I. Population and Economy
South America is located in the southern part of the Southern Hemisphere, bounded by the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Pacific Ocean in the west, the Caribbean Sea in the north, and North America by the Panama Canal. South America includes 12 countries (Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, Venezuela, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Guyana, Suriname) and 1 region (French Guiana). In 2014, the total population of South America reached 411 million, of which Brazil is the country with the largest area and population in South America, accounting for 49% (200 million) of the total population of South America. In addition to Brazil, Colombia (49 million), Argentina (41.8 million), Venezuela (30.85 million) and Peru (30.76 million) have a population of more than 30 million.
Figure 1: Population share of countries in South America
Source: World Bank, China Cement Network, China Cement Research Institute
In 2014, the economic growth of South American countries slowed down to varying degrees, with the overall economy growing by only 0.7%, down 2.1 percentage points from 2013. Venezuela's economy fell into recession and shrank by 4% due to falling oil prices and domestic protests. The economic growth of Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Chile and other South American countries slowed down by more than 2 percentage points. ECLAC predicts that South America's economy will experience zero growth in 2015, and Brazil, Latin America's largest economy, is expected to shrink throughout the year.
Figure 2: Economic growth in South America slowed down in 2014, and Venezuela fell into recession
Source: World Bank, China Cement Network, China Cement Research Institute
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