The original intention of the establishment of May 1 International Labor Day is to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers. In order to protect the rights and interests of workers, what are the legal provisions on overtime, paid vacation, social insurance, unemployment, work-related injuries and maternity in different countries?
France: 30 days of paid vacation per year
According to French law, all salaried employees have the right to rest for at least 11 hours a day, except for statutory holidays, and must ensure at least 24 hours of continuous rest a week. Overtime is also limited, with an average annual overtime limit of 220 hours per employee. The calculation method of overtime pay is: for the first 8 hours, it shall be increased by 25% on the basis of salary, and thereafter, it shall be increased by 50%. Any employee, whether on a permanent or temporary work contract, is entitled to statutory paid leave of 2.5 days per month (i.e. 30 working days per year). If the employer cannot guarantee the employee's leave, the employer shall compensate the employee.
Germany: "Parental leave" up to 14 months
Maternity leave in Germany is generally 14 weeks. Six weeks before delivery, the employer must not require pregnant women to work; eight weeks after delivery, female workers must take a vacation. The income during maternity leave is paid jointly by the insurance institution and the employer, and the standard is the average net income of the three months before the leave. In addition to maternity leave, German parents have 14 months of parental leave, with a maximum of 12 months for a single person. During this period, the unit must reserve posts for them. The income of parents on leave is paid by the government, and the standard is 65% of the average net income before leave, but there is a cap.
Russia: There are 8 statutory holidays every year.
According to Russia's current regulations, there are eight national statutory holidays, including New Year's Day, Christmas Day, Women's Day, Labor Day, Victory Day and so on. In 2014, there were 14 days of national holidays in Russia. Although Russia's labor law does not explicitly prohibit overtime on holidays, it does not advocate it. If overtime work is required, the worker must submit a written application and obtain the approval of the trade union. Overtime is calculated at twice the minimum daily rate.
Singapore: Tripartite Negotiation to Protect Workers' Rights
Singapore's tripartite consultation mechanism among trade unions, employers and the government is conducive to bringing workers' demands into the cabinet and parliament. Workers can join trade unions under the leadership of the government, and the guiding salary level is also the result of tripartite negotiation. Singapore's Employment Act stipulates that working hours are 8 hours per day and 44 hours per week, but manual and low-wage workers are limited to 12 hours per day and must rest for at least 45 minutes for every six hours of work.
Thailand: Minimum wage for all employees
Thai law sets a minimum wage for all employees except farmers. The minimum wage varies from province to province. If the employer fails to pay the wages, a fine of 15% of the amount owed is payable. They may be sentenced to imprisonment of up to six months and a fine of no more than 100000 baht (about 19.6 million yuan).
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