First, the concept
of double carbon. What is "double carbon"?
Carbon peak (peak carbon dioxide emissions) refers to a point in time when carbon dioxide emissions stop growing and reach a peak, and then gradually decline. Carbon peak is the historical turning point of carbon dioxide emissions from increase to decrease, which marks the decoupling of carbon emissions and economic development. The peak target includes the peak year and peak value.
Carbon neutrality refers to the total amount of carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas emissions generated directly or indirectly by a country, enterprise, product, activity or individual within a certain period of time, through afforestation, energy saving and emission reduction, to offset the carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas emissions generated by itself, so as to achieve positive and negative offset. Achieve relative "zero emission". In September
2020, President Xi Jinping announced at the general debate of the 75th session of the United Nations General Assembly that China's carbon dioxide emissions will strive to peak by 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.
2. Introduction
of carbon emissions in the cement industry At present, it is recognized in the industry that China's cement industry has reached its peak in 2020. In 2020, China's cement clinker output reached a historical peak of 1.58 billion tons, and the cement output in that year was 2.38 billion tons. Carbon dioxide emissions are about 13.
Attached Table 1: Cement and clinker production
in recent ten years Attached Table 2: Carbon emissions
of cement industry III. Proportion
of carbon emissions of cement industry in 2020. The CO2 emission of China's cement industry is about 1.37 billion tons; The building materials industry (cement enterprises account for the absolute majority) accounts for about 13
% of the country's total carbon emissions. Total CO2 emission per unit cement clinker (carbon emission intensity)
Total CO2 emission per ton of cement clinker:
< IMG SRC = "https://img7.ccement.com/richtext/img/5l8ffz9or7p1707037507191.
" In addition, The main technical paths to reduce carbon emissions in the cement industry include:
1. Extreme energy efficiency improvement of existing process equipment;
2. Low-carbon cement technology based on raw material substitution;
3. Fuel substitution for coal-fired emissions in the calcination process;
4、 carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) for end-of-pipe disposal.
Near-term emission reduction technology is expected to improve
the energy efficiency of existing process equipment. Medium-term and long-term technological breakthroughs are expected to rely on raw material/fuel substitution and CCUS technology
< IMG SRC = "The national carbon market of https://img7.ccement.com/richtext/img/amu9y1tbyn1707037531590. was officially launched on July 16, 2021, and the national carbon market is the first to take the power generation industry as the first key industry.". The Ministry of Ecology and Environment said it would gradually expand its coverage to more high-emission industries. At present, there are many news reports that the next batch of expanded industries will definitely include the cement industry, and some reports predict that the cement industry will be included in the national carbon emissions trading market in 2024. There is no final unified conclusion on the distribution of specific carbon emission trading quotas in the
cement industry. At present, the carbon emission quotas are mainly distributed free of charge, supplemented by compensation, and the specific distribution quota is controlled by both the total amount and the intensity. However, the selection of key parameters such as the benchmark value (or benchmark value) of carbon emissions per ton of clinker will become the key point, which will be formulated in combination with various factors such as industry capacity reduction and energy consumption control.
At the provincial level
, in October 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission approved seven provinces and cities, including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Guangdong, Hubei and Shenzhen, to carry out carbon emissions trading pilot projects. In 2016, Fujian Province became the eighth pilot regional carbon market. At present, cement enterprises in Beijing, Guangdong, Hubei, Chongqing, Tianjin and Fujian have participated in carbon trading, and about 170 cement enterprises have participated in the pilot work of local carbon emissions trading.
From the point of view of the current local carbon emission trading market, the carbon emission quotas in Beijing and Guangdong Province are mainly distributed free of charge, supplemented by paid quotas, while the rest of the pilot projects are distributed free of charge, and the paid quotas are issued in the form of irregular bidding. From the perspective of quota allocation method, for the clinker production section, except that Tianjin adopts the historical intensity method and Hubei adopts the benchmarking method, the rest of the pilot projects are approved by the baseline method. In the pilot projects approved by the baseline method, Fujian and Guangdong provinces set different baseline values for clinker production lines of different scales, and the larger the production line scale, the lower the baseline value. According to the quota allocation calculation method, the local pilot quota allocation is basically based on the actual output, and the carbon market in Guangdong Province verifies the annual output of each clinker production line based on 1.
