Among them, two enterprises headquartered in Anhui, Huasheng New Energy and Guosheng Energy, are the most active. Another veteran company, Diamond Glass, has decisively chosen the HJT technology route after the cross-border photovoltaic cell industry, and has 1.
In addition, Tongwei has built a 1G W heterojunction cell pilot line. Suzhou Luneng and Jinneng Technology also have 1G W heterojunction battery capacity.
However, in terms of cost, the cost of HJT is much higher than that of PERC and TOPCon batteries. According to the current mainstream technology route, the single GW investment of TOPCon battery equipment is 1.
Therefore, Xing Guoqiang, chief technology officer of Tongwei Stock Company, said that the three key "keys" of HJT's large-scale production are to improve efficiency and widen the gap between PERC and TOPCon. Reduce metallization costs and competitive component costs through technologies such as silver-clad copper.
Whether Xing Guoqiang or other industry experts, the path of HJT to improve efficiency and reduce costs is clear. However, due to the current cost pressure, the existing production capacity is still relatively small, but all kinds of heroes have been eyeing covetously and put forward ambitious expansion plans. As of
2022, there are 38 enterprises, with 53 HJT projects planned and under construction, with a total capacity of 330.
" Two types of enterprises have attracted attention. The first type of enterprises is the central enterprises. For example, China Building Materials Group invested 5 billion yuan to build a 5GW HJT project in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China Resources Power and Aikang Science and Technology cooperated to build a 12GW heterojunction battery project in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, Huaneng Group built a 5G W heterojunction battery project in Dali, Yunnan Province, and the State Power Investment Corporation built a 5G W capacity in Longgang, Zhejiang Province. HJT has become an important breakthrough for central enterprises to enter the photovoltaic manufacturing industry. Although in terms of technology accumulation, the central enterprises have some deficiencies, but in terms of capital and market, the central enterprises have absolute voice. They solve the problem of technical reserve through cooperation with private enterprises. For example, the cooperation between China Resources, State Power Investment Corporation and Aikang Science and Technology, and the cooperation between Huaneng and Huasheng New Energy will contribute to the smooth progress of the project.
The second type of enterprises is cross-border enterprises. Most of these cross-border enterprises have strong capital strength, or encounter performance growth bottlenecks in the original industry, hoping to establish a second growth industry through cross-border photovoltaic. Among them, typical enterprises such as Mingpai Jewelry, Three-Five Interconnection, Zhengye Science and Technology, Ovi Communications, etc., have crossed the border into the field of photovoltaic cells and chosen the HJT track to avoid direct competition with traditional battery component giants and take a differentiated development route. At the same time, fewer processes of HJT are also friendly to cross-border photovoltaic enterprises.
In this paper, six enterprises in the field of HJT are selected to explore their future development trends from the aspects of production capacity, technology accumulation and strategic determination.
1
Huasheng New Energy
Founded in 2020, Huasheng New Energy has become the industry leader in terms of capacity planning, market expansion and technical route promotion. Up to now, the production capacity
of Huasheng New Energy is 5.1GW. In addition, it has planned 35 in Hefei, Xuancheng, Anhui and Wuxi, Jiangsu. According to the introduction of Huasheng New Energy, the planned production capacity of HJT will reach 15GW in 2023, and it will become the first company in the world whose effective production capacity of HJT exceeds 10GW. Among them, the planned shipment volume exceeds 4G W.
In addition to capacity planning, Huasheng has also made important breakthroughs in new energy technology. According to Xu Xiaohua, chairman of Huasheng New Energy, the average efficiency of single-sided microcrystals of Huasheng New Energy has reached 24.93%, which is expected to exceed 25% in early 2023, and the production efficiency of HJT will reach 26 in 2025.
In terms of talent reserve, Xu Xiaohua, the founder of Huasheng New Energy, served as vice president of Hanneng Group. He has participated in and led a number of research and development and industrialization projects of silicon-based thin films and HJT batteries. Its CEO is Zhou Dan, former chairman and general manager of Tongwei Solar Energy, and Wang Wenjing, chief technology officer, was a professor, doctoral supervisor and director of solar cell technology research department of the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It can be said that the talent reserve is sufficient. On the
market side, Huasheng New Energy signed a sales order for 10g W heterojunction photovoltaic modules with East China Institute of Power Construction. This has a significant role in promoting the expansion of HJT battery components.
As a leading enterprise in the field of batteries, Tongwei has accumulated years of research and development in battery technology, and has reserves in HJT, TOPCon and other battery technologies.
Industry experts said that Tongwei likes to use mature technology to quickly achieve low-cost solutions to achieve profitability, and invests huge resources in the development of HJT copper plating, double-sided microcrystalline and HJT batteries. Moreover, the route of copper electroplating, as an important aspect of battery cost reduction, is a cutting-edge technology that any battery company will attach importance to. Xie Yi, former chairman
of Tongwei, has also said that the company has long been optimistic about the development potential of HJT battery technology, and has continued to tackle a series of key problems around the cost reduction and efficiency enhancement of HJT batteries. At present, the company's highest R & D efficiency of HJT batteries has reached 25.
Although Tongwei does not bet on the battery technology route, However, HJT has established a 1GW pilot line. With Tongwei's strength in both operation and technical reserve, if HJT's technical economy meets the expected revenue, then the expansion and technological transformation of the project are relatively easy to achieve, so Tongwei is also a force that can not be ignored in the field of heterojunction batteries.
3
Dongfang Rish
eng Dongfang Risheng Heterojunction Battery Project started in 2019 and has corresponding technical reserves. At present, Dongfang Risheng has built a 500 MW pilot line in Jintan, Jiangsu. In the first half of 2023, it is planned to build a capacity of 5GW, and by the end of the year, the capacity will reach 15GW.
For Dongfang Risheng, whether its original P-type battery capacity has become a burden for its development of HJT, and whether it firmly takes the HJT route needs further observation.
4
Aikang Technology
At the end of 2022, Aikang Technology said on the interactive platform for investors that its HJT production capacity was 820MW, and the second production line of 600MW had been commissioned and had entered the stage of climbing mass production. 820MW, for the current photovoltaic industry, is not really a capacity that can support the industry structure. But at present, many enterprises'HJT technology stays in the laboratory stage, even mass production is in the pilot line stage, and Aikang Technology has nearly gigawatt production capacity, which can be said to be not easy. In terms of
technology, Aikang Technology began to develop HJT technology as early as 2012. At present, the average efficiency of its battery is 24.7%, the double-sided rate is 95%, and the conversion efficiency is 24. According to the official website of Aikang Group, Aikang Technology can achieve mass production of 100 μm thick silicon wafers. At a time when the price of silicon materials is at a high level, the cost will undoubtedly be greatly reduced. In terms of
talents, Aikang Technologies hired HJT battery inventor Kushan Jingyi as its chief technical adviser, and in October 2022, it hired former Trina Solar Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Zhu Zhiguo as its executive vice president, which can be said to have laid a foundation for the further development of the enterprise in terms of talent reserve.
In addition, Aikang Technologies has chosen to cooperate strategically with state-owned enterprises, such as China Resources Power and State Power Investment Corporation, to build tens of gigawatts of heterojunction battery capacity in Zhejiang. This will help solve the problems of capital and market expansion.
5
Jinneng Science and Technology
Jinneng Science and Technology is one of the earliest enterprises in China to develop and mass-produce HJT batteries. As early as 2015, Jinneng Science and Technology started the heterojunction pilot project, which is the first Chinese manufacturer to realize the mass production of heterojunction technology. In 2019, Jinneng Science and Technology made a breakthrough in the mass production efficiency of heterojunction batteries. In 2021, Jinneng Science and Technology joined hands with upstream and downstream enterprises to build an innovative ecosystem, and cooperated with Jinchen Co., Ltd. to develop the first domestic microcrystalline heterojunction PECVD process equipment, effectively driving the localization process of heterojunction equipment.
In addition, Jinneng Science and Technology also promotes the cost reduction of heterojunction in the fields of slurry consumption, silicon wafer thinning, silver and copper slurry application, and indium target optimization. In terms of
production capacity, so far, Jinneng Technology has about 1 GW of heterojunction battery production capacity.
6
Jingang Photovoltaic
In September 2022, as a listed company, Jingang Glass announced that it would change its name to Jingang Photovoltaic, indicating its determination to take root in the photovoltaic field and expand its photovoltaic business. Diamond Glass announced its entry into the field of heterojunction battery module manufacturing in 2021, and then threw out 1.2022. In terms of production capacity, it can be said that Diamond Photovoltaic is one step ahead of others and has established a certain capacity advantage.
Since then, in June 2022, Jingang Photovoltaic announced that it would invest 4.8 GW heterojunction technology, the average conversion efficiency of diamond photovoltaic heterojunction cells is 25.3%, the highest efficiency is 25.6%, and the yield is 96.
For the HJT cell sales contract signed with REC Solar Pte. Ltd in 2022, the cumulative amount of orders is equivalent to about RMB 2.
Compared with TOPCon, the HJT field is still in the initial stage of development, so the industry giants adopt a multi-development strategy and do not easily indicate the technical route. However, other newly promoted enterprises have firm strategic determination and invest a lot of resources in technology research and development and capacity expansion, which will quickly establish their position in the industry. With abundant capital, some enterprises have joined the HJT field with huge investment, hoping to gain a firm foothold in the industry.
As Xu Xiaohua of Huasheng Energy said, 2023 will be a year for HJT to grow rapidly. Those enterprises can make breakthroughs in technology cost reduction, lead heterojunction battery technology to form industrial ecology, expand market space, and become the industry leader.
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