Ninth Council will usher in a more mature, more perfect and more influential leadership team.

2025-05-15 09:25:19

Since the beginning of May, the transaction price of cement in many markets in Fujian has slightly loosened and declined by about 10-20 yuan/ton.

2025-05-13 13:45:50

Around May 10, some leading enterprises in the region continued to loosen the price of cement in the Pearl River Delta region by 10-15 yuan/ton.

2025-05-13 13:17:39

It is understood that since March 25, plus this time, cement prices in Henan have experienced six rises and falls in cement prices in one and a half months. The problems faced by Henan cement industry are quite complex, simply speaking, the sharp contradiction between supply and demand and the difficulty of coordination are two aspects.

2025-05-13 10:27:33

Since May 10, Henan has been notified to raise the price of cement by 20 yuan/ton.

2025-05-12 14:04:42

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the northwest cement market is weak, the prices of Shaanxi and Ningxia continue to loosen, the demand of Gansu is weak, and the demand of Qinghai and Xinjiang is rising, but the market confidence is insufficient.

2025-05-09 18:03:55

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the cement market in southwest China as a whole shows a weak trend. Prices in Chengdu, Chongqing and other places in Sichuan and Chongqing declined by 10-20 yuan/ton respectively.

2025-05-09 18:01:04

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the rainy season is approaching, the rainy weather is increasing, the market demand is weak, and the price of cement in many markets in central and southern China is weak.

2025-05-09 17:57:27

According to China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement and clinker in the Yangtze River Delta region of East China has gradually dropped by about 20-35 yuan/ton, and some large factories officially announced a downward adjustment on May 1. Cement prices in Fujian and Jiangxi are weak and stable.

2025-05-09 17:53:16

According to China Cement Market Data Center, the cement market in Northeast China has implemented the fourth round of price increase under the leadership of major enterprises in Liaoning Province. Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces have also announced price increases, showing the unified action taken by cement enterprises in the region to improve profitability.

2025-05-09 17:24:53

Rising in the north and falling in the south, deepening the differentiation pattern of the national cement market

2025-05-09 16:53:05

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in southern Hebei was raised by 20-50 yuan/ton, and the market recovery needs to be further observed; the market in Shanxi was under weak pressure and stable, and the local market in northern Shanxi followed the decline; the supply and demand in Inner Mongolia was in weak balance.

2025-05-09 16:38:19

After the May Day holiday, the price of cement in Henan dropped by about 10 yuan/ton again.

2025-05-09 15:26:32

Next, Shandong Cement Industry Association will continue to firmly grasp the "bull nose" of normal peak staggering production, and make positive contributions to stabilizing market order, improving the overall efficiency of the industry, and promoting the healthy and high-quality development of the industry.

2025-05-09 11:56:35

China Cement Network Market Data Center news shows that around April 23, due to the general regional market demand, the sales volume of leading enterprises is generally 6-7%, the market competition pressure is greater, coupled with the poor implementation of the policy of off-peak kiln shutdown, the cement price in Wuhan has fallen again, with a cumulative decline of about 30 yuan/ton. At the end of April, the overall demand in Wuhan, Hubei and Eastern Hubei was general, the sales volume of leading enterprises was generally reduced to 4-5%, the market competition was fierce, coupled with the poor implementation of the policy of off-peak kiln shutdown, the price in Eastern Hubei fluctuated downward, and the cement price generally dropped by 10-20 yuan/ton around May Day.

2025-05-08 15:55:51

Recently, some leading enterprises in Guangxi have generally notified the local market to lower the cement price by about 20-30 yuan/ton.

2025-05-08 15:00:54

May 4-8 Hebei Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, Handan and other areas of cement enterprises have been notified to raise cement prices by 20-50 yuan/ton.

2025-05-08 14:35:09

Around the beginning of May, the actual transaction prices of some transit warehouses and enterprises in Fuzhou, Sanming and other places in Fujian began to loosen and fall by about 10-20 yuan/ton.

2025-05-07 16:35:03

Around May 1, some major manufacturers in Yangjiang, Maoming and Yunfu areas in western Guangdong notified a reduction of cement prices by about 20 yuan/ton.

2025-05-07 16:31:59

Prices in Wuhan, Hubei and eastern Hubei fluctuated downward, and cement prices generally dropped by 10-20 yuan/ton before and after May Day.

2025-05-07 14:21:29

The price in the north is stable and the south is under pressure, and the disturbance of rainy season intensifies regional differentiation.

2025-04-30 17:14:46

Recently, prices in Tongling, Chizhou and other areas along the Yangtze River have begun to pull back, with a decline of about 30 yuan/ton. In addition, prices in northern Anhui, Hefei and other regions have also fallen, and it is understood that the cumulative decline in northern Anhui is around 40 yuan/ton.

2025-04-30 16:08:57

According to China Cement Network Market Data Center, the northwest cement region is divided, the price of Guanzhong in Shaanxi Province has fallen slightly due to the impact of low prices, while the demand in Ningxia and Gansu is weak and the price is low and stable.

2025-04-30 15:33:08

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the cement market in Chongqing is affected by rainy weather, the demand is weak, the price of cement in some areas is reduced by 20-30 yuan/ton again, and the cement market in Sichuan is also weakening.

2025-04-30 15:26:47

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the rainy season is approaching, the rainy weather is increasing, the market demand is weak, and the price of cement in many markets in central and southern China is weak.

2025-04-30 15:19:45

According to China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement and clinker in the Yangtze River Delta region of East China has gradually dropped by about 20-35 yuan/ton, and some large factories officially announced a downward adjustment on May 1. Cement prices in Fujian and Jiangxi are weak and stable.

2025-04-30 14:52:43

According to China Cement Network Market Data Center, in order to improve the profitability of cement enterprises in Liaozhong, the third round of price increase has been implemented, and the implementation of peak staggering production in the region is in good condition, and the first two rounds of price increase are in place. The price increase notice of Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces indicates that the price of cement in the region shows an upward trend.

2025-04-30 14:50:22

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei cement market declined; the market in Shanxi and Inner Mongolia was light, and the price in some areas declined by 10-30 yuan/ton.

2025-04-30 13:26:50

In recent days, the transaction prices of some major enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region are still showing signs of decline, and the range is expected to be around 10-15 yuan/ton.

2025-04-30 10:18:03

On the evening of April 28, Shijing Technologies released its performance report for the first quarter of 2025. In the first quarter of this year, the company achieved a revenue of 735.0742 million yuan and a net profit of 52.8906 million yuan, turning losses into profits in a single quarter; its gross profit margin reached 18.66%. According to the data, Shijing Technology, founded in 2005, is a leading enterprise in comprehensive R & D and manufacturing of environmental pollution control with high technology level. Its products are widely used in power, steel, photovoltaic, semiconductor, cement, automobile and other industries.

2025-04-29 16:41:03

Around the 27th, some major enterprises in Ningbo, Wenzhou, Taizhou, Zhoushan and other places in Zhejiang Province slightly lowered the price of cement by 10-15 yuan/ton.

2025-04-29 14:49:02

Recently, cement prices in many markets in central and southern Jiangsu have been loosened and lowered by about 15-30 yuan/ton.

2025-04-29 14:26:33

Affected by the precipitation weather, the demand for cement in the main city of Chongqing and western Chongqing is low. In order to increase sales, some cement enterprises have recently lowered the price of cement by about 20-30 yuan/ton.

2025-04-29 11:41:16

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the demand in Northwest China is weak, the demand in Guanzhong of Shaanxi has reached the peak, but the enterprises have stabilized the price to support the market, and the pressure of dark drop is looming; the price depression in Ningxia continues to impact the market in Gansu and Shaanxi; the situation of maintaining stability in Xinjiang is remarkable.

2025-04-25 17:28:03

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the demand for cement in southwest China is weak, the price of cement in Chongqing is weak and stable, and the fatigue in Yunnan is pushed up.

2025-04-25 17:20:00

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, cement prices in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong continue to decline, and Guangxi is weak and stable. Cement prices in the two lakes region generally fell.

2025-04-25 17:12:37

On April 25, the National Cement Price Index (CEMPI) closed at 125.55 points, down 0.22% month-on-month and up 16.52% year-on-year..

2025-04-25 16:56:49

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the price of cement in central and southern Zhejiang has dropped by about 20 yuan/ton, the scope of price reduction in the Yangtze River Delta market has expanded, and the overall market price has changed from dark to bright around the end of the month.

2025-04-25 16:53:38