调查报告 | 219家水泥生产、贸易企业及下游施工单位调查报告

2022-08-17 17:45:28

近期下游水泥需求从低位有所恢复,三成水泥企业发运率已恢复至去年同期水平,但多数调查企业对下半年传统基建行业需求信心不足,希望政策加大力度提振需求、尽快促投资形成实物工作量,此外行业成本上行、资金周转速度慢等问题也比较突出,需提升行业运转效率、提高行业运行质量。

国家发改委价格监测中心联合中国水泥网于7月下旬对全国六大区共计219家水泥生产、贸易企业及下游施工单位进行在线问卷调查。调查显示,随着疫情好转、一揽子稳经济政策推动落地,近期下游水泥需求从低位有所恢复,三成水泥企业发运率已恢复至去年同期水平,但多数调查企业对下半年传统基建行业需求信心不足,希望政策加大力度提振需求、尽快促投资形成实物工作量,此外行业成本上行、资金周转速度慢等问题也比较突出,需提升行业运转效率、提高行业运行质量。

一、上半年水泥需求偏弱,近期部分企业出货有所恢复

调查数据显示,今年以来,受房地产需求下滑、疫情对施工进度形成扰动等因素影响,上半年水泥需求较去年同期明显下降。随着疫情好转和稳经济一揽子政策推动落实,近期水泥需求从低位恢复,有部分水泥生产企业发运率已恢复至往年水平。

上半年水泥需求量降幅较大。问卷调查数据显示,约90%水泥生产企业和75%的贸易商上半年水泥及熟料销量、贸易量较去年同期下降,其中,一半以上的水泥生产企业、贸易企业同比降幅在20个百分点及以上。下游施工单位中,约65%的企业上半年完成施工产值同比下降,约45%的企业上半年完成施工产值同比降幅在20个百分点及以上;54%的施工单位认为今年上半年施工进展远不及预定计划,29%的施工单位认为施工进展略低于预定计划。

上半年水泥库容比处于高位运行。从对水泥生产企业调查数据看,近60%的水泥生产企业在上半年库存较高,61%的企业在5、6月份面临高库位的问题,90%的企业中高库位(库容比高于50%)至少持续了两个月,部分企业上半年长期处于高库位运行。

近期约三成水泥生产企业发运率已从低位恢复至去年同期水平及以上。上半年水泥发运率持续低位运行。据中国水泥网水泥大数据研究院数据,上半年全国水泥日均发运率不到35%,低于去年同期超过25个百分点。按往年经验,7月全国日均水泥发运率一般在70%左右。问卷调查当周,有24%的水泥生产企业水泥发运率高于70%,约7%的企业水泥发运率高于90%(为旺季水平);和去年同期相比,23%的企业反映水泥发运率已与去年同期持平,约10%企业水泥发运率同比增长。

二、企业期待政策进一步发力,市场信心亟待提升

从调查问卷统计情况看,调查企业对市场总体信心整体偏弱,行业资金周转效率低、成本高增也是当前存在的主要问题。

(一)市场信心整体偏弱

大部分调查对象对今年下半年水泥及项目施工需求信心偏弱。84%的被调查企业认为今年下半年行业需求弱于去年同期,其中,有58%的企业认为下半年行业需求将较大幅度弱于去年同期。

图1调查对象对下半年行业需求预期偏弱

市场主体期盼政策进一步发力。水泥的需求强弱是传统基础设施建设等实物工作量大小的直接反映指标之一,从调查数据看,81%的企业认为“没有感觉到政策作用,水泥需求/开施工情况变动不大”或“政策发力不足,还需进一步加大力度”。

图2被调查企业期待政策进一步发力

(二)行业运行存多项痛点堵点问题

企业账期延长、资金周转效率低。调查显示,65%的水泥贸易商存在账期延长,资金链条紧张的问题,64%施工单位存在工程进度款项到位较慢,资金周转速度慢的问题。贸易商应收账款回款周期有所延长,近70%的贸易商反映今年上半年应收账款回款周期较去年同期延长,其中31%的企业回款周期延长3个月及以上。

工程进度款项支付比例还有待提升。工程进度款支付比例过低将增加企业资金压力、不利于建设市场秩序、不利于保障农民工权益。按现行规定,工程进度款支付比例应不低于已完成工程价款的60%、不高于已完成工程价款的90%,自2022年8月1日起,政府机关、事业单位、国有企业建设工程进度款支付应不低于已完成工程价款的80%。但调查显示支付比例还有待提升,68%的施工单位工程进度款项支付比例小于60%,支付比例在80%以上的企业不到10%。

生产成本上行。煤炭是水泥主要生产原料之一,由于煤炭价格同比上涨较多,水泥生产成本提升,据调查,近90%的水泥生产企业反映原材料成本压力较大;此外,54%的施工企业反映建安成本等生产成本增长较多,31%的贸易企业反映融资成本上行。

此外,还有部分企业反映当前水泥产能过剩问题依然突出;在水泥“短腿”运输的特性下,存在区域垄断问题;疫情也对物流效率形成拖累;项目审批中存在流程复杂流程长等问题。

三、多措并举稳信心促发展

此次调查共收到70余条建议,被调查企业多期盼基建投资尽快尽多形成实物工作量,期盼稳住房地产行业,并希望进一步提高行业运转效率、提升行业运行质量。

(一)促投资形成实物工作量,增强企业发展信心

调查企业多建议加快基建项目开工落地并形成实物工作量,增强政策对项目的支持力度,并尽快稳定房地产市场需求,从而感受到实实在在的获得感,提振发展信心。一是加快推进基建项目开工落地。当前,基础设施投资项目建设资金、项目储备较为充足,截至6月底,各地发行新增专项债3.41万亿元,已发行的新增专项债券共支持超过2.38万个项目,推动基建项目尽快开工落地既利当前又利长远。应在统筹疫情防控与生产安全同时,加快各部门间运转效率,着力破解要素保障、审批办理等问题,加快项目开工和建设进度,尽快形成实物工作量。

二是用好用足现有财政金融工具。利用好政策性开发金融工具,解决项目资本金到位难问题;除政策性银行信贷支持外,引导商业银行加大对基建项目的中长期贷款支持。

三是多举措稳定房地产市场。对于问题楼盘,各地应深入摸排并结合实际情况,采用回购地块、成立纾困基金、第三方房企开发代建等方式归类施策,确保“保交楼”“稳民生”;压实监管责任,加强对预售资金监管,确保房企预售资金用于房地产项目建设,保障工程款按期支付。

(二)稳成本畅资金流通,提升行业运转效率

降本增效是企业主要诉求。一是稳煤炭价格在合理区间运行。煤炭是企业生产成本的重要构成之一,稳煤价就是稳成本。应加快释放先进煤炭产能,提升煤炭安全稳定供应能力,加强煤炭市场价格监测监管力度,将煤炭价格稳定在合理区间内运行。二是提升资金运转效率。压实做好有关文件要求的“政府机关、事业单位、国有企业建设工程进度款支付应不低于已完成工程价款的80%”的落实工作,起到带头示范作用,减轻建筑单位资金压力,加大对企业的信贷支持,鼓励引导商业银行灵活处理企业因疫情导致的逾期、额外息费问题。

(三)严监管强自律调结构,促进行业健康发展

一是对区域垄断等强监管。由于水泥“难储存、运距短”的特点,容易形成区域内垄断,应加强监管力度,严厉打击达成垄断协议、滥用市场支配地位等垄断行为,严厉打击低价倾销和其他不正当竞争行为,维护行业公平竞争的市场秩序;二是加强行业自律。协会要做好反垄断法、反不正当竞争法的宣贯工作,维护企业合法权益;按照《关于进一步做好水泥常态化错峰生产的通知》要求,倡导行业企业做好常态化错峰生产,促进行业平稳健康可持续发展。三是加快淘汰过剩和落后产能,推进绿色化发展。要严格执行水泥产能减量置换政策,坚决遏制违规新增产能,继续推进过剩和落后产能淘汰退出,同时贯彻绿色发展要求,推进水泥行业绿色低碳节能减排技术应用,促进行业高质量发展。

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Correlation

According to the report, in the second half of 2024, the external environment is still complex and severe, and the operation and development still face many risks and challenges. From the perspective of the industry, in the second half of the year, the marginal demand for cement improved, the supply compression continued to increase, and the contradiction between supply and demand in the industry was prominent. From the company's point of view, strategic opportunities and risks coexist, uncertainties increase, the complexity and severity of the business situation, the heavy and arduous tasks continue to intensify.

2024-08-27 11:20:44

Recently, major enterprises in Jiuquan and Jiayuguan have lowered the price of cement by about 20-30 yuan/ton.

2024-08-23 17:28:42

Affected by the environment in East China, demand has not improved, and prices in some areas have fallen this week.

2024-08-23 17:17:05

Due to the rainy weather in Zhejiang, the market demand is general, and the shipment volume is about 6-7%. In order to promote sales, some manufacturers reduce the price of cement, and try to push up the price to enhance market confidence, but the actual implementation remains to be observed. The overall market demand in Jiangsu has not improved significantly, with shipments hovering at 4-6% of normal production capacity. Manufacturers in southern Jiangsu have reduced prices for promotion, while the markets in northern and central Jiangsu are expected to face a downward trend.

2024-08-16 16:37:36

According to China Cement Network Market Data Center, the market demand in southwest Sichuan and Chongqing continued to be weak, cement prices in some regions fell by 10-20 yuan/ton, and Yunnan-Guizhou region was mixed. The market demand continued to be weak due to the high temperature off-season in Sichuan and Chongqing, and some enterprises in Sichuan lowered the cement price to increase the shipment volume, while the original plan to raise the price in Chengdu was not implemented. The demand for cement in Chongqing is declining and the price is stable. Rainy weather in Yunnan is frequent, market demand is low, and prices in some areas have fallen after pushing up. Cement prices in Guizhou are generally stable.

2024-08-09 17:19:44

Due to the continuous high temperature weather in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the demand of construction industry has weakened, resulting in a general decline in cement sales, and the price of cement in some areas has dropped by 20-35 yuan/ton, among which Yangzhou, Taizhou, Huaian, Nanjing, Zhenjiang and other places in Jiangsu have been greatly affected. Due to the high temperature weather in Anhui, the construction site slowed down, the demand was weak, and the cement price in Ma'anshan, Chuzhou, Hefei and other areas was reduced by 10-20 yuan/ton. Cement prices in Zaozhuang, Linyi, Jining, Tai'an and other places fell by 10-30 yuan/ton due to cloudy weather and the resumption of clinker production in Shandong.

2024-08-09 16:18:24

According to China Cement Market Data Center, the demand and sales in southwest China are sluggish, cement prices in Sichuan and Chongqing continue to fall, and some regions have fallen back to the level before the price increase in June. Some markets in the surrounding Yunnan-Guizhou region are still pushing up in the week, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-08-02 17:25:15

According to the data center of China Cement Market, due to the low ex-factory prices in various regions, some regions began to resume pricing this week.

2024-08-02 16:30:32

Looking forward to the second half of 2024, we believe that the demand for cement will improve compared with the first half of the year, and the price will continue to rebound. However, under the constraints of weak demand and serious overcapacity, the repair of cement price is limited. Throughout the year, cement demand will face

2024-08-01 09:19:52

According to China Cement Network Market Data Center news, Guangdong, Hubei individual market notice to raise cement prices by 30-50 yuan/ton, the implementation remains to be observed. Cement quotations in other areas are basically stable and small.

2024-07-26 16:42:59

From the perspective of various factors, the cement industry was flat in the first half of the year, and in the second half of the year, under the stimulation of the steady growth policy, the physical workload of the project landing was expected to increase.

2024-07-25 10:00:09

In recent days, the leading enterprises in Chengdu-Deyang-Mianyang area have once again lowered the price of bulk cement by about 10-20 yuan/ton.

2024-07-22 13:57:20

Some regions in China are affected by high temperature and rain weather, coupled with insufficient new projects, the price of concrete is weakening. From July 11th to July 17th, the national concrete price index closed at 116.73 points, down 0.47% from the previous month.

2024-07-19 17:35:12

According to China Cement Market Data Center, cement prices in Sichuan, Chongqing and parts of Yunnan fell by 20-50 yuan/ton this week, and Guizhou continued to push up by 60 yuan/ton. Whether it can be implemented remains to be seen.

2024-07-19 17:19:24

According to China Cement Market Data Center, the actual turnover of cement in Guangdong and Guangxi local markets fell slightly by 10-20 yuan/ton this week, but the overall quotation of large factories stabilized. Cement prices in many places in the two lakes have fallen back to the level before the rise.

2024-07-19 17:14:59

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, heavy rainfall is prevalent in East China this week, with mountain torrents and floods in some areas. Many construction sites have been shut down, cement demand has plummeted, and cement prices have fallen slightly.

2024-07-12 15:40:36

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the price of cement in Guangdong and Guangxi markets has been stable after rising in the week. At present, the overall price of the two lakes region is mainly stable, and there is a decline in some areas.

2024-07-05 17:16:30

The terminal market demand is bleak, and the concrete price is weak and stable.

2024-07-05 16:46:41

Cement prices in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong rose by 20-30 yuan/ton in the second round of the month, and Guangxi may also have price expectations, according to the China Cement Market Data Center. Affected by the continuous rain weather in the two lakes area, sales in some areas stagnated.

2024-06-28 17:04:10

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, heavy rainfall is prevalent in East China this week, with mountain torrents and floods in some areas. Many construction sites have been shut down, cement demand has plummeted, and cement prices have fallen slightly.

2024-06-28 15:27:41

According to China Cement Network Market Data Center, after entering the Meiyu season, with the continuous rainfall causing many construction sites to be blocked, the demand for cement has decreased significantly, the market has entered a downturn, and cement prices in many places have fallen this week.

2024-06-21 15:20:15

According to the China Cement Network Market Data Center, this week, the second round of cement prices in Guangxi began to rise by 30-40 yuan/ton in a month, while cement prices in Guangdong were mixed.

2024-06-14 19:47:39

Demand is in the off-season, and the price of concrete is weak and stable.

2024-06-14 15:20:19

Recently, domestic demand is still relatively flat, the cost pressure of mixing stations is increasing, and the Northeast continues to rise. As of June 7, the national concrete price index closed at 118.42 points, down 0.11% annually and 13.07% year-on-year.

2024-06-07 00:41:49

The overall demand is flat, and the price of concrete is weak and stable.

2024-05-31 14:00:33

According to the market data of China Cement Net, the price of cement in Guizhou has bottomed out and rebounded. Around the 20th, enterprises in most parts of the province notified the price of cement to be raised by 20-50 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-05-24 15:36:32

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the overall demand for cement in East China has been bleak in recent years, and cement prices in many places have been lowered to varying degrees.

2024-05-17 17:31:09

China Cement Network Market Data Center News, the recent rise in raw material prices, cement production costs, the local market in Guangdong and Guangxi cement prices increased by 15 yuan/ton, the implementation remains to be observed. Prices in the two lakes, Henan and other markets fluctuated little during the week.

2024-05-11 16:38:40

According to the cement network market data center news, in the first ten days of Ningxia, some enterprises pushed up the price of cement 10-20 yuan/ton, the implementation of the situation is not clear. On the whole, the market demand in Northwest China is general, and the cement price is weak.

2024-04-26 15:12:56

Recently, some leading enterprises in Hanzhong have lowered the price of cement by about 20 yuan/ton.

2024-04-23 17:03:02

Generally speaking, the national cement price continues to rise, but the foundation is not solid, and the risk of falling back is high.

2024-04-22 12:35:11

In the first quarter of 2024, the demand for infrastructure fell short of expectations, housing projects continued to shrink, and the concrete industry continued to weaken. By the end of March, the National Concrete Price Index (CONCPI) closed at 122.38 points, down 1.8% from the beginning of the year. Compared with the same period in 2023, the concrete price index fell by 12.8%.

2024-04-22 10:18:23

According to the cement market data center news, the overall market demand is weak, and the cement market is weak.

2024-04-19 15:41:42

According to the data of China Cement Network, the overall market is weak, with prices falling by 15-40 yuan/ton in central and southern Hebei and north of Jinzhong.

2024-04-19 15:34:55

Not only in Hunan, but also in the whole Yangtze River Basin, the prospect of this round of price increases is worrying. According to the analysis of China Cement Network Cement Big Data Research Institute, the current supply and demand situation is still poor, the foundation of price increase is not solid, and the serious shortage of demand may be the main factor that makes this round of price increase difficult to implement.

2024-04-19 09:17:10

During the exchange, it was learned that the loosening of cement prices in Hexi area of Gansu Province was mainly due to the obvious decline in local cement demand and the impact of foreign cement.

2024-04-18 09:19:14

From January to March 2024, the cement output was 10,000 tons 33684, a decrease of 11.8% over the same period last year, an increase of 10.2 percentage points over the previous value. According to the full-caliber calculation, the output of cement in January-March decreased by 16.3% year-on-year.

2024-04-16 15:55:59

The current supply and demand situation is still poor, the basis for price increases is not solid, many enterprises are still on the sidelines, we should calmly look at this round of large-scale push up cement prices in the Yangtze River Delta region.

2024-04-15 17:49:07

Looking forward to the second quarter, with the gradual stabilization of real estate and the accelerated issuance of special bonds, demand is expected to continue to release, but we should also be alert to the adverse factors such as insufficient funds, the arrival of rainy season and busy farming season, the amount of project start-up may be variable, the overall demand may still be less than the same period, and the space for cement price to rise under high inventory pressure. It is expected that the profit level may be at a low level in recent years.

2024-04-12 16:16:19

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the market demand in East China is bleak this week, and the cement quotations of enterprises all over the country have declined.

2024-03-22 17:40:09

Raw material prices are falling, concrete prices are stable and falling..

2024-03-22 14:59:16

Since the first ten days of the year, leading enterprises have successively lowered the cement price by 10 yuan/ton in the main city market of Chongqing.

2024-03-20 17:09:14

Cement demand in 2024 is expected to continue the trend of the previous two years and continue to decrease. The downstream of cement is mainly divided into three parts: infrastructure, real estate and new rural construction. It is expected that the demand for infrastructure and rural market will remain stable. The key is whether the growth rate of real estate investment can stabilize and rebound, thus supporting the demand for cement.

2024-03-18 13:43:28

The price adjustment measures, on the one hand, is to reduce the price to stimulate sales, reduce inventory pressure in order to restart the production line; on the other hand, it is also to cope with the impact of Chongqing Conch Cement down the river.

2024-03-15 16:20:58

According to China Cement Network Market Data Center, the market demand in Jiangsu has recovered recently, and some major manufacturers in Yancheng have pushed up the price of cement by 10 yuan/ton since the 14th.

2024-03-15 16:03:55

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the overall market demand in Southwest China is still relatively low this week, and most of the construction sites have not yet started. The price of cement in some markets in Sichuan dropped by 10-30 yuan/ton, and the implementation of the price increase in the surrounding Guizhou market at the beginning of the month was not good. Other markets in Southwest China are relatively stable and prices have not changed much.

2024-03-08 16:21:11

As for the trend of the cement market in the later period, the enterprises interviewed generally believe that the market demand is expected to pick up after the end of the first quarter, and the cement price will also pick up.

2024-03-08 16:19:14