Recently, the 11th issue of Xi Jinping's Economic Thought Research in 2025 published an article signed by the Development Planning Department of the National Energy Administration entitled "Accelerating the Construction of a New Energy System", which summarized the practice and effectiveness of China's energy development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and clarified the task direction of the construction of a new energy system during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.
The article mentions that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, China has optimized the spatial layout of energy and resources bases. To adapt to the distribution characteristics of energy resources and energy consumption in China, we should optimize energy development and flow direction, and strengthen the construction of new energy infrastructure . Coordinating the construction of non-fossil energy bases and distributed development, and building "Three North" wind power " In accelerating the green and low-carbon transformation of energy, we should adhere to the simultaneous development of wind, solar, water and nuclear energy, and Co ordinate local consumption and delivery. We will promote the steady development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation on a larger scale, continuously increase the proportion of new energy supply, promote the integrated development of water, wind and solar energy, actively develop nuclear power in a safe and orderly manner, and promote the proportion of non-fossil energy in total energy consumption to reach about 25% by 2030. In terms of
building a new pattern of international energy cooperation, we will actively carry out international cooperation in the new energy industry chain, strengthen the international docking of energy technology and standard system, and enhance the international recognition of China's green certificate. Build a major energy landmark project with high quality. Around wind power, photovoltaic, hydrogen energy , The following is the full text:
Accelerating the Construction of a New Energy System
Department of
Development Planning, National Energy Administration Energy is the lifeblood of the national economy." It is related to the national economy, people's livelihood and national security. Since the new era, under the guidance of the new energy security strategy of "four revolutions and one cooperation" put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping, China has embarked on a high-quality energy development path with Chinese characteristics, which has strongly supported the solid step of Chinese-style modernization. The "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for basically realizing socialist modernization, laying a solid foundation and making full efforts. The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a top-level plan for building a new energy system and a strong energy country, put forward a series of new tasks, new requirements and new ideas, and provided a fundamental follow-up and action program for the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" energy development.
First, accurately grasping the principle of building a new energy system requires
speeding up the construction of a new energy system, and building a strong energy country is the central task of high-quality energy development in the coming period. We must deeply understand the important expositions of General Secretary Xi Jinping and the task deployment of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, systematically summarize the practical experience of energy development in recent years, and grasp the following principles and requirements in our work.
Adhere to the Party's overall leadership over energy work. The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized that "the leadership of the Party should run through the whole process of economic and social development". Energy is an important material basis and power source for economic and social development, and energy development in the new era has always been firmly advancing under the leadership of the Party. At present, with the accelerated evolution of the world's 100-year changes and the complex and intense game between big powers, energy has become the focus of strategic competition. On the new journey, we must adhere to the Party's overall leadership over energy work, give full play to the Party's political, organizational and institutional advantages, ensure that the energy industry always maintains the correct direction of development, ensure that the energy front moves forward in unison under the banner of the Party, and provide a fundamental guarantee for the new energy system and the construction of a strong energy country.
Adhere to the concept of people first. Energy supply is related to all aspects of people's clothing, food, housing and transportation, and the level of people's livelihood energy consumption is an important standard to measure the degree of modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed the need to do a good job in ensuring the supply and price stability of important commodities for people's livelihood, such as coal, electricity, oil and gas. The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the idea of "paying attention to ensuring and improving people's livelihood in development" and "making the achievements of modernization more equitable and beneficial to all the people". At present, China's urban and rural regional energy development is not balanced, and people's energy demand has changed from "yes or no" to "good or bad". On the new journey, we must thoroughly implement the concept of energy for the people, enhance the capacity of diversified and high-quality energy supply, comprehensively improve the level of energy service security, and constantly meet the growing new needs of the people for clean, low-carbon, efficient and intelligent energy use.
Insist on holding the energy rice bowl in your own hands. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that "energy security and security are related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and are the" great power of the country "that can not be ignored. The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly demanded that "the focus of economic development should be on the real economy". Energy as a support guarantee, the rice bowl must be firmly in their own hands. At present, with the profound evolution of the global energy landscape and the increasingly fierce competition around resource rights, channel rights and market rights, China's energy security is facing multiple challenges such as rigid demand growth and supply constraints. On the new journey, we must review the situation from the strategic height of national development and security, take advantage of the situation, base ourselves on China's energy resources endowment, enhance the resilience of the energy production, supply, storage and marketing system, and cope with the uncertainty of the changing situation with the stability of domestic energy supply.
Adhere to the green and low-carbon development orientation. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that "accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development" and "taking carbon peak and carbon neutralization as the traction, promoting carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth in a coordinated manner". Energy activities account for more than 80% of total carbon emissions, which is the main battlefield to promote the construction of beautiful China and achieve the goal of carbon peak. The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly calls for "promoting the peak of coal and oil consumption". The increase in energy consumption during the 15th Five-Year Plan period will mainly be met by non-fossil energy, and profound changes will take place in the energy structure and system form. On the new journey, we must deal with the relationship between supply and consumption, new energy and traditional energy, current and long-term, overall and local, promote the safe, reliable and orderly substitution of fossil energy, continuously increase the proportion of new energy supply, and support and lead the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development.
Insisting on innovation is the first driving force. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "Chinese-style modernization should be supported by scientific and technological modernization, and high-quality development should be fostered by scientific and technological innovation." The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized "seizing the historical opportunity of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation". At present, energy science and technology innovation has entered an intensive and active period. Major countries in the world have strengthened the strategic layout of science and technology around the independent and controllable energy industry chain. Whoever takes the lead in innovation will have the initiative to lead development. China's energy science and technology innovation is at a critical stage of running side by side and leading in part. On the new journey, we must continue to do a good job in innovation, firmly grasp the law of energy science and technology innovation, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, develop new energy productivity according to local conditions, and seize the commanding heights of energy science and technology development.
We will continue to deepen the reform of the energy system. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "both the invisible hand and the visible hand should be used well". The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China further emphasized that "we should give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources and better play the role of the government". After years of development, China's energy governance system has become more mature and finalized, and the "four beams and eight pillars" of energy system reform have been basically established. But at the same time, with the deepening of the national unified market construction, the reform of power, oil and gas system has entered the "deep water area", and the governance mode and market mechanism adapted to the new energy system need to be established and improved. In the new journey, we must adhere to the combination of goal orientation and problem orientation, solve development problems with reform thinking and methods, scientifically design policy mechanisms and reform paths, and constantly improve the efficiency of energy governance.
2. Fully understand the practice and effectiveness
of energy development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China has made great efforts to promote high-quality energy development, coordinate energy security and green low-carbon transformation, greatly enhance energy production capacity, achieve leapfrog development of non-fossil energy, and take new steps in energy reform and innovation. International cooperation has opened up a new situation, and the foundation for building a new energy system has been continuously consolidated.
Strengthen energy security capacity building, energy supply is more sufficient and more resilient. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we thoroughly practiced the overall national security concept, promoted the formation of an energy supply system driven by coal, oil, gas, nuclear and renewable energy, and improved the flexibility, resilience and safe operation level of the energy system. The total energy production has reached about 5 billion tons of standard coal, an increase of nearly 40% over 10 years ago, accounting for more than one fifth of the world's total, and the energy self-sufficiency rate has remained stable at more than 80%. The annual power generation in China has exceeded 10 trillion kilowatt hours, accounting for about one third of the world's total. The energy infrastructure network across the east and west, north and south, and connecting overseas has been improved, and the capacity of power transmission from west to east has reached 3. Strengthen the guarantee of people's livelihood energy service, build the world's largest electric vehicle charging network, with two charging piles for every five vehicles, and "access to electricity" has become the gold-lettered signboard of China's power supply service. We effectively responded to extreme weather and other natural disasters, restored energy supply at the fastest speed, and effectively guaranteed the energy security of more than 1.4 billion people.
Speed up the adjustment of energy structure, green low-carbon transformation to achieve leapfrog development. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we thoroughly implemented the concept of green development, coordinated the green and low-carbon transformation of energy production and consumption, expanded the supply of clean energy, strengthened energy conservation and efficient utilization, and promoted the continuous optimization of energy structure. Building the world's largest and fastest growing renewable energy system, wind power and photovoltaic installed capacity has broken through 100 million, 200 million and 300 million kilowatts per year, new energy installed capacity has historically exceeded thermal power, non-fossil energy consumption has doubled, accounting for about 20% of total energy consumption, and the proportion of coal consumption has decreased by about 1% per year on average. This "one increase and one decrease" has greatly enhanced the "green content" of economic development.The level of clean and low-carbon energy consumption has been greatly improved, the proportion of terminal energy electrification has reached about 30%, ranking in the forefront of the world, the quality of oil products has been upgraded from the third to the sixth national standards, and the energy efficiency level of coal-fired power, petrochemical, steel and other industries has reached the world's leading level.
Strengthen energy science and technology innovation, and significantly improve the level of industrial chain modernization. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we insisted on taking innovation as the first driving force to lead energy development, comprehensively promoted the "short board" and "long board" of energy technology and equipment, and promoted the continuous transformation of innovative achievements into real productive forces. New breakthroughs have been made in major energy technology and equipment, and the level of independent modernization of the industrial chain has been continuously improved. Three generations of nuclear power technologies with completely independent intellectual property rights, such as Hualong 1 and Guohe 1, have been formed, and the world's first high-temperature gas-cooled reactor demonstration project has been put into commercial operation. UHV transmission technology and equipment indicators have set world records, shale gas has achieved large-scale commercial development, and shale oil development has made remarkable progress. New energy has formed a complete manufacturing system of the whole industry chain, technology and equipment lead the world, the number of new energy patents accounts for more than 40% of the world, photovoltaic conversion efficiency, offshore wind power unit capacity and so on constantly refresh the world record, the scale of new energy storage has leaped to the first place in the world, and the productivity of new energy quality has been accelerated. The energy market system and policy mechanism have been
improved, and the momentum of energy development has been continuously enhanced. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we adhered to the combination of effective market and promising government, deepened the reform of key energy areas and key links, and continuously enhanced the momentum and vitality of energy development. The Energy Law was promulgated and implemented, and the revision of the Coal Law, the Electricity Law and the Renewable Energy Law was steadily promoted. The construction of a unified national electricity market has been accelerated. With the continuous improvement of the green certificate system, China's green certificate has gone international and been fully recognized by RE100. The "X + 1 + X" oil and gas market system has been continuously improved, and the construction of national, regional and local coal trading platforms has been accelerated. Coal, electricity and new energy have entered the market in an all-round way, and all industrial and commercial users have entered the market. Market vitality has been fully stimulated, the number of registered operators in the electricity market has increased more than four times compared with 2020, and private enterprises have become an important force in promoting energy transformation and development. Opening
wider to the outside world at a high level and enhancing international cooperation in energy in an all-round way. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we upheld the concept of a community of human destiny, strengthened the linkage effect of domestic and international markets and resources, and promoted the establishment of a fair, just, balanced and inclusive global energy governance system. We will consolidate and expand overseas energy resources security capabilities, deepen oil and gas cooperation with Central Asia-Russia, the Middle East, Africa, the Americas and the Asia-Pacific region, put into operation oil and gas pipelines such as the eastern route between China and Russia, and make the four major energy import channels in the northwest, northeast, southwest and offshore more stable. Deeply participating in the reform of international energy governance, carrying out green energy cooperation with more than 100 countries and regions, a large number of landmark projects and "small and beautiful" projects benefiting people's livelihood have taken root, and China's export of wind power and photovoltaic products has reduced carbon emissions by about 4.1 billion tons for other countries in the past five years. The "the Belt and Road" Energy Partnership and the Global Clean Energy Partnership are two major home diplomacy mechanisms, and the pattern of international energy cooperation is constantly improving. The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twentieth Central Committee of the
Communist Party of China made it clear that the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" should initially build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient new energy system. The energy development of the Tenth Five-Year Plan will thoroughly implement the new strategy of energy security, take security and abundance as the premise, economic feasibility as the basis, scientific and technological innovation as the guide, and institutional reform as the driving force, accelerate the construction of a new energy system, build a strong energy country, and provide strong energy support for ensuring decisive progress in the basic realization of socialist modernization.
Optimize the spatial layout of energy and resource bases. To adapt to the distribution characteristics of energy resources and energy consumption in China, we should optimize energy development and flow direction, and strengthen the construction of new energy infrastructure . We will coordinate the construction of non-fossil energy bases and distributed development, build the "Three North" wind power photovoltaic base , the southwest water and wind integrated base , the coastal nuclear power and offshore wind power base, and vigorously develop distributed energy . Consolidate the basis of stable and increased production of fossil energy bases, enhance the flexible production scale of the five major coal bases, and promote the continuation of oil and gas production capacity in key basins and key sea areas. We will promote the coordinated distribution of energy development and energy-using industries, coordinate the "West-to-West Power Transmission" and "West-to-East Power Transmission", strengthen the integrated development of new energy development and energy-using industries, and guide the rational distribution of industries to clean energy-rich areas. Optimize the layout of energy backbone channels, coordinate and optimize the flow of power across provinces and regions, strengthen the construction of coal collection and distribution system, and consolidate and expand the four strategic import channels of oil and gas.
Accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of energy. We should adhere to the simultaneous development of wind, solar, water and nuclear energy, coordinate local absorption and delivery, promote the steady development of wind and photovoltaic power generation on a larger scale, continuously increase the proportion of new energy supply, promote the integrated development of water, wind and solar energy, and actively develop nuclear power in a safe and orderly manner. Promote the proportion of non-fossil energy in total energy consumption to reach about 25% by 2030. Efforts should be made to build a new power system, speed up the construction of smart grid and micro-grid, build a new power grid platform with main distribution and micro-coordination, comprehensively enhance the flexible regulation ability of source, network and load links, actively develop new modes such as green power direct connection, and enhance the power system's ability to absorb, allocate and regulate new energy. Promote green and low-carbon energy consumption, improve the level of terminal energy electrification, expand the scale of green power utilization, vigorously promote energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas such as industry, construction and transportation, and promote clean and low-carbon heating methods according to local conditions.
Build a strong and resilient energy supply chain. Strengthen the bottom line of energy strategic security, continuously enhance oil and gas exploration and development efforts, promote long-term stability of domestic crude oil production, and maintain the trend of increasing natural gas reserves and production. Establish and improve an efficient and coordinated energy reserve system, and scientifically and rationally determine the types, scale and mode of energy reserves. Strengthen coal-based oil and gas production capacity and technical reserves. Consolidate the safety foundation of energy transformation, enhance the elasticity of coal supply, and further promote the clean and efficient use of coal. We will comprehensively improve the level of complementarity, mutual benefit, safety and resilience of the power system, promote the transformation of coal-fired power from basic guaranteed power supply to supporting regulated power supply , scientifically distribute pumped storage, and vigorously develop new energy storage . Strengthen the supply of key mineral resources for new energy. Strengthen energy emergency safety management and control, improve energy security risk monitoring and early warning system, improve contingency plan in different levels and fields, and ensure energy supply security in extreme situations.
Speed up the self-reliance of high-level energy science and technology. Facing the major needs of new energy system construction, on the one hand, we should vigorously enhance the "hard power" of energy science and technology innovation. We will focus on large-scale and high-proportion development of non-fossil energy and clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy, and strengthen research and development of advanced nuclear power, photothermal power generation, ocean energy, flexible DC transmission, unconventional oil and gas technologies and equipment. Prospective layout of future energy technologies and industries such as hydrogen energy and controllable nuclear fusion. We will consolidate and expand the advantages of new energy and other industries, and foster and expand new industrial tracks such as "artificial intelligence + energy". On the other hand, we should accelerate the "soft construction" of energy science and technology innovation. We will improve the collaborative innovation mechanism of the energy industry chain, strengthen the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces in the field of energy, strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in innovation, stimulate the innovation vitality of private enterprises, support the development of various new models and new formats, and promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation.
Strengthen the system guarantee of high-quality energy development. Consolidate the foundation of the rule of law, improve the supporting laws and regulations of the Energy Law, and speed up the revision of the Electricity Law, the Coal Law and the Renewable Energy Law. Stimulate the vitality of reform, build a unified national power market system, deepen the construction of medium and long-term, spot, ancillary services and capacity trading markets, and support a variety of new players to participate in the power market. Optimize the operation and dispatching mechanism of oil and gas pipeline network, and promote the construction of modern coal market system. We will deepen the market-oriented reform of energy prices, improve the market price formation mechanism mainly determined by supply and demand, and optimize the government pricing mechanism for natural monopoly links. Form policy synergy, promote the construction of a new standard system in the field of energy, and improve a scientific and efficient energy regulatory system. We will strengthen the guarantee of factors such as land use for energy development and major infrastructure construction, and establish and improve policies and mechanisms to promote green energy consumption.
Construct a new pattern of international energy cooperation. We will continue to deepen international cooperation in energy and strive to maintain the security and stability of the global energy industry chain and supply chain. We will build a new win-win cooperation model for energy transformation and promote power interconnection with neighboring countries and regions. Actively carry out international cooperation in the new energy industry chain, strengthen the international docking of energy technology and standard system, and enhance the international recognition of China's green certificate. Build major energy landmark projects with high quality, and build a number of "small and beautiful" projects around key areas such as wind power, photovoltaic, hydrogen energy and energy storage. Deeply participate in global energy governance, take high-quality joint construction of "the Belt and Road" as a practical platform, continue to promote the effectiveness of regional energy cooperation platform, actively participate in multilateral energy mechanism cooperation, carry out high-quality energy home diplomacy, promote sustainable global energy development, and help build a fair, just, open, inclusive and win-win international economic order.
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