需求见顶、量价双减:水泥市场竞争加剧,企业去库增收难

2022-06-23 09:57:59

水泥需求持续疲软,激化行业供需矛盾。

需求见顶、量价双减,水泥行业产能过剩问题被推至台前。

国家统计局数据显示,1-5月规模以上水泥产量78348万吨,同比减少15.3%;其中5月规模以上水泥产量20280万吨,同比减少17%,创近9年新低。

中国水泥网·大数据研究院水泥分析师李坤明对澎湃新闻记者表示,6月受高温、梅雨天气、农业活动等影响,水泥进入传统淡季,需求或持续疲软。

澎湃新闻了解到,今年水泥价格因年后气温回升、施工条件转好,2月底开始上涨,至3月中旬受多地疫情散发影响,开始步入下行通道。3月至5月底是水泥行业传统旺季,今年上半年水泥量价齐跌,未出现旺季行情。

数据来源:中国水泥网

据中国水泥网数据,上周全国水泥平均价格448元/吨,环比下滑12.1元/吨。价格下跌地区仍集中在华北、华东、中南和西南等地,幅度20-50元/吨。6月21日全国水泥价格指数(CEMPI)148.31,较去年同期下滑0.56%,华东水泥价格指数141.79,同比下跌13.04%。

天风证券在研报中表示,6月受传统淡季因素影响,国内水泥市场需求弱势运行,重点地区企业水泥平均出货率维持在6成左右,库存居高不下,市场竞争愈演愈烈,多数地区价格跌至成本线附近,局部地区跌破完全成本,处于亏损状态。

去库压力大

水泥是国民经济建设的基础原材料,广泛应用于房地产和铁路、公路、机场、港口、水利工程等大型基建项目。业内认为,房产行业和基建投资是水泥行业的“晴雨表”,这两者开工情况或直接影响水泥需求。

国家统计局数据显示,今年1—5月份,全国房地产开发投资52134亿元,同比下降4%;1—5月份,房屋新开工面积51628万平方米,同比下降30.6%。1-5月,基础设施投资(不含电力)同比增长6.7%。

国务院出台的一揽子33项稳经济举措中提出,抓紧完成今年专项债券发行使用任务,加快今年已下达的3.45万亿元专项债券发行使用进度,在6月底前基本发行完毕,力争在8月底前基本使用完毕。业界普遍认为,在专项债等因素推动下,基建领域有望迎来进一步发展。

李坤明表示,水泥下游房地产占比大,房地产行业持续降温对水泥需求形成一定拖累,稳增长背景下基建发力预期较强,但基建项目难以立竿见影,预计下半年水泥市场需求仍然承压。

中金研报表示,在地产下行、基建资金到位时滞、疫情封控、梅雨天气的多重影响下,2022年夏季水泥淡季可能从5月延续至8月,较往年明显拉长,需求下滑幅度或亦明显较深。

水泥需求持续疲软,激化行业供需矛盾。

数据来源:中国水泥网

据中国水泥网数据,2017年到2021年水泥库位总体运行于65%以下,平均值为58%,今年水泥库位和熟料库位从3月中旬以来持续攀升,目前超70%。

目前,全国各省份陆续执行夏季错峰停窑计划,广东、山西等部分省份追加错峰生产天数,多数企业停窑天数超过错峰计划天数。

李坤明说,在需求长期疲软背景下,水泥企业解决去库压力主要有两种手段:一种是行业整体加大错峰生产力度;另一种是通过市场化方式降价,即以成本优势降价去库,逼迫部分企业停产甚至退出,提高行业集中度。

重回市场化竞争

上述分析师表示,当水泥行业市场不断做大时,水泥行业竞合协同更有利于企业发展,但在“双碳”和需求下行等多重因素影响下,市场化竞争或有助于行业大浪淘沙,提高优质产能,剔除过剩产能。

海螺水泥新任董事长杨军5月在对于目前水泥行业和公司发展进行分析时称,今年以来由于宏观经济形势下行、疫情反复、市场需求下滑等方面原因,行业发展遇到了一定困难。海螺水泥是一家市场化企业,要以市场为核心,充分发挥主观能动性,强化自身竞争力,赢得市场主动权。

业内解读海螺水泥“市场份额战略”或将终结水泥行业“竞合协同”格局,开启新一轮低价竞争。

安徽是海螺水泥的大本营,在该地区市场占比近59%。李坤明说,6月以来安徽多个地区水泥价格累计降超100元/吨,或是海螺水泥重回市场化竞争的信号。

长三角是水泥需求的主要区域,也是海螺水泥重点经营区域。自6月7日熟料价格通知下调30元/吨以来,华东地区水泥价格陆续下跌,月初价格425元/吨,截至目前环比下跌9%左右,同比跌超20%,接近成本价。据悉,全国PO42.5水泥生产成本约300元/吨。

李坤明表示,华东地区水泥价格是全国水泥市场价格的风向标,其下跌或直接拖累全国水泥市场。

值得注意的是,业内对于此次“价格战”的看法并不一致。

天风证券在研报中表示,近期局部地区价格竞争加剧引发市场悲观预期,但我们认为此次价格战本质是需求下滑幅度超预期引发的市场应对不足,并不意味着供给协同的破裂,在淡季之后新的竞合关系或将形成,三季度旺季价格仍可能会快速提涨。

在成本居于相对高位情况下,水泥行业低价竞争的直接结果就是减少利润。

澎湃新闻了解到,水泥最大的生产成本是煤炭,占比约55%,一般情况下,动力煤价格每上涨100元,水泥成本对应上涨10元至15元。截至目前,秦皇岛5500千卡动力煤价格在1300元/吨左右,相比去年930元/吨的价格,高出40%。

数据显示,今年一季度,水泥行业上市公司净利同比减少16.95%。李坤明预计,在下半年需求如期恢复情况下,今年水泥行业整体效益同比上一年或出现约20%左右的下滑。

骨料成新增长点

随着水泥行业利润提升进入瓶颈期,拓展全产业链成为企业保证整体收益以及稳住水泥市场的重要手段,骨料行业成为水泥企业进行扩张的重点方向。

中国水泥网不完全统计,2022年至今,国内砂石骨料拟建项目近百个,合计产能预计将超过3亿吨/年,其中水泥企业拟建产能占比预计30%左右。

海螺水泥表示,“十四五”期间,将加快推进全产业链发展,全力推进骨料产业发展,力争实现3亿吨骨料产能目标。截至2021年底,海螺水泥骨料产能6580万吨,2022年预计全年新增骨料产能4400万吨。

天山股份则表示,骨料是公司水泥产业的延伸,是做强产业链的需要,是新的业务增长点。目前骨料行业进入转型升级、工业化大规模生产阶段,环保绿色的矿山将成为主流。

年报数据显示,2021年海螺水泥骨料产品毛利率65.7%;冀东水泥骨料产品毛利率45.06%。天风证券表示,骨料业务仍然维持高水平,预计未来骨料业务有望继续保持较快增长。

低迷的水泥行情何时能迎来复苏?市场格局变动之下,水泥行业又将面临哪些新挑战,获得哪些发展新机遇?2022年7月11-12日,中国水泥网将在杭州举办“2022中国水泥产业峰会暨TOP100颁奖典礼”,本次会议以“新挑战 新机遇 新生态”为主题,诚邀各位嘉宾一起深度探讨当前及未来水泥行业发展新态势,共襄盛举、共谋发展!

All can be viewed after purchase
Correlation

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the overall market demand in Northwest China has declined, some kilns have been shut down, and most prices are stable. For example, the cement market demand in Gansu is weak at present, especially in Lanzhou and its surrounding areas, the inventory of some manufacturers is not high.

2024-11-08 17:27:44

According to China Cement Market Data Center, cement prices in central and southern China rose steadily this week, pushing up 30-50 yuan/ton in Guangxi, and some low-priced enterprises reported an increase of 70 yuan/ton. This week, cement prices in eastern Hubei have gradually fallen back to the level before the last round of rise, and cement prices in many places in Hunan continue to rise.

2024-11-08 17:23:08

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in Chongqing in the southwest region is pushed up by 50-100 yuan/ton, and the implementation is to be observed; the price in Zhaotong in Yunnan is pushed up by 50 yuan/ton, and the implementation is to be observed; the price in Nanchong, Guang'an and Suining in Sichuan is pushed up by 50 yuan/ton, and the price in Yibin and Luzhou is partially dropped.

2024-11-08 17:19:35

With the support of special debt, the local capital situation has been improving and the downstream construction has been accelerated. In addition, the self-discipline awareness of enterprises has been strengthened, the intensity of peak staggering and production restriction has been strengthened, and the national cement prices continued to rise in October due to the favorable macro and real estate policies.

2024-11-07 15:05:51

Asia Cement said in the third quarter report that looking forward to the fourth quarter, the demand for cement will pick up to a certain extent. With the support of increasing peak staggering efforts, the contradiction between supply and demand of cement will be alleviated in stages. It is expected that the results of the increase in cement prices in the third quarter will be maintained until the end of the year, and the benefits of cement enterprises are expected to usher in marginal improvement.

2024-11-06 10:05:59

In October, with the gradual decline of the national temperature, the northern project came to an end, and there was a small-scale rush to work in some areas, while the southern construction activities increased, the demand warmed up, and the shipment volume increased slightly. On the supply side, a number of sand and gravel aggregate projects have been successfully put into operation, production capacity has been released rapidly, sand and gravel prices have stopped falling slightly, and have entered a narrow range of volatility.

2024-11-05 11:42:36

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in many places in Yunnan in southwest China has risen by 100 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed; Liangshan and Panzhihua in Sichuan have also begun to push up by 50 yuan/ton. In Guizhou, some major manufacturers in Qiannan, Qianxinan, Zunyi, Tongren and other regions have recently raised the cement price by 10-40 yuan/ton, while the quotation in other regions has been stable for the time being.

2024-11-01 17:32:29

Looking forward to the fourth quarter, we believe that the demand for cement will continue to weaken, but under the background of the rising voice of "anti-involution" and the increasing awareness of self-help in the industry, enterprises will intensify their efforts to limit production, cement prices are expected to rise, and industry benefits will continue to be restored. Throughout the year, cement demand will face greater downward pressure, and the industry's profit decline is still large.

2024-10-30 17:15:19

Real estate is one of the major downstream markets for sand and gravel aggregates. Since 2021, the real estate market has been declining, resulting in a sharp decline in demand for sand and gravel aggregates for real estate. Recently, the favorable policies of real estate are frequent, whether it can drive the demand for sand and gravel aggregates to stop falling and stabilize..

2024-10-29 15:13:46

Recently, the construction in the south is relatively active, the local market demand is warming up, coupled with the increasing pressure on the cost side, the market price trend is stable and small. From October 17 to October 23, the national concrete price index closed at 112.14 points, down 0.02% annually and 10.65% year-on-year.

2024-10-25 17:29:24

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, the Pearl River Delta in central and southern Guangdong is planning to continue to push up cement prices by 30-50 yuan/ton around the end of the month, and the Guangxi region is temporarily stable. Cement prices in Hunan and Hubei continued to rise by 30-50 yuan/ton.

2024-10-25 17:23:23

The pressure of market competition in East China is greater, and the rise in concrete prices is fatigue..

2024-10-25 16:49:34

According to China Cement Market Data Center, the demand in Sichuan and Chongqing in Southwest China has improved, and the cement price has been steadily promoted; the price increase in Yunnan and Guizhou may be blocked. It is understood that the fourth quarter of Yunnan plans to implement peak staggering production for 51-60 days, affected by the policy, the output of enterprises in the region has declined, and the inventory has declined slightly.

2024-10-18 17:38:28

According to the data center of China Cement Market, cement prices in many places in East China continue to rise, and prices in some areas show signs of falling, and the specific situation needs to be tracked. For example, cement prices in Jiangxi are basically stable this week. Since the 8th, all parts of Jiangxi have been notified to push up the cement price by 20-30 yuan/ton. At present, the market is generally in a stable state after the price increase, and the price has not fluctuated significantly.

2024-10-18 17:33:36

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in Lanzhou-Baiyin area of Gansu Province has risen by 10 yuan/ton; the prices in Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Shaanxi are stable. Affected by the big drop in temperature, rain and snow before the festival, the market demand in Qinghai has declined significantly. As the weather cleared up, cement sales in the region rebounded, and the market showed signs of warming up.

2024-10-12 17:29:56

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the market price of Sichuan and Chongqing in the southwest region continues to rise; Yunnan region is weak and stable; Zunyi, Guizhou has notified to raise the cement price by 10 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-10-12 17:26:43

After the National Day, the domestic concrete market demand rebounded slightly, but the total amount is still relatively weak, concrete enterprises are mainly shipping at stable prices, and have not yet followed the rise of raw materials. From October 3 to October 9, the national concrete price index closed at 112.82 points, in line with the National Day holiday, with a year-on-year decline of 10.21%.

2024-10-12 17:25:54

According to China Cement Market Data Center, cement prices in central and southern Guangdong, western Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta region will be raised by 20-30 yuan/ton this week, and cement prices in Guangxi will also be raised. The Hubei region continued to push up 30-50 yuan/ton, the overall market in Hunan was stable and small, and the Yueyang region was notified to rise.

2024-10-12 17:23:19

The price of raw materials is pushed up, and the price of concrete in southwest China is mainly stable temporarily.

2024-10-12 15:13:04

Limited improvement in demand in October, coupled with excessive price increases in some areas around the National Day, it is difficult to maintain the follow-up, and it is expected that cement prices will show a slightly stronger trend in October.

2024-10-12 09:57:40

Recently, the domestic market demand in some areas has improved slightly compared with the previous period, but the overall situation is still weaker than same period in history, and the price of concrete remains stable and weak. From September 19 to September 25, the national concrete price index closed at 112.82 points, down 0.10% annually and 10.45% year-on-year.

2024-09-27 17:57:56

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center news, the implementation of cement prices in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong in the central and southern regions is general, while the Guangxi region is stable and declining. Eastern Hubei and other regions plan to push up the price of cement by 30 yuan/ton again. Driven by the price increase in eastern Hubei, individual market prices in Hunan have been notified to rise again.

2024-09-27 16:48:15

The price of raw material cement in many places in southwest China continues to rise, or will affect the price of concrete..

2024-09-27 15:42:03

Market demand has not improved, although the price of raw materials has been pushed up, the price of concrete is mainly stable.

2024-09-27 15:20:26

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, cement prices in the Pearl River Delta market in central and southern Guangdong are planned to stop falling and rise again, while prices in individual markets in Guangxi have experienced a second round of decline. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, the range of price increases in the two lakes areas has been extended to the whole province, pushing up by about 30 yuan/ton. Since the 10th, some major manufacturers in Henan have pushed up the price of cement by 30 yuan/ton, but the actual implementation is not ideal, some enterprises have not implemented in place, and the quotation remains at the level before the rise.

2024-09-20 17:10:16

Major enterprises in Guangdong plan to raise the price of cement by about 30 yuan/ton from the Pearl River Delta market on the 21st.

2024-09-20 16:23:10

The price of raw material cement in Chongqing and Sichuan continues to rise, and the price of concrete may rise slightly..

2024-09-20 15:11:23

In the first half of the year, China's cement output fell by 10% year-on-year, the price of P.O42.5 bulk cement fell by 18% year-on-year, both volume and price fell, and the whole industry lost money in the first half of the year, which was rare in history. Similar to the decline in domestic cement demand, cement demand in neighboring South Korea has also fallen sharply this year, but the price performance has been unusually strong. Facing the same decline in demand and overcapacity, why are the prices of the two countries different?

2024-09-18 11:46:02

Recently, the price of raw materials has shown an upward trend again, but due to the lack of new orders in the concrete market and the fierce competition among enterprises, the focus of transactions continues to decline steadily. From August 29 to September 4, the national concrete price index closed at 113.17 points, down 0.45% annually and 11.09% year-on-year.

2024-09-06 17:22:16

The price of raw materials in the Yangtze River Delta region of East China has been rising, and the price of concrete is weak and stable.

2024-09-06 12:01:33

On September 1, some leading enterprises in Guangxi notified many places to reduce the price of cement by about 20-30 yuan/ton.

2024-09-02 15:30:59

Most regions in China are affected by capital factors, lack of construction increment downstream, no improvement in concrete market demand, and downward pressure on local quotations. From August 22 to August 28, the national concrete price index closed at 113.68 points, down 0.42% annually and 11.12% year-on-year.

2024-08-30 17:31:27

Recently, due to the persistent cost pressure in the south, the price of concrete has risen slightly with the raw materials, but the growth of market demand is limited, and the overall quotation is still stable. From October 31 to November 6, the national concrete price index closed at 112.47 points, up 0.31% annually and down 10.11% year-on-year.