by the goal of global carbon neutrality, the cement industry, as a "big carbon emitter", has become the general trend of industry transformation. However, some enterprises have fallen into the "publicity carnival" in this green revolution, emphasizing superficial articles and neglecting practical results, replacing technological breakthroughs with conceptual packaging, so that carbon reduction action has become a superficial "image project". Shen Weiguo, a researcher and doctoral supervisor of
Wuhan University of Technology, said frankly that the carbon emissions per ton of cement clinker in China are in the range of 810-830 kg CO ₂, of which about 60% are produced by the decomposition of raw material carbonate and 30% are produced by fuel carbon emissions. Carbon emissions such as electricity and transportation account for 10%. If a technology can reduce carbon emissions by more than 10 kg per ton of clinker after application, it can be regarded as having low carbon value. If it fails to meet this standard, even if enterprises publicize their contribution to emission reduction, it is essentially only cost reduction and efficiency enhancement or other environmental protection technologies.
In addition, it is very urgent for the cement industry to build a quantitative evaluation system based on the whole life cycle emission reduction effect to evaluate and select emission reduction technologies, so as to avoid carbon reduction projects becoming a mere formality.
Faced with the choice of technology path, the existing technologies can be divided into three categories according to the effect of emission reduction. Class
A "calcium alternative raw material technology" directly hits the core of carbon emissions in cement production. In cement production, the carbon emission from the decomposition of calcium carbonate dominates, and the application of waste gypsum instead of limestone to co-produce cement sulfuric acid and carbide slag instead of limestone and other non-carbonate calcareous raw materials reduces the carbon emission from the source. It is worth noting that carbide slag has been recognized as a means of emission reduction in the existing evaluation system, but even if it is not treated, it can absorb CO and regenerate calcium carbonate. Therefore, from the perspective of the whole life cycle, the substitution of limestone by carbide slag is not a real carbon emission reduction, but it can significantly reduce carbon from the gate to the gate; High-calcium waste slag, such as steel slag, participates in clinker production, which also realizes the dual environmental benefits of emission reduction and resource recycling by "turning waste into treasure". This kind of technology can be called the "hard core scheme" of cement emission reduction. Category
B "alternative fuel technology" focuses on the "second carbon source" of cement production. At present, the carbon emissions generated by cement fuel are about half of the carbon emissions of raw materials. Although the technological innovation of burning equipment has significantly reduced the coal consumption of clinker, the space for emission reduction through energy saving is limited, but the application of alternative fuels has opened up a new path. If urban garden biomass waste is allowed to decompose in nature, it will produce hydrocarbons with greenhouse effect coefficient exceeding 20 times that of CO, and using it as an alternative fuel for cement not only resolves environmental risks, but also achieves a win-win situation of carbon emission reduction and cost optimization, which has become an important grasp of low-carbon transformation in the cement industry. However, it is not necessary to follow the example of Western European countries to produce biomass as an alternative raw material.
Class C "energy-saving and fuel-saving technology" accounts for less than 10% of cement carbon emissions, and with the increase of the proportion of clean energy in the power grid, the power emission index decreases year by year, so the carbon emission reduction benefits brought by energy-saving and fuel-saving technology are not obvious. However, its role in reducing operating costs and improving production efficiency can not be ignored, and it is still an important means for enterprises to optimize management.
Shen Weiguo stressed that the choice of emission reduction technology for enterprises should be based on their own reality. Due to the differences in resource endowment, equipment level and technology base, the priority order of emission reduction strategies for enterprises is as follows: the first choice is to use calcium alternative raw material technology to reduce carbon emissions from the source; the second is to consider alternative fuel technology to balance emission reduction and cost; and the last is to use energy-saving and fuel-saving technology to improve comprehensive benefits.
At the same time, the key to sustainable development is the technology that can reduce costs, increase efficiency and protect the environment, and make full use of local bulk solid waste. The "policy-oriented" technology relying solely on government subsidies may only be a "face-saving project" to create a green image in the long run, and will eventually be eliminated by the market due to the lack of endogenous motivation. Only by abandoning speculative mentality and cultivating technological innovation with pragmatic spirit can we really reduce the cost of trial and error and make a steady and far-reaching progress in the wave of green transformation.
In order to accelerate the realization of the "double carbon target" and actively promote the green and high-quality development of the industry, China Cement Network will hold the "2025 China Cement Double Carbon Conference and the 13th Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology Exchange Conference" on May 27-28, 2025. At the same time, the release ceremony of "2025 ESG Ranking List of Cement Industry" was held . This conference will bring together industry elites and multi-resources to provide all-round support for the industry in terms of technology, policy landing and resource docking. At the meeting, Shen Weiguo, a researcher and doctoral supervisor of Wuhan University of Technology, will conduct an in-depth analysis of the cement industry's carbon emission reduction program!
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