2025, the foundation pit support structure of the underground parking lot construction project of the civilized home in Daxiang District of Shaoyang City collapsed partially, resulting in the collapse of most of the walls, playgrounds and Children's Palace (under the playground) and teaching buildings (erudite buildings) on the west side of the main campus of Zijiang School in Shaoyang City into the foundation pit without casualties. The direct economic loss is 8.8927 million yuan.
On October 8, the Emergency Management Department of Hunan Province published the Investigation Report on the "10.17" Collapse Accident of the Underground Parking Lot Construction Project of Civilized Home in Shaoyang, Hunan Province.
After investigation, it was found that the "10.17" collapse accident of the underground parking lot construction project of Shaoyang Civilized Home in Hunan Province was a production safety responsibility accident caused by the construction unit's failure to comply with the law and discipline, the major defects in the design drawings, the confusion in the management of the construction site, the nominal supervision, the falsification of monitoring data and the inadequate supervision of the relevant departments in the territory.
The accident happened
at about 14:00 on October 17, 2025. The earthwork excavation of the foundation pit was carried out at the south side of the middle part of the BC section of Zijiang School on the east side of the foundation pit support of the project. The work was finished at about 20:00, and the collapse occurred at 23:01. Video surveillance equipment in the playground of Zijiang School recorded the collapse process of foundation pit support from the side.
The collapse development process is as follows: at 22:57:41, the first abnormal sound occurred in the support structure on the east side of the foundation pit, at 22:58:56, the second abnormal sound occurred, from 22:59:13 to 23:00:14, multiple abnormal sounds occurred intermittently, and at 23:00:32, abnormal sounds occurred continuously. From 23:00:57 to 23:01:19, there was a continuous violent sound with the sound of falling objects, resulting in the overall collapse, resulting in a large area of collapse of the underground structure of the playground, which was dustpan-shaped, and the plastic lawn covered by the playground was dragging and falling. There was no one on the playground at the time of the accident. Causes
of
the accident (1) There are "congenital" major defects in the engineering design. The design unit set up a branch company to carry out business by joining in. The designers had no experience in deep foundation pit design and were not familiar with the site. They did not design according to the most unfavorable geological profile of the BC section on the east side of the foundation pit given in the survey report. The bearing capacity and deformation of the designed supporting piles did not meet the requirements of the specifications. There was a risk of damage to the supporting piles during the excavation of the foundation pit. There were major defects in the design documents. Zhonghe Engineering Design Co., Ltd. sealed and delivered the design document to the construction unit without organizing internal audit.
(II) Violation of rules, taking risks and acting recklessly in site construction. On November 21, 2024, when the construction was excavated to the first row of anchor rods at the crown beam, it was found that there was "bad geology" on the side of Zijiang School, black mud and seepage on the side wall, and there was a safety risk. According to the site survey, the designer submitted the electronic file of the revised design scheme to the construction unit on December 4, 2024, but it was not adopted. The construction unit required the construction party to continue the construction according to the original design scheme, and the design (monitoring), construction, supervision and other participating units did not raise objections and report to the regulatory authorities. According to the experience, if the construction is carried out according to the revised design scheme, the deformation and safety factors of the support system can meet the requirements of the specifications, which can effectively prevent the damage of the support structure and completely avoid the collapse accident. The construction unit modified the design without authorization after the construction drawing was examined and qualified, reduced the number of supporting piles in the original BC section by 2, added 2 at the west entrance, and changed the position of most of the piles in the south CD section without authorization.
(3) Falsification of monitoring data leads to the failure of early warning of potential risks. The construction unit signed a monitoring contract with Zhonghe Engineering Design Co., Ltd., which did not have the monitoring qualification, and fabricated a false third-party monitoring report (for more than three consecutive months, the horizontal displacement of the top of the crown beam was "0") to apply for resumption of work and cope with the inspection, resulting in the failure to detect the horizontal displacement or settlement of the top of the crown beam of the foundation pit in time.
(4) The supporting structure reaches the limit of bearing capacity, resulting in continuous collapse. According to the investigation group expert survey and numerical simulation analysis, the east side of the foundation pit (BC section) according to the "supporting pile + 2 rows of anchor rod" construction, the east side of the foundation pit (BC section) the most unfavorable profile position of the supporting pile top horizontal displacement and the depth of excavation of the foundation pit has a direct relationship, compared with the actual construction plan, the numerical simulation of the foundation pit excavation to 5 meters deep. The ground of the Children's Palace of Zijiang School will have subsidence deformation, and the simulation value is consistent with the ground subsidence and cracking phenomenon of the Children's Palace reported by Zijiang School in February 2025; The numerical simulation shows that when the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom of the pit (19m deep), the maximum lateral displacement of the supporting pile in the middle of the crown beam will exceed 80 mm. When the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom of the pit at 20:00 on October 17, 2025, the collapse will occur in less than 4 hours. The simulation is consistent with the actual situation of the accident. According to the numerical simulation, the process of foundation pit collapse is reproduced as follows: when the most unfavorable section of BC section is excavated to the bottom of the foundation pit, the anchor rod (or anchorage system) is destroyed first, the supporting pile is broken, and at the same time, the adjacent backfill, gravel layer and the interface of each layer are quickly connected into a sliding surface, which produces instability and forms a subsidence area, and the upper playground and Children's Palace collapse and slide after the foundation instability; At the same time, the displacement of the top beam expands from the most unfavorable geological profile to both sides, and the anchor rod pulls the moderately weathered calcareous siltstone to slide correspondingly. The moderately weathered calcareous siltstone in the south slides along the bedding structure to the foundation pit, and the rock stratum with vertical joints in the north falls down, thus forming the collapse of the whole BC section, resulting in the collapse of the upper playground and Children's Palace. It is
suggested that
the eight parties involved in the project have not fulfilled their quality and safety management responsibilities, and there are serious violations of laws and regulations in the project survey, design, construction, supervision, monitoring and other links. In particular, construction units are extremely indifferent to laws and regulations, wantonly reduce construction costs, and organize all parties involved in illegal construction, resulting in uncontrolled production safety. The affiliated qualification of survey, design, construction and supervision units only collects the affiliated fee and does not effectively supervise the project. The quality internal control system of the design unit is like a decoration, the design documents have major defects, there is no monitoring qualification and false monitoring reports are issued. The safety awareness of the construction unit is extremely weak, the site construction management is extremely chaotic, and the risky operation seriously violates the standard regulations. He Mouqi, the legal representative
of Shaoyang Real Estate Development Company, who
has been taken compulsory measures by the judicial organs, is suspected of the crime of major liability accident. Gong Mouxing, Gong Mouxiong, employees of Shaoyang Real Estate Development Company, Li Mouxian, head of Shaoyang Branch of Beijing Jingye Construction Supervision Company, shareholders of Zhengda Construction Engineering Supervision Co., Ltd. of Xinshao County, and Wang Moulin, head of the project supervision company, are responsible for the construction of the project. Mo Mouwu, the person in charge of Shaoyang Branch of China Unity Engineering Design Co., Ltd., the person in charge of the project design company and the monitoring company, Yan Mouyang, the legal representative of Hunan Defeng Construction Co., Ltd., the legal representative of the project construction party, Liu Mou, the shareholder of Hunan Defeng Construction Co., Ltd., and the contact person of the project construction party are suspected of major engineering safety accidents. Jiang Mouhua, chairman of Hunan Xiangli Testing Co., Ltd., Wang Mou, technical director, and yuan Mouhan, Minister of testing, have been taken compulsory measures by judicial organs on suspicion of issuing major false certification documents.
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