In order to effectively improve the quality of automatic monitoring data of key pollutant discharge units, we should crack down on the illegal and criminal acts of falsifying automatic monitoring data. In 2022, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, in conjunction with the Supreme People's Procuratorate and the Ministry of Public Security, continued to launch a nationwide campaign to crack down on hazardous waste environmental crimes and falsification of automatic monitoring data of key pollutant discharge units.
At the same time, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment began to publish typical cases from time to time, aiming to maintain the high-pressure situation of severe punishment for environmental violations and crimes, and give full play to the exemplary and guiding role of typical cases.
In the field of automatic monitoring, since 2022, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has published three batches of 20 typical cases in June 2022, November 2022 and February 2023.
From the perspective of geographical distribution, the 20 typical cases involve 12 provinces including Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Henan, Yunnan, Tianjin, Hebei, Fujian, Shandong, Hubei and Sichuan. Among them, more typical cases were reported in the eastern and central regions, accounting for 90% of the total. For example, there were three cases in Zhejiang, three in Anhui, and two in Jiangsu, Tianjin, Shandong and Fujian. There are only one case in Sichuan and one case in Yunnan in the western region. It is not difficult to see that the law enforcement in the eastern and central regions is relatively strong, the level of case handling is relatively high, and the cases have high enlightenment significance and reference value.
From the perspective of illegal subjects, 20 typical cases involved 19 enterprises and 1 third-party testing institution. Among them, 19 enterprises mostly come from traditional industries such as textile, steel, energy, cement, building materials, food and so on. From the perspective of illegal areas, 5 cases involved atmospheric environmental pollution and 15 cases involved water environmental pollution.
From the point of view of illegal situation, there are both simple and crude, such as Taixin Coal Gangue Brick Factory in Ningyang County, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, intentionally disconnecting the power supply of data acquisition instrument to interfere with automatic monitoring; There are also "highly skilled" ones, such as Fujian Quanzhou Strait Cement Co., Ltd., which installs resistors on the flue gas temperature detector, resulting in automatic monitoring of flue gas flow and emission reduction. For example
, the staff of Jinmen Sewage Treatment Co., Ltd. in Xinmi City, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province first interfered with the COD automatic monitoring data by diluting the water sample, and then modified the digestion time parameters of the COD automatic monitoring equipment without authorization, which directly led to the low COD monitoring concentration; The staff of Hubei Xianning Qile Knitting Printing and Dyeing Co., Ltd. used the embedded software of automatic monitoring equipment to artificially modify the COD correction factor and tamper with the generated false monitoring data. For
example, Liu, the person in charge of environmental protection of Tianjin Dongsheng Industry and Trade Co., Ltd., modified the benchmark oxygen content many times, resulting in the reduction of the converted concentration of nitrogen oxides; There are also those who bribe others, such as Anhui Lu'an Ocean Feather Co., Ltd., which entrusts a third-party testing agency, Anhui Lvshi Testing Technology Co., Ltd., to forge comparative monitoring data. & nbsp; & nbsp;
Why does fraud in the field of automatic monitoring persist despite repeated prohibitions?
In recent years, various localities and departments have continuously organized special actions to crack down on the falsification of automatic monitoring data by key pollutant discharge units, and severely cracked down on the illegal and criminal acts of tampering with or falsifying automatic monitoring data or interfering with the normal operation of automatic monitoring facilities by key pollutant discharge units. However, there are still individual enterprises that prefer to commit crimes against the wind. Nowadays, the field of automatic monitoring is one of the areas where environmental violations occur frequently. Why are the related violations prohibited repeatedly?
On the one hand, enterprises have weak legal awareness and strong interest impulse. The purpose of fraud is to cover up the illegal acts of excessive emissions. The realistic reason for excessive discharge is to save money for pollution control, so that pollution prevention and control facilities, on-line monitoring facilities, become the decoration to deal with law enforcement inspection, and even become a cover for excessive discharge. & nbsp; & nbsp;
Some third-party organizations are also driven by interests, "taking people's money to eliminate disasters for others". In order to meet the "special" requirements of customers, they fabricate and tamper with test data, provide false reports, and help them smoothly "clear customs", in order to collect additional "benefit fees" and obtain more customer resources. For example, in a typical case recently reported by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Hutai New Building Materials Co., Ltd. of Linquan County, Anhui Province, has commissioned an environmental protection material company to lay a secret gas pipeline since 2019 to dilute the concentration of pollutants by filling nitrogen into the sample gas, so as to achieve the goal of "qualified" automatic monitoring data.
On the other hand, the content of automatic monitoring technology is relatively high, and there are situations in which illegal acts are easy to eliminate, facts are difficult to find out, and evidence is difficult to fix. In particular, some operation and maintenance units are skilled in technology and deliberately falsify in pursuit of interests, which makes it difficult to find out at the first time, thus prompting sewage discharge units to take chances and prefer to take risks.
In view of the repeated fraud in the field of automatic monitoring, the best countermeasure is to continuously improve the supervision and law enforcement ability of the ecological environment departments, especially the grass-roots ecological environment departments, to maintain the high-pressure situation of supervision and law enforcement, to release the strong signal of strict supervision, and to completely eliminate the fluke mentality of the pollutant discharge units. In May
2022, the responsible person of the relevant department and Bureau of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment stated his position at the press conference: "Whoever practices fraud will touch the'live high-voltage line '. We are determined to have'zero tolerance' and investigate and punish them as soon as they are found."
"Fidelity" and "anti-counterfeiting" promote the gradual reduction of environmental violations in the field of automatic monitoring. In fact, the harm caused by the "pollution" of automatic monitoring data is greater than ecological environment pollution itself. For this reason, in recent years, efforts to crack down on environmental violations in the field of automatic monitoring have been increasing. In January
2022, the State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Modernization of Market Supervision", strictly supervising the operation and maintenance organizations of automatic monitoring (measuring) equipment for pollution sources of pollutant discharge units, and severely cracking down on the fraud of automatic monitoring (measuring) data.
In the same month, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the 14th Five-Year Plan for Eco-environmental Monitoring, which proposed to "improve the management, restraint, investigation and handling mechanism of illegal acts such as monitoring data fraud, strictly investigate and punish data fraud, and ensure the authenticity and accuracy of monitoring data." Since
2020, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Supreme People's Procuratorate and the Ministry of Public Security have continuously organized special actions to severely crack down on environmental violations and crimes involving hazardous wastes. In 2021, environmental violations and crimes involving falsification of automatic monitoring data of key pollutant discharge units will be included in the scope of the special actions. In July
2022, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Marking Rules for Automatic Monitoring Equipment of Pollutant Discharge, which promoted the automatic monitoring and management of pollutant discharge into a refined, scientific and modern track.
In addition, in recent years, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has vigorously promoted the standardization of monitoring, and has issued more than 1200 monitoring standards. At the same time, we should implement the supplementary requirements for the evaluation of monitoring institutions, strictly control the access in advance and the quality of the whole process, and implement the responsibility traceability system of "who is responsible for the number, who is responsible for the signature" from the source.
According to statistics, from January 2021 to September 2022, the national ecological environment system investigated and dealt with more than 2000 cases of environmental violations involving automatic monitoring, transferred more than 300 cases to public security organs, and fined more than 200 million yuan. More than 30 EIA units have been seriously investigated and dealt with for falsification of EIA documents and more than 120 typical cases of falsification of environmental monitoring data.
Generally speaking, under the strong deterrence of "fidelity" and "anti-counterfeiting", environmental violations in the field of automatic monitoring are gradually reduced.
Taking Anhui as an example, in recent years, the number of enterprises whose daily average value of automatic monitoring data exceeds the standard in Anhui Province has decreased year by year, with a decrease of 38.7% in 2021 compared with 2020, and a decrease of 35.9% in January-October 2022 compared with the same period last year. In the field of
ecological and environmental protection, we reject any form of fraud, and in the field of automatic monitoring, we also adhere to "zero tolerance". All those who practice fraud will be severely punished, so that they will "lose more than they gain." All those who are suspected of committing crimes will be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law and will never be tolerated.
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