In the area under the jurisdiction of Pingguo City, there are some "peculiar mud hills". In the early years, due to the immature technology and the high cost of treatment, the "mud hills" have been slowly "growing" until the production of cement with red mud as raw material continues to be put into actual production, and the "mud hills" have been given a new mission.
"Mud hill" is formed by the accumulation of red mud, which is an industrial solid waste produced by extracting alumina from bauxite. Reducing the production and pollution of red mud and realizing the comprehensive utilization of red mud has always been a major problem faced by the aluminum industry. Nowadays, red mud has been turned into cement and applied to buildings as a new material, which not only effectively solves the problems left over by the history of red mud piles, but also opens a new market door for the green development of Baise industry.
The annual discharge of red mud is as high as 16 million tons, causing great pressure
on the environment. Baise City is the main bauxite resource-rich area in China. There are 5 alumina production enterprises and 10 red mud storage yards (warehouses). The storage of red mud over the years is about 155 million tons, and the annual output is about 16 million tons. The reporter learned from the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology that if the red mud is not processed, the cost of new red mud storage in our city is about 32 million yuan per year according to the calculation of 20 yuan/ton of new red mud per year. Over the years, the storage and annual production of
red mud have been increasing, and a large number of red mud can not be effectively utilized, but can only be stockpiled, which not only occupies a large amount of land, but also has great environmental risks. The scientific and safe stacking of
red mud yard is of great importance. In recent years, Baise has continuously strengthened the daily management of red mud yards, established the information management system for the whole process of solid waste from red mud producing enterprises, and truthfully recorded the type, quantity, flow direction, storage, utilization and disposal of industrial solid waste, so as to realize the traceability and inquiry of industrial solid waste. At the same time, we should strengthen the investigation and management of potential environmental risks in red mud yards, regularly update and improve the "one reservoir and one file" of red mud yards in our city, comprehensively implement the environmental contingency plan filing system of red mud yards, and strengthen the environmental supervision of groundwater in red mud yards and the daily investigation of potential environmental risks. In the flood season every year, the red mud yard will be investigated for potential environmental safety hazards, and all kinds of potential environmental risks found in the investigation will be checked and corrected, one item will be completed and one item will be cancelled, so as to eliminate the potential environmental risks in time.
From simple storage to comprehensive utilization, red mud can play its due value
and reduce the amount of red mud storage in order to fundamentally solve the environmental pollution problem of red mud storage yard. Over the years, Baise has steadfastly implemented the green development strategy and never stopped the research on the comprehensive utilization of red mud. As early as 2009, the production test of extracting iron concentrate from waste red mud in Guangxi Branch of China Aluminum Co., Ltd. was successful, which opened up a new way for the harmless treatment and comprehensive utilization of red mud. In recent years, with the intensification of national efforts to advocate circular economy and promote energy conservation and emission reduction, Baise has also accelerated the pace of comprehensive treatment of red mud, so that this "misplaced resource" can play its due value.
In the central control room of Guangxi Huazhong Building Materials Co., Ltd., glass bottles containing ash, red mud, limestone debris and bauxite tailings are displayed. After several processes, they become cement and are applied to the building again. Through the cement clinker production process, red mud and other silica-alumina materials are mixed in an appropriate proportion as raw materials in the production of cement clinker, which is an effective way for the harmless treatment of red mud. This not only solves the problem of resource demand for cement production, but also facilitates the treatment of red mud waste residue and improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources. The person in charge of the company said that industrial solid waste has accounted for more than 50% of the company's raw materials. The project of
Guangxi Huazhong Building Materials Co., Ltd. for comprehensive utilization of red mud with an annual processing capacity of 500,000 tons is one of the key projects of 40 "demonstration bases for comprehensive utilization of mineral resources" in China, and is also a supporting project for the project of Guangxi Branch of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited with an annual processing capacity of 400,000 tons of self-provided generating units for molten aluminum. The overall planning of the project is to produce 6 million tons of ecological cement annually. The first phase of the project has been completed and ignited in December 2020, and a circular economy industrial chain of "industrial production-waste residue-building materials" has been established.
How to change the treatment of red mud from simple storage to large-scale comprehensive utilization? The reporter learned from the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology that our city has made some progress in the research on the comprehensive utilization of red mud. There are eight enterprises for the comprehensive utilization of red mud. At present, there are four main paths for the comprehensive utilization of red mud: one is to recover iron and gallium from red mud. Guangxi Tiandong Jinxin Chemical Co., Ltd., Guangxi Branch of China Aluminum Co., Ltd., Jingxi Xinfa Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Guangxi Jingxi Yinjian Red Mud Comprehensive Utilization Co., Ltd., Guangxi Dongmao Renewable Resources Development Co., Ltd., Guangxi Debao Gallium Industry Co., Ltd., Tiandong Jinxin Rare Metal Materials Co., Ltd. The annual red mud treatment capacity is 13.1 million tons, the annual iron concentrate extraction capacity is 1.893 million tons, and the gallium extraction capacity is 120 tons. Second, Guangxi Huazhong Building Materials Co., Ltd. has successfully applied the technical route of producing cement with red mud as raw material. The first phase of the cement production line has been put into operation, with a mixing ratio of 9% and an annual digestion of 50,500 tons of red mud. The third is to process red mud into new high-efficiency smelting auxiliary materials needed by steelmaking enterprises, which have been successfully applied by Guangxi Sanqiushu Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. and Guangxi Zhongrong Metallurgical Technology Research Co., Ltd. to digest 74,700 tons of red mud annually. Fourthly, in the aspect of ecological vegetation restoration of red mud, Guangxi Branch of China Aluminum Co., Ltd. has carried out experimental research on soil vegetation cultivation technology of red mud, and realized the cultivation of various plants on the third phase of red mud. According to statistics, in 2022, the comprehensive utilization of red mud in our city is about 1.8 million tons, and the utilization rate is about 11%.
Turning waste into treasure, Baise has initially realized the comprehensive utilization of solid waste such as red mud, and in practice, "green water and green hills are Jinshan and Yinshan" into a vivid reality. Next, Baise will continue to improve the level of comprehensive utilization of red mud, on the one hand, strictly control the overload production of alumina enterprises, improve the production process of alumina, and improve the dissolution rate of alumina. On the other hand, we will promote the research and engineering demonstration of red mud soil disposal and subgrade application technology of Guangxi Branch of China Aluminum Co., Ltd. and promote the construction of pilot base for comprehensive utilization of red mud of Zhongxing Environmental Protection Technology (Guangxi) Co., Ltd. to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of red mud.
In addition, on March 15-16, 2023, China Cement Network will hold the "2023 China Cement Industry Summit and TOP100 Award Ceremony" in Hangzhou, when the national cement and related industry colleagues will gather together to discuss the future trend of the cement market. Stay tuned.
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