水泥:只有“打”出来的天下 没有“让”出来的利益!

2019-11-11 09:20:14

看似行情大好的水泥行业,在相对平静的水面下仍然是暗流涌动。从2016年的“寒冬”破冰而来,在利润不断攀升的背景下,大家似乎已经渐渐遗忘了以往需求惨淡下的“你死我活”,用一派表面平和的景象维持着行业当前局面。

  日前,多家水泥企业发布三季度业绩报告,不出意外,全部喜讯……其中,行业龙头企业之一的海螺水泥在三季报中表示,2019年前三季度,海螺水泥实现营业收入破千亿,达到1107.56亿元,同比增长42.37%;归属于上市公司股东净利润238.16亿元,同比增长14.96%。前三季度基本每股收益为4.49元,同比增长14.96%。

  实际上,近年来国内水泥价格持续高涨,据中国水泥网数据显示,从2016年2月到目前全国水泥价格指数上涨73,涨幅达到94%左右。在利润方面,1-9月,全国水泥行业实现营业收入7199亿元,同比增长14.3%,比整个工业增速高9.8个百分点,利润总额1318亿元,同比增长25.3%,比整个工业增速高27.4个百分点。

  然而,看似行情大好的水泥行业,在相对平静的水面下仍然是暗流涌动。从2016年的“寒冬”破冰而来,在利润不断攀升的背景下,大家似乎已经渐渐遗忘了以往需求惨淡下的“你死我活”,用一派表面平和的景象维持着行业当前局面。

  行业产能严重过剩,涨价是否可持续?

  是强劲的市场需求带动了水泥价格的上涨,创造利润新高吗?

  恰恰相反,水泥行业漂亮的成绩单背后,是严重的产能过剩问题。资料显示,水泥的全国平均产能利用率约在66%左右,处于历史最低位,有些地区的产能利用率甚至只有30%。

  在产能过剩严重背景下,水泥价格的不断上涨归因于几个方面:一是错峰生产常态化,错峰生产本意是为了避免采暖期水泥生产污染物与采暖锅炉排放叠加,减轻大气污染问题,但目前某些地区错峰生产很大程度上已心知肚明成为了当地调节供需关系的有效手段。二是经历了前些年的行业大低谷之后,行业新秩序正在逐步建立,企业间竞合关系逐步形成,市场稳定性正在增强。三是环保限产,伴随着蓝天保卫战、环保督察等一系列环保政策的推进,要求水泥企业在特定时间内停产或者进行环保改造,水泥供给受限,企业运营成本随之增加。这种情形下,企业会通过涨价来转嫁成本。

  当前的水泥是否具有可持续性,影响价格稳定的痛点是什么?

  以贵州为例,由于贵州往年基建进度快,投资大,一定程度上提前消耗了水泥需求潜力。进入2019年以来,随着扶贫攻坚工作的逐步收尾,贵州水泥需求步入下行周期,甚至被认为已步入东北断崖式下滑的后尘,水泥价格也一蹶不振。

  此外,贵州经济发展水平偏低,也导致水泥需求后续缺少支撑,加之产能严重过剩,今年以来贵州水泥行情几乎呈现一路下滑态势。相关数据显示:今年1-9月份贵州全省综合销量约7050万吨(其中包含1000万吨省外输出销量),产能利用率为65.7%,省内需求对产能使用率为56.4%,销量同比下滑10%,市场需求同比下滑26%。

  与全国水泥普涨截然相反的是贵州区域日前再现年内最低价水泥——180元/吨。较此前价格直降100元/吨左右,引起各方人士的普遍关注。而此次降价据悉是贵州区域一龙头企业采取不跟随其他企业一同涨跌的措施,意欲争夺更多市场份额。

  市场需求的不足,产能的严重过剩,叠加区域企业竞合关系变化,贵州区域的水泥价格大跌似乎在情理之中。这也给全国水泥行业敲响警钟,产能过剩问题就像一颗足以打破市场格局的定时炸弹,若不能从根本上解决,行业利润恐怕难以保持高增长。

  水泥企业何去何从?

  水泥行情大好给了竞争力相对较差的水泥企业一棵救命稻草,部分前些年已经停产或濒临停产的企业重新焕发生机,在当前利润日益增高的情况下也分得一杯羹。

  但需要指出的是,这些企业的获利某种程度上更像是龙头企业致力于提升行业效益后的“施舍”,在市场需求尚未断崖前形成的竞合关系让这些企业获利颇丰,但倘若市场需求的下滑,以及产能过剩的严峻性已经无法通过水泥价格的上涨来转移困境,利益面前,这些竞争力较差的企业是否能安然无恙?

  而另一方面,在目前的市场环境下,这些竞争力较差的企业之所以能够赚钱,主要在于其大量消耗自然环境资源,本质上是不公平竞争。随着国家和地区政府对于环保指标的监管日益严苛,这些企业在技术改进和资金投入方面会面临巨大的威胁和挑战,在市场份额竞争中将失去自己的优势。

  综上,笔者认为,在当前行情形势大好,各大水泥龙头企业纷纷通过产能置换新建、扩建竞争力更强的水泥熟料生产线之际,那些竞争力相对较弱的水泥企业或可通过收购、重组等方式退出水泥行业,在竞争还没有“头破血流”之前,将自己“卖出”好价钱不失为企业战略转型的一种有效途径。

  同时,水泥行业呈周期性发展,未来可能会有一个滑坡期,所以水泥企业更应眼光长远,提前布局,紧握当下利润稳上升的良好形势,在市场洗牌前提高自己的核心竞争力。一是要下足本钱,提升自身的技术装备,实现多功能并向高端高质量发展;二是深化去产能工作,推进企业超低排放、绿色矿山建设,以及绿色化、智能化改造等,在市场“寒冬”到来之前切实提高自己的竞争力。

  天下熙熙皆为利来,天下攘攘皆为利往。任何行业在市场经济面前,只有“打”出来的天下,没有“让”出来的利益!行业的趋好不在于利润上升后的“共同富裕”,而在于行业的成长是否符合绿色、公平,以及高质量的发展核心。

  水泥同仁们!真的应该居安思危了!

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Correlation

Near the end of the year, the domestic concrete market demand continued to weaken, the cost support declined compared with the previous period, and the price of concrete in many places declined steadily. From December 19 to December 25, the national concrete price index closed at 111.39 points, down 0.80% annually and 10.97% year-on-year.

2024-12-27 17:40:19

China Cement Net Market Data Center News: Weak and Stable Operation of Commercial Mixed Prices in Northwest China

2024-12-27 17:25:59

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the price of cement in Northwest China is stable as a whole. Prices in Shaanxi have remained stable in the near future.

2024-12-27 17:23:41

North China concrete market continues to weaken

2024-12-27 17:18:40

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, cement prices in the central and southern regions of Guangdong and Guangxi have generally declined this week, and cement prices in the two lakes regions are mainly stable. Recently, the temperature in Henan has dropped significantly, the main core market is affected by heavy pollution weather, the construction progress is limited, the market demand is weak, coupled with the poor implementation of some enterprises, the market competition is intensified.

2024-12-27 17:17:01

Southwest concrete market demand performance is general, mainly stable.

2024-12-27 17:13:50

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the southwest regions of Sichuan and Yunnan are running weakly; the cement market in Chongqing is weak and stable, and the attempt to push up has not caused price fluctuations; Recently, the price of cement in some areas of Guizhou has been slightly loosened, the overall market is mainly weak, and the demand is still poor, only about 2-3% of the normal level. At present, most of the clinker lines in the province are basically in a state of shutdown, and the inventory is high.

2024-12-27 17:13:46

Weak operation of concrete market in Northeast China..

2024-12-27 16:45:10

The price of concrete in central and southern China is slightly loosened.

2024-12-27 16:29:22

Cement prices of enterprises in Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Nanjing and other places continued to decline by about 15-30 yuan/ton around 24-26 days.

2024-12-26 13:32:58

Demand is low, and cement prices of some enterprises in Guangxi have been lowered by 25-30 yuan/ton recently.

2024-12-25 15:50:51

Recently, cement transaction prices of some major enterprises in the Pearl River Delta and western Guangdong have fallen by about 15-30 yuan/ton.

2024-12-25 15:44:35

Although there is no obvious improvement signal in the demand of cement industry next year, the basic demand is still there, and the decline of cement demand next year will be narrower than that of this year. With the continuous strengthening of self-discipline awareness of the industry and the increase of peak staggering, it is expected that the price of cement will continue to rise this year.

2024-12-23 15:55:58

Under the influence of low temperature weather, the market demand in Jiangsu and Shanghai is not ideal, and concrete shipments have declined compared with the previous period. In addition, the price of local raw material cement and sand has fallen, and the concrete market is weak and stable. The weather in Zhejiang is mostly fine, the demand has not changed significantly compared with last week, and the overall price is temporarily stable in the week. Affected by the cold weather and weak demand in Anhui, the price of raw materials has declined, and the price of concrete has also remained weak and stable.

2024-12-23 11:35:18

There is no doubt that the document of double control of production capacity has come into effect. The cement industry in Sichuan Province is in line with the cement industry in Chongqing, working together to stagger the peak. Starting from 2025, the peak staggering production situation will be reported quarterly, and the government departments will carry out supervision.

2024-12-23 11:31:33

On the demand side of the ready-mixed concrete industry, this round of demand cycle has ended, and before the arrival of the next consumption cycle, the ideal state is that the demand enters a plateau or slowly declines, and the possibility of sustained decline is greater; on the supply side, the situation of serious overcapacity in the concrete industry can not be fundamentally reversed in the short term.

2024-12-23 10:03:36

Off-season construction conditions are gradually weakening, concrete market demand is weak, and enterprise quotations are mainly stable, with a slight decline in some areas. From December 12 to December 18, the national concrete price index closed at 112.29 points, down 0.03% annually and 10.35% year-on-year.

2024-12-22 20:17:53

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in many places of Sichuan in the southwest region declined slightly; the price of cement in the main urban area of Chongqing continued to rise by 50 yuan/ton after falling; the price of cement in Kunming area of Yunnan continued to rise by 50 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-12-20 17:56:57

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, prices in the Pearl River Delta and western Guangdong markets in central and southern China have loosened and declined, while prices in Guangxi remain stable. Cement prices in many places in Hunan have risen again, and prices in Hubei are mainly stable.

2024-12-20 17:55:11

According to China Cement Net Market Data Center, the price notice in central and southern Zhejiang and coastal markets in East China was raised by 10-20 yuan/ton this week, and the implementation remains to be observed, while the rest of the market is running steadily and weakly as a whole.

2024-12-20 17:53:03

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the cement market in North China, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei is weak, pushing up the implementation of fatigue; the cement market in Shanxi is weak, and Inner Mongolia maintains stable operation.

2024-12-20 17:51:19

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the price of cement in Northwest China is stable as a whole. Prices in Shaanxi have remained stable in the near future.

2024-12-20 17:49:52

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the price of cement market in Northeast China is stable in the off-season.

2024-12-20 17:48:30

Raw material prices continue to decline, and the concrete market in East China is weak..

2024-12-20 17:19:48

North China concrete market continues to weaken

2024-12-20 17:12:30

Northeast concrete market stagnation, weak and stable market

2024-12-20 16:58:31

Raw material prices are lower, and concrete prices in some parts of central and southern China are slightly loose..

2024-12-20 16:43:46

Recently, the price of cement in the main urban area has dropped by about 30 yuan/ton.

2024-12-18 16:52:50

The cement big data of overseas clinker production lines has covered 108 countries on five continents, with a coverage rate of more than 85% in terms of cement consumption, and the total number of clinker production lines is more than 1500, which can be queried by one key through cement big data.

2024-12-18 15:06:04

Since the 18th, some leading enterprises in Zhejiang have notified many places to raise the cement price by 20 yuan/ton.

2024-12-18 13:04:33

Since the middle of the year, cement prices of some major manufacturers in the Pearl River Delta region have continued to fall by 10-20 yuan/ton.

2024-12-18 13:00:56

Affected by the cooling and rainy weather, the construction progress slowed down, the market demand in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai weakened, and the shipment of concrete decreased. At the same time, the price of raw materials such as cement and sand has fallen, and the cost of concrete production is difficult to increase. In terms of price, the quotation of major manufacturers was weak and stable during the week. At present, prices have been stabilized everywhere, but the overall market situation is not optimistic.

2024-12-16 09:47:22

What is happening in the cement industry?

2024-12-16 07:01:05

With the decline of temperature, the demand of concrete market in most regions of the country has further weakened, and enterprises mainly focus on stabilizing prices. From December 5 to December 11, the national concrete price index closed at 112.32 points, with a stable ring-to-ring ratio and a year-on-year decline of 10.24%.

2024-12-15 11:02:18

Raw material prices continue to decline, and the concrete market in East China is weak.

2024-12-13 19:14:52

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the overall cement price in Northwest China is mainly stable. At the beginning of the month, some major enterprises in Ningxia notified an increase of 100 yuan/ton in cement price. At present, most enterprises have not followed up. In addition, the market is in the traditional off-season, and there are basically no new orders, so there is no actual transaction.

2024-12-13 18:31:41

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, the price increase in the Pearl River Delta market in central and southern Guangdong has not been implemented, and the market in Guangxi has fallen steadily. Cement prices in some core markets in Hunan and Hubei have been adjusted back in the early stage, and are brewing to push up again in recent days.

2024-12-13 18:28:28

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the southwest region of Sichuan is mixed; the demand performance in Chongqing is not good; the cement price in Kunming, Yunnan is pushed up by 50 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-12-13 18:22:00

The concrete market in southwest China is mainly stable.

2024-12-13 16:43:51

Weak and stable operation of concrete market in North China

2024-12-13 16:38:55

The price of commercial mixing in central and southern China is stable and small.

2024-12-13 16:31:19

The concrete market in Northeast China stagnates and the demand is low under the influence of low temperature.

2024-12-13 16:30:01

The production cost of major enterprises in Henan has increased by a wide margin, and many cement enterprises have generally expressed a strong willingness to raise prices, and announced an increase of 50 yuan/ton in cement prices on the 12th.

2024-12-13 15:16:24

Recently, the concrete market in Hubei has remained stable as a whole. Affected by the falling price of raw cement in some regions, the price of concrete has dropped slightly by about 5 yuan per square meter..

2024-12-13 15:10:24

Near the end of the year, the domestic concrete market demand continued to weaken, the cost support declined compared with the previous period, and the price of concrete in many places declined steadily. From December 19 to December 25, the national concrete price index closed at 111.39 points, down 0.80% annually and 10.97% year-on-year.