On February 5, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued guidance on further strengthening the environmental management of hazardous wastes and tightening provention and control of environmental risks. It is mentioned that cement kiln co-disposal facilities should be guided to play a better role as a useful supplement to the capacity of hazardous waste utilization and disposal, focusing on the treatment of hazardous wastes with large storage and landfill capacity and single category. Hazardous waste incineration and cement kiln co-disposal facilities will be carried out in an orderly manner.
(Note: "installation" refers to the installation of automatic monitoring equipment by waste incineration enterprises to monitor pollutant indicators and furnace incineration temperature in real time; "tree" refers to the installation of display screen at the gate of the plant or at a prominent position convenient for the public to view, and the disclosure of real-time monitoring data; "Linkage" means that enterprises and environmental protection departments are networked to transmit real-time monitoring data to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.)
Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially the idea of ecological civilization in Xi Jinping, we should conscientiously implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress and the 3rd Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, thoroughly implement the spirit of the National Conference on Eco-environmental Protection, and take strict provention and control of the environmental risks of hazardous wastes as the goal. In order to promote the whole process of information-based environmental supervision and strictly control the proportion of landfill disposal, we should improve the efficiency of environmental supervision of hazardous wastes, optimize the utilization and disposal methods, and keep the bottom line of ecological environment safety of hazardous wastes.
By 2026, the key supervision units of hazardous waste environment in China will achieve full coverage of the whole process of information supervision.
By 2027, the relevant units of hazardous waste in China will basically achieve full coverage of the whole process of information supervision, the proportion of hazardous waste landfill disposal will decline steadily, and the level of environmental risk provention and control will be further improved.
By 2030, the whole process of hazardous waste information supervision system will be further improved, the proportion of hazardous waste landfill disposal in the country will be controlled within 10%, and the environmental risk of hazardous waste will be effectively provention and control.
2. Enhance the ability to
guarantee the collection and disposal of hazardous wastes (1) Further enhance the efficiency
of standardized collection and transshipment of hazardous wastes and promote the facilitation of collection. Units holding hazardous waste collection, utilization and disposal permits shall provide standardized and orderly hazardous waste collection and transshipment services. We will deepen the pilot project of hazardous waste collection in small and micro enterprises, implement the "grid" collection model, clarify the types of waste collected by pilot units, service objects and service areas, and promote the full collection of hazardous waste in small and micro enterprises. Conditional collection units are encouraged to fill in the electronic transfer form of hazardous wastes for small and micro enterprises "in reverse" and provide them with standardized environmental management and information services.
Promote rapid transfer. The transfer of hazardous wastes shall follow the principle of proximity, and large-scale and long-distance transfer and disposal of hazardous wastes shall not be encouraged. Deepen the inter-provincial transfer of waste lead-acid batteries in accordance with the provincial transfer management pilot, and timely study and expand the types of hazardous wastes included in the pilot. Provinces engaged in regional cooperation are encouraged to simplify the approval procedures for inter-provincial transfer of hazardous wastes and improve the efficiency of hazardous waste transfer.
(2) Continuously improve the safeguard system
for centralized disposal of hazardous wastes and dynamically improve the safeguard system for centralized disposal. We will promote the improvement of the centralized disposal system of hazardous wastes, which is characterized by "overall matching of provincial capacity, coordination and cooperation among provinces, and overall planning of special categories throughout the country", so as to ensure the basic capacity of centralized disposal of hazardous wastes. Provincial ecological environment departments carry out annual assessment of the matching of hazardous waste production and utilization and disposal capacity within their administrative areas, effectively supporting provincial people's governments to formulate plans for the construction of centralized hazardous waste disposal facilities in accordance with the law, and to plan and construct centralized hazardous waste disposal facilities within their administrative areas as a whole.
Promote the co-construction and sharing of regional disposal facilities. We will deepen cooperation mechanisms in key regions such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Sichuan and Chongqing, and promote coordinated planning, co-construction and sharing of centralized hazardous waste disposal facilities. We will promote the construction and operation of regional centralized disposal centers for special types of hazardous wastes, and focus on improving the utilization and disposal capacity of special types of hazardous wastes.
(3) Continuously optimize the collection and disposal mode
of medical waste and improve the collection and disposal system and disposal methods. Promote the establishment of a medical waste collection and disposal system with guaranteed centralized disposal capacity in the city, combining centralized disposal with local disposal in remote areas, and dynamically improving the "emergency dual-use" disposal capacity as a backup. We will continue to implement centralized and harmless disposal of medical waste. Support the newly built or renovated hazardous waste incineration, domestic waste incineration and other facilities that meet the requirements of the standards for emergency collaborative disposal of medical waste. To urge medical and health institutions and medical waste centralized disposal units to strictly implement the system of hazardous waste transfer manifest.
Optimize the collection and disposal methods in remote areas. Remote areas should establish a long-term mechanism for medical waste collection and transfer in line with the actual situation at the grass-roots level, set up centralized collection and transfer points for medical waste in small medical and health institutions relying on larger medical and health institutions, and promote the collection mode of "small boxes into large boxes". In remote areas without centralized collection and disposal conditions, medical and health institutions can build their own medical waste disposal facilities that meet the requirements. Encourage the use of mobile treatment and disposal facilities or equipment to provide on-site disposal services for medical waste in remote areas.
3. Optimizing the way
of hazardous waste utilization and disposal (4) Optimizing the structure
of hazardous waste utilization and disposal and strengthening policy guidance. Deal with the relationship between the government and the market, regularly issue guiding announcements on the construction of hazardous waste utilization and disposal facilities in the region, and promote business entities to improve the allocation efficiency of hazardous waste utilization and disposal capacity building. Strictly implement the hierarchical examination and approval system for hazardous waste utilization and disposal permits, strengthen provincial management responsibilities, and coordinate and guide the optimization and adjustment of the utilization and disposal capacity structure in the region. We will accelerate the standardized utilization and disposal of hazardous wastes left over from history and strictly control environmental risks in the process of stockpiling.
Promote recycling. Promote the advanced technology of hazardous waste utilization and promote the improvement of hazardous waste recycling system. We will deepen the pilot construction of "waste-free groups" and "waste-free parks", guide qualified large enterprise groups and industrial parks to share hazardous waste utilization and disposal facilities, promote the "point-to-point" directional utilization of hazardous waste, simplify procedures and reduce burdens. We will support the construction of waste activated carbon regeneration centers in key areas, promote the recycling of waste activated carbon for air pollution control, and reduce the cost of treatment.
Improve the disposal structure. In principle, the disposal capacity of a single set of centralized incineration disposal facilities for new hazardous wastes should be greater than 30000 tons per year. We will guide facilities for the co-disposal of hazardous wastes in cement kilns to play a better role as a useful supplement to the utilization and disposal capacity of hazardous wastes, focusing on the treatment of hazardous wastes with large storage and landfill capacity and single category.
(5) Improving the level
of hazardous waste utilization and disposal and improving the level of facilities construction and operation. Promote the upgrading of hazardous waste utilization and disposal facilities, and improve the operation and management level of existing facilities. We will encourage the development of collectivized construction and specialized operation of hazardous waste utilization and disposal, and build comprehensive hazardous waste utilization and disposal facilities with advanced technology and complete functions, which integrate materialization, incineration, landfill disposal and recycling. Standardize the packaging of hazardous wastes, and strengthen the collection and treatment of volatile organic compounds and other pollutants in the process of storage, utilization and disposal of hazardous wastes.
Build a high-level utilization and disposal enterprise. Relying on qualified enterprises such as regional centralized disposal centers for special types of hazardous wastes, we will build a number of world-class hazardous waste utilization and disposal enterprises. We will tackle key problems and demonstrate the application of hazardous waste utilization and disposal technologies. Encourage the transfer of hazardous wastes to high-level enterprises for utilization and disposal.
(6) Strictly control the landfill disposal
of hazardous wastes and gradually reduce the amount of landfill disposal. Strengthen the environmental supervision of hazardous waste landfill disposal, and gradually restrict the direct landfill of hazardous waste that can be reduced through utilization, incineration and other treatment methods. Local governments should promote the gradual reduction of domestic waste incineration fly ash into domestic waste landfills, and encourage conditional areas to take the lead in achieving zero landfill of domestic waste incineration fly ash. Strictly implement the system of advance payment for decommissioning of facilities and sites for centralized disposal of hazardous wastes. Support the construction of new rigid landfill facilities for hazardous wastes in provinces with insufficient landfill disposal capacity for hazardous wastes.
Reduce the proportion of landfill disposal. We will vigorously promote the steady decline in the proportion of hazardous waste landfill disposal (the ratio of annual hazardous waste landfill disposal to the sum of total production and storage reduction), and promote the source reduction and resource utilization of hazardous waste. Optimize the source treatment and system treatment of waste water and waste gas, and reduce the generation of waste salt which is difficult to treat and belongs to hazardous waste. Encourage the comprehensive utilization of low-value hazardous wastes such as domestic waste incineration fly ash, gold concentrate cyanide tailings and waste salt after harmless pretreatment, so as to prevent long-term and large-scale stockpiling.
4. Improving the environmental management system
of hazardous wastes (7) Deepening the standardized environmental management
of hazardous wastes and strictly implementing the main responsibility of enterprises. Units that produce, collect, store, transport, utilize and dispose of hazardous wastes shall bear the main responsibility for the prevention and control of hazardous waste pollution, strictly implement the requirements of relevant legal systems and standards for the prevention and control of hazardous waste pollution, take effective measures to reduce the production of hazardous wastes, promote recycling, reduce harmfulness and improve the level of standardized environmental management of hazardous wastes.
Investigate and rectify potential environmental risks. We should adhere to the principle of prevention, carry out in-depth standardized environmental management assessment of hazardous wastes, and establish a long-term mechanism for environmental risk provention and control of hazardous wastes.We will strengthen the investigation and remediation of potential environmental risks in the self-use and disposal of hazardous wastes by hazardous waste producers, and improve the environmental management level of self-use and disposal facilities. We will strengthen guidance and assistance in the investigation and management of potential environmental risks of hazardous wastes, and promote the elimination of hazardous waste utilization and disposal facilities that are still unable to operate stably and meet the discharge standards after transformation according to law. We will promote the technical performance testing of hazardous waste incinerators, and include facilities with a single incinerator disposal capacity of less than 10,000 tons per year in the focus of supervisory monitoring. Carry out environmental risk investigation and assessment of hazardous waste landfill disposal facilities, and strengthen environmental risk investigation and management.
Improve the provention and control mechanism of environmental risks. Establish and improve the mechanism of national and provincial expert committees on hazardous waste identification, improve the management system of hazardous waste identification, and strengthen the identification of environmental hazards and environmental risk assessment of hazardous wastes. Hazardous waste identification units with problems such as fraudulent identification reports shall establish records of bad behavior according to law and impose penalties. Hazardous waste related units shall insure environmental pollution liability insurance according to law and regulations. It is strictly forbidden to use hazardous wastes in production and living activities that endanger environmental safety and human health in violation of relevant national regulations and standards. We will improve environmental risk provention and control measures for hazardous wastes during natural disasters such as extreme weather and earthquakes, strengthen emergency preparedness for environmental emergencies, and deal with environmental emergencies in a timely, appropriate and scientific manner.
(8) Strengthen the information-based environmental management
of hazardous wastes and strengthen the whole process management and control. We will accelerate the construction and application of the national environmental management information system for the whole process of hazardous waste, and realize the online declaration of hazardous waste generation, the online filing of management plans, the online operation of transfer manifests, the online report of utilization and disposal, and the real-time dynamic information traceability of the whole process. We will encourage places where conditions permit to carry out pilot projects of online transactions and third-party payments for the collection, transportation, utilization and disposal of hazardous wastes, explore the integration of waste flow, capital flow and information flow, and strengthen the tracking and control of the flow of hazardous wastes.
Strengthen real-time dynamic monitoring. New technologies such as Internet of Things and blockchain are used to focus on the three links of generation, transfer, utilization and disposal, and three codes such as unified electronic label marking QR Code, electronic transfer list number and electronic hazardous waste management license number are used. We will promote the standardization of hazardous waste generating units, promote the generation, packaging, weighing, coding and warehousing of hazardous waste, and strengthen the information management of the whole process of hazardous waste QR Code from generation to disposal, which will be realized by the relevant provinces and conditional provinces in the Yangtze River Delta region in 2025. Strengthen the operation and transfer track record of hazardous waste electronic transfer manifest. Hazardous waste incineration and cement kiln co-disposal facilities will be carried out in an orderly manner. Promote intelligent landfill technology to achieve traceability and real-time monitoring and early warning of leakage risk in the whole process of hazardous waste landfill.
Strengthen data collaborative governance. We will promote the management of basic data on hazardous wastes, promote the sharing of business data such as environmental management of hazardous wastes and environmental assessment and approval, emission permits, ecological environment statistics, law enforcement inspection, letters and visits, and establish a mechanism for discovering illegal clues of hazardous wastes by means of big data, so as to enhance the ability to accurately discover illegal clues of hazardous wastes. By 2027, we will promote the full application of hazardous waste declaration data in ecological environment statistics.
(9) Promoting fine environmental management
of hazardous wastes and promoting hierarchical and classified management. Construct the "base map" of environmental risk provention and control of hazardous waste, highlight the key areas and key industries of environmental risk provention and control, and control the environmental risk of hazardous waste in a regional, differentiated and precise manner. Before March 31 of each year, the provincial ecological environment departments shall establish and update the list of key environmental supervision units, simplified management units and registration management units for hazardous wastes. Standardize the management of hazardous waste exemption, and implement conditional exemption for designated wastes in the prescribed links in strict accordance with the National List of Hazardous Wastes.
Deepening institutional reform and innovation. Strengthen the connection between environmental impact assessment and hazardous waste business license system, support conditional areas to incorporate hazardous waste business license requirements into emission permits, and explore "one-certificate" management. We will study and establish environmental risk assessment standards and methods for the recycling of hazardous wastes, and encourage the introduction of local standards for pollution control in the recycling of hazardous wastes.
5. Safeguard measures
(10) To strengthen the organization and implementation
of local ecological environment departments at all levels, we should attach great importance to improving the organizational mechanism, refining working measures, strengthening departmental cooperation, guiding and supervising relevant enterprises to strictly implement the environmental management system of hazardous wastes, and strengthening the environmental management of hazardous wastes. Strict provention and control of environmental risks of hazardous wastes.
(11) Deepening scientific and technological support
, strengthening basic scientific research on hazardous wastes, and strengthening the deployment of scientific and technological research and development projects on environmental risk provention and control and utilization and disposal of hazardous wastes. Promote the incorporation of advanced hazardous waste utilization and disposal technologies into the national pollution prevention and control technology catalogue. We will accelerate the technical support role of the national and six regional hazardous waste environmental risk provention and control technology centers.
(12) Strengthen supervision and law enforcement
, strengthen the linkage of supervision, monitoring and law enforcement, and continue to crack down on environmental violations involving hazardous wastes in conjunction with the Supreme People's Procuratorate and the Ministry of Public Security. Promote the inclusion of reporting illegal transfer, dumping and disposal of hazardous wastes in the scope of rewards, and enhance the enthusiasm of the public and social organizations to participate.
