Under the trend of global carbon neutrality, the cement industry, as a major carbon emitter, is facing the dual challenges of energy costs and environmental pressures. Traditional production relies on fossil fuels and has high carbon emissions. Alternative fuel heat treatment technology has become a key transformation path, through biomass, refuse derived fuels and other alternative fossil fuels, carbon reduction potential is significant.
However, there is still a big gap between the domestic cement industry and the developed countries in Europe and the United States in terms of the substitution rate of alternative fuel heat.
Recently, China Cement Network interviewed Wang Junjie, a thermal expert at the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, focusing on "alternative fuel heat treatment technology and its application in the cement industry" to share cutting-edge technological achievements and landing experience.
1. The current average heat substitution
rate of alternative fuels in the domestic cement industry The extensive use of alternative fuels in the cement industry in China began around 2022, when the coal price remained high, and even the price of 5500 kcal/kg bituminous coal to the plant reached 1500-2000 yuan/ton. Alternative fuels, such as tire pyrolysis carbon black, waste textile, plastics, domestic waste oversize, etc., have a much lower price per unit heat than coal, which promotes the popularization and application of alternative fuels in the cement industry.
In the following years, with the promotion of GB 16780 "Energy Consumption Limit of Cement Unit Products" and the incorporation of cement industry into the national carbon trading market, the utilization rate of alternative fuels (that is, the heat substitution rate of alternative fuels) in the cement industry has made considerable progress. For example, in 2024 , Huaxin Cement used a total of 4.41 million tons of alternative fuels, and the proportion of domestic kiln line alternative fuels in primary energy consumption has reached 26.7%; Conch Cement alternative fuels accounted for 13% of coal consumption; The thermal substitution rate of Tianshan material alternative fuel is 4.0%.
However, from the overall point of view of the national cement production line, according to the "Special Action Plan for Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction in Cement Industry" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and other four ministries and commissions, "by the end of 2025, the proportion of cement kilns using alternative fuel technology production lines will reach 30%, and the proportion of alternative fuel consumption in cement industry will strive to reach 10%". There is still a certain distance.
2. The main factors
affecting the rapid promotion of alternative fuels in the cement industry (1) The supply
of alternative fuels is at a low level in terms of the ratio of per capita waste production to cement production capacity. This determines that the available alternative fuel resources of cement enterprises are relatively limited from the supply-demand relationship;
(2) The coal price has dropped
significantly in the past two years, resulting in the price of alternative fuels per unit calorific value being equivalent to or even higher than coal price, and it is "unprofitable" for cement enterprises to use alternative fuels;
(3) Competition
for alternative fuel resources in other industries in the past two years, in addition to the cement industry, such as electricity, steel, lime and many other industries are introducing alternative fuels, such as biomass and other high-quality alternative fuels are also used to manufacture liquid fuels, which has a significant impact on the use of alternative fuels in the cement industry. In addition, the cement industry has suffered a serious decline in profits in the past two years, and is at a disadvantage in the competition for alternative fuel resources;
(4) The standards for the production and use of alternative fuels are still not perfect , which restricts the processing of alternative fuels and the use of cement enterprises.
At present, the cement industry is facing the double test of energy saving, carbon reduction and industrial intelligence upgrading. In order to implement the relevant policy requirements and accelerate the green low-carbon transformation and high-quality development of the cement industry, China Cement Network is scheduled for September 23-24. The 14th China Cement Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology Exchange Conference and the 6th Intelligent Summit Forum were held in Zibo, Shandong Province. This conference will bring together industry experts, enterprise representatives and many industry stakeholders to gather group wisdom and promote energy-saving, environmental protection and intelligent transformation and upgrading of the cement industry. During
the meeting, we will also organize a visit to the demonstration project of Qingzhou Zhonglian Cement Co., Ltd. with an annual output of 200000 tons of carbon dioxide oxy-fuel combustion coupled carbon capture.
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