who lives in Suzhou, saw the opportunity two years ago and decided to switch to a new industry: second-hand photovoltaic panel recycling .
"We usually recycle thousands of pieces at a time, and we are reluctant to accept a small number of orders." Old Shen in the exchange with reporters, said: "The change is not wrong, because the photovoltaic module recycling business is too hot.".
"When the price is high, the recovery price of a relatively new board can reach 1000 yuan .". A box is 30000 yuan. 17. "
Photovoltaic modules, also known as solar panels, are the key units of equipment manufacturing in the solar power industry.". 2. The price fluctuation of photovoltaic modules affects the artery of the industry, and its life and quality determine the level of power generation.
Generally speaking, the service life of a single photovoltaic panel is 25 to 30 years . With the increase of service years, the efficiency of solar energy conversion into electricity will gradually decrease, which is also known as attenuation in the industry. Therefore, photovoltaic modules that have reached the age limit need to be "retired" normally, even if there is no obvious damage. Around 2000,
Many "small workshop" owners have a keen sense of smell for traffic platforms. They publish videos and pictures of their own recycling photovoltaic modules through Wechat groups, tremolo or video numbers, in order to attract the attention of business owners with recycling needs and attract business.
Reporters saw that a large number of recycled photovoltaic panels were piled up in the outdoor environment by purchasers, exposed to the sun, and some were mixed with other domestic waste products, the scene was no different from "collecting rags". Such a method of handling is obviously problematic.
It is reported that in the GB/T 39753-2021 "National Standard for General Technical Requirements for Recycling and Reuse of Photovoltaic Modules", which was implemented in China on February 1, 2022, under the provisions on collection, transportation and storage, the first article reads "In the process of collecting, transporting and storing waste photovoltaic modules, the national standard for recycling and reuse of photovoltaic modules shall be used." It is necessary to avoid potential safety hazards such as fire and leakage caused by exposure of waste photovoltaic modules to sunlight. The recycling bosses of "small workshops" who
are shouting everywhere obviously fail to meet the requirements of national standards. A photovoltaic module recycler who has been publishing recycling information on
the tremolo number for a long time said that the entry threshold for practitioners is very low, and they only need to get a "recycling certificate".
However, the aforementioned Suzhou recycler Lao Shen said that the photovoltaic module recycling business needs to be registered first. However, the reporter found that industrial and commercial data showed that Lao Shen's company had been cancelled at the end of last year. Can
these piled components be recycled? Where are the photovoltaic panels recycled on a large scale?
It is understood that such exports of second-hand photovoltaic panels are concentrated in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. They take advantage of geographical advantages to carry out foreign trade, many companies are very large in scale, and many bosses have made a fortune by driving Ferraris.
In addition, other photovoltaic modules that are completely scrapped no longer have the function of generating electricity, and their fate is to be dismantled as waste products. Among the most mainstream components in the
market, glass accounts for about 70% of the total weight, aluminum frame accounts for about 18%, solar cells account for about 4%, and lead, silver, gallium and other metals account for about 1%.
Located in Funing County, Jiangsu Province, Ms. Qi, who does dismantling business, told reporters that for scrapped components, she mainly recycles aluminium alloy and glass, "which are valuable and easy to dismantle.". As for how to deal with the rest, Ms. Qi refused to disclose.
An anonymous industry source said that after the available part was sold, the rest was basically taken to the garbage station for incineration.
Component recycling should be a new growth point of photovoltaic industry in the future. But at present, the market is still in the initial stage of "collecting junk", even related to grey production. To govern the extreme of
chaos or to govern it before chaos? However, in order to deal with the chaos, we must first solve three major problems.
First, component processing technology needs to be optimized.
At present, there are two major methods for the disposal of waste components in China, physical method and chemical method. Component recycling demonstration lines based on these two methods have been built in Baoding, Hebei Province and Shangrao, Jiangxi Province, respectively. But this is just a small step from the laboratory, and there is still a certain distance from industrialization.
Lu Fang told reporters, "Compared with other countries, many of our component recycling technologies are" running side by side "in basic scientific research, and even some are" leading ". However, in order to enter the real industrialization stage, some adaptive technology is needed. The component processing technology developed in the
laboratory can cope with the specific component working conditions in the laboratory. However, in the actual component recycling, the working conditions are much more complex. The so-called "adaptive process technology" refers to the optimization on the basis of existing scientific research technology, so that the component treatment technology can adapt to the complex working conditions of waste components.
Second, there is a lack of key data.
As for when, where and how much photovoltaic modules will be retired, there is no very accurate prediction in China, and it is often necessary to quote data from international agencies. Without accurate data support, it is difficult to formulate guiding policies for the industry.
Lu Fang disclosed that his "Photovoltaic Recycling Industry Development Cooperation Center" is trying to establish an accurate model to predict the time and quantity of China's photovoltaic module retirement, and estimates that the results will be available in the second half of this year.
Third, there is a lack of standardized standards and management systems.
According to Hou Guiguang, Director of the Comprehensive Business Department of the Solid Management Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, there are many gaps in standards and management policies in the process of recycling from scrapping to storage, disassembly and smelting, and there are no relevant regulations on the emission of pollutants involved in scrapping photovoltaic modules. Due to the lack of clear policy guidance, it is difficult to determine the feasible scheme of technology and business model in the actual recycling process.
In addition, there are no institutional regulations for the identification of the main body of component recycling and the requirements for recycling qualification, so it is difficult to establish a relatively healthy market order. The
good news is that the relevant standards and policies are constantly improving. In December
Loss-making or Platform Model Dividend? Reporters noted that in terms of component recycling, the head enterprises have already made some layout and actions. The aforementioned two component recycling demonstration lines built in Baoding, Hebei and Shangrao, Jiangxi belong to Yingli Energy and Jingke Energy respectively. They are also the leading enterprises that entered the photovoltaic industry earlier in China.
JinkoSolar said in its 2022 ESG report, "The high-value environmental treatment route developed by JinkoSolar can not only dismantle and recycle the aluminum frame, junction box and glass, but also recycle the silicon and metal in the cell.". Through deep excavation of product recycling value, the recovery rate of some materials can reach 99%. Yin Xulong, chairman
of Yingli Energy, was asked in an interview with the media in June this year when he was "optimistic about which part of the photovoltaic industry", his answer was "component recycling".
In addition, the reporter noted that the "Photovoltaic Recycling Industry Development Cooperation Center" has 68 member units, the chairman unit is the State Power Investment Group Upper Yellow River Hydropower Development Co., Ltd., Longji Green Energy, Zhengtai Xinneng, Jingao Science and Technology, Trina Solar Energy, Jingke Energy and other photovoltaic giants are among the vice chairmen. It can be seen that photovoltaic giants are interested in component recycling and have gathered into a force.
However, Lu Fang reminded that "photovoltaic module recycling is not as simple as entrepreneurs imagine, it is difficult to achieve only by capital and interest."
Lu Fang divides the enterprises intending to engage in photovoltaic module recycling into four categories. The first is photovoltaic module manufacturing enterprises; the second is operation and maintenance enterprises; the third is terminal power generation enterprises; and the fourth is professional solid waste treatment enterprises. But no matter what kind of enterprise does component recycling, it can not rely on strong capital as in other industries, "capital is not as good as a viable business model."
At present, in the photovoltaic module recycling industry, the "regular army" of enterprises has been eroded a large market share by individual "small workshops", and even completely crushed in terms of cost and benefit. First of all, the
problem is reflected in the price of component recycling, which is very confusing and the quotation is very different. Many individual recyclers of photovoltaic modules who were interviewed by reporters were confused in their quotations.
Taking a photovoltaic panel with a power of 250 W used for more than 5 years as an example, the recycling price given by Lao Shen is 70 yuan. "Power will always decay, the original 250W, 5 years later may only be 100W." Ms. Qi,
an individual recycler, offered a price of more than 100 yuan. Ms. Qi said that this is already very high, "You remove the upper aluminum frame and sell it to the waste collection station, a board can only be sold for 30 yuan."
According to the previous First Financial Report, in the quotation given by a "regular army" enterprise specializing in photovoltaic module recycling, a 250W photovoltaic module is only 15-50 yuan. Under the mode of
"collecting junk" and chaotic price competition, the phenomenon of "bad money expelling good money" has emerged. The recycling price of
waste photovoltaic modules has far exceeded the affordability of enterprises. According to the Economic Daily, an operator of a photovoltaic module recycling enterprise believes that "the extensive refining method of small workshops does not take into account the cost of environmental protection at all, so there is still room for profit. In contrast, if regular enterprises recycle at this price, they will lose 100%." Liu Limin, deputy Secretary-General of the Photovoltaic Recycling Industry Development Cooperation Center of the Photovoltaic Special Committee of
China Green Supply Chain Alliance, once calculated an account at an expert forum: the total income of an enterprise recycling a standard-sized photovoltaic module is 56 yuan, but the cost is 75 yuan, and the compensation for recycling a photovoltaic module is 19 yuan. How did
recycling become a loss-making business?
Over the past decade, second-hand cars, second-hand 3C, second-hand books and other fields have developed a more mature platform economic model. It is not a difficult problem to make circular economy into a clear business model and a sustainable industry. The experience of
these industries shows that if the "regular army" of photovoltaic enterprises wants to enter the market, in addition to the innovation of professional and technical capabilities, they should embrace the dividends of the platform model in order to get rid of the dilemma of "losing money and earning a shout".
It is worth noting that the government and industry associations are also trying to help photovoltaic enterprises innovate their business models. In Chapters IV and V of the Case Interpretation of the Implementation Plan for Promoting the High-quality Development of New Energy in the New Era issued by the
State Energy Administration in May this year, it is proposed to promote the development of retired wind turbines, photovoltaic modules recovery and treatment technology and related new industrial chains, and to "establish a reasonable business model" and "speed up policies and standards". As soon as possible, we should improve the industry standards, technical specifications, certification system and so on, as the focus of the next step.
Reporters noted that on June 20 this year, China Photovoltaic Industry Association set up a working group on photovoltaic module recycling to promote business model innovation of module recycling, which has also become one of the main purposes of the working group. Under the retirement tide of
photovoltaic modules, the new growth point of the industry is emerging. Photovoltaic enterprises should not only have a sense of urgency to build a green closed-loop, but also find a sustainable business model.
The aforementioned two component recycling demonstration lines built in Baoding, Hebei and Shangrao, Jiangxi belong to Yingli Energy and Jingke Energy respectively. They are also the leading enterprises that entered the photovoltaic industry earlier in China.
JinkoSolar said in its 2022 ESG report, "The high-value environmental treatment route developed by JinkoSolar can not only dismantle and recycle the aluminum frame, junction box and glass, but also recycle the silicon and metal in the cell.". Through deep excavation of product recycling value, the recovery rate of some materials can reach 99%. Yin Xulong, chairman
of Yingli Energy, was asked in an interview with the media in June this year when he was "optimistic about which part of the photovoltaic industry", his answer was "component recycling".
In addition, the reporter noted that the "Photovoltaic Recycling Industry Development Cooperation Center" has 68 member units, the chairman unit is the State Power Investment Group Upper Yellow River Hydropower Development Co., Ltd., Longji Green Energy, Zhengtai Xinneng, Jingao Science and Technology, Trina Solar Energy, Jingke Energy and other photovoltaic giants are among the vice chairmen. It can be seen that photovoltaic giants are interested in component recycling and have gathered into a force.
However, Lu Fang reminded that "photovoltaic module recycling is not as simple as entrepreneurs imagine, it is difficult to achieve only by capital and interest."
Lu Fang divides the enterprises intending to engage in photovoltaic module recycling into four categories. The first is photovoltaic module manufacturing enterprises; the second is operation and maintenance enterprises; the third is terminal power generation enterprises; and the fourth is professional solid waste treatment enterprises. But no matter what kind of enterprise does component recycling, it can not rely on strong capital as in other industries, "capital is not as good as a viable business model."
At present, in the photovoltaic module recycling industry, the "regular army" of enterprises has been eroded a large market share by individual "small workshops", and even completely crushed in terms of cost and benefit. First of all, the
problem is reflected in the price of component recycling, which is very confusing and the quotation is very different. Many individual recyclers of photovoltaic modules who were interviewed by reporters were confused in their quotations.
Taking a photovoltaic panel with a power of 250 W used for more than 5 years as an example, the recycling price given by Lao Shen is 70 yuan. "Power will always decay, the original 250W, 5 years later may only be 100W." Ms. Qi,
an individual recycler, offered a price of more than 100 yuan. Ms. Qi said that this is already very high, "You remove the upper aluminum frame and sell it to the waste collection station, a board can only be sold for 30 yuan."
According to the previous First Financial Report, in the quotation given by a "regular army" enterprise specializing in photovoltaic module recycling, a 250W photovoltaic module is only 15-50 yuan. Under the mode of
"collecting junk" and chaotic price competition, the phenomenon of "bad money expelling good money" has emerged. The recycling price of
waste photovoltaic modules has far exceeded the affordability of enterprises. According to the Economic Daily, an operator of a photovoltaic module recycling enterprise believes that "the extensive refining method of small workshops does not take into account the cost of environmental protection at all, so there is still room for profit. In contrast, if regular enterprises recycle at this price, they will lose 100%." Liu Limin, deputy Secretary-General of the Photovoltaic Recycling Industry Development Cooperation Center of the Photovoltaic Special Committee of
China Green Supply Chain Alliance, once calculated an account at an expert forum: the total income of an enterprise recycling a standard-sized photovoltaic module is 56 yuan, but the cost is 75 yuan, and the compensation for recycling a photovoltaic module is 19 yuan. How did
recycling become a loss-making business?
Over the past decade, second-hand cars, second-hand 3C, second-hand books and other fields have developed a more mature platform economic model. It is not a difficult problem to make circular economy into a clear business model and a sustainable industry. The experience of
these industries shows that if the "regular army" of photovoltaic enterprises wants to enter the market, in addition to the innovation of professional and technical capabilities, they should embrace the dividends of the platform model in order to get rid of the dilemma of "losing money and earning a shout".
It is worth noting that the government and industry associations are also trying to help photovoltaic enterprises innovate their business models. In Chapters IV and V of the Case Interpretation of the Implementation Plan for Promoting the High-quality Development of New Energy in the New Era issued by the
State Energy Administration in May this year, it is proposed to promote the development of retired wind turbines, photovoltaic modules recovery and treatment technology and related new industrial chains, and to "establish a reasonable business model" and "speed up policies and standards". As soon as possible, we should improve the industry standards, technical specifications, certification system and so on, as the focus of the next step.
Reporters noted that on June 20 this year, China Photovoltaic Industry Association set up a working group on photovoltaic module recycling to promote business model innovation of module recycling, which has also become one of the main purposes of the working group. Under the retirement tide of
photovoltaic modules, the new growth point of the industry is emerging. Photovoltaic enterprises should not only have a sense of urgency to build a green closed-loop, but also find a sustainable business model.
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