The Pearl River, the second largest river in China in terms of total water resources, has numerous tributaries and diverse waterways. Among them, Xijiang River is the main stream of the Pearl River system.
Dateng Gorge, the largest and longest gorge in Guangxi, is located in the lower reaches of the Qianjiang River in the Xijiang River system. It guards the throat of water transportation in the southwest of China and controls 56% of the Xijiang River basin area and water resources. Because of its special geographical location and strategic position, it is known as the "Three Gorges" on the Pearl River and is a natural dam site. At the exit
of Datengxia, Datengxia Water Conservancy Project (Datengxia Project for short), which integrates flood control, shipping, power generation, water resources allocation, irrigation and other comprehensive benefits, is located here. The single-stage ship lock with the largest scale and the highest water head
in China, the herringbone gate at the lower lock head of the ship lock which can be called "the first gate in the world", the largest axial-flow Kaplan turbine generator unit in the country, and the largest water ecological protection system in the national water conservancy project.. Many technical indicators of the project are the highest in the country or the world. All units
of Datengxia Water Control Project are put into operation to generate electricity! This indicates that the main part of the Datengxia Project has been completed four months ahead of the construction period approved by the state, and has begun to bring great comprehensive benefits into full play. In November
2014, under the scientific decision-making of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the construction of Datengxia Water Conservancy Project, which bears the dreams of generations, was officially started.
"The total storage capacity of Datengxia Project 34." Deng Xunfa, general manager of Guangxi Datengxia Water Conservancy Project Development Co., Ltd. (Hereinafter referred to as "Datengxia Company"), said that since the start of the project, they have always insisted on leading the construction of first-class water conservancy projects with high-quality party building, and strictly controlled the integrity of the project. In accordance with the new management concept of "four lines and three modernizations" of sticking to the red line of safety, building the bottom line of quality, grasping the main line of progress, strictly controlling the "on-line" of investment and standardization, specialization and refinement, we should unite and lead all parties involved in the construction to take on the responsibility bravely, overcome difficulties, meet severe challenges again and again, and overcome difficulties and obstacles one after another. Torrential rains and floods occurred frequently in
the Xijiang River, causing heavy losses in flood disasters in history. Xiao Qiang, deputy general manager of Datengxia Company, introduced that after the construction of Datengxia Project, it had been attacked by winter flood once in 200 years, rainstorm once in 200 years and many typhoons and floods.
Faced with severe challenges, the builders implemented the "four pre-measures" of forecasting, early warning, rehearsal and pre-plan, penetrated the "four situations" defense of rain, water, danger and disaster, tightened the "four chains", strengthened technical support, material supply, team building, organization and coordination, repelled turbulent floods one after another, and built a solid one. Ensure the safety of the project during the flood season. The dam site of Datengxia
Project is located in the karst development area, which belongs to the typical karst landform.
"Building a project here is like building a house on a hornet's nest, and a large amount of karst water often threatens the safety of foundation pit construction." Recalling the construction scene, Li Zhanfeng, deputy general manager of China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Eighth Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., still has a lingering fear.
The builders used advanced geophysical prospecting equipment such as acoustic velocity measurement, ground penetrating radar and transient electromagnetic to find out the distribution range and development degree of karst gullies, and through curtain grouting and consolidation grouting, cut off the underground karst pipeline and connect with the outer river. Measures such as concrete backfilling back pressure and pump relay drainage are taken to effectively control the water level and ensure the safety of foundation pit and construction.
Concrete temperature control is a worldwide problem, and a small crack can cause fatal damage to the dam. Builders have developed an intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete. Through more than 8000 digital temperature sensors throughout the construction area, the automatic sensing, interconnection, transmission and analysis of temperature information in the whole process of aggregate precooling, concrete mixing, transportation and pouring are realized. Xie Ji'an, Director of Engineering Construction Department
of Datengxia Company, said that once the temperature change of concrete exceeds the set threshold, an early warning will be issued, and the flow of cooling water pipes on the warehouse surface will be automatically adjusted to regulate the cooling rate, so as to ensure the quality of concrete construction and prevent the occurrence of harmful cracks in the dam body.
It is with the joint efforts of the builders that the project has been smoothly promoted, and the main project has been completed ahead of schedule and put into full operation. The main buildings of Datengxia Project
, known as the "Museum of Water Conservancy Engineering"
, include retaining dams, sluices, power plants, ship locks, irrigation and water intake facilities and fishways, and many technical indicators of its construction are the highest in the country or the world. It is called the "Museum of Hydraulic Engineering".
There is a single-stage lock with the highest water head in the country. The miter gate at the lower lock head
of Datengxia Project is 47.
Such a huge object requires the accuracy of the gate leaf axis to be 0. Yan Laiguang, then the chief engineer of Datengxia Company, said that the company listed the installation of the miter gate at the lower lock head of Datengxia Project as a major scientific research project to carry out special research. Organize and coordinate the design, supervision, equipment manufacturing and installation construction units to jointly tackle key problems, through computer three-dimensional simulation and site working condition simulation, repeated test and selection, and constantly improve the construction technology to ensure the smooth completion of the gate installation. The diameter of the mushroom head of the bottom pivot of the miter gate at the lower head of the
ship lock is 1. In the process of casting and forging, Datengxia Company organized the manufacturing unit to adopt new technologies such as electroslag remelting, rapid forging of large-tonnage press and combined casting and forging, which creatively solved the technical problems in the industry and provided a reference for the manufacture of similar products.
There is the largest Kaplan turbine generator unit in China.
The Datengxia Project is equipped with eight axial-flow Kaplan turbine-generator units with a single unit capacity of 200,000 kilowatts, with a thrust load of 3,800 tons, and its technical indicators rank first in this type of units in China.
"The 72-hour trial operation of each unit was carried out before it was formally connected to the grid for power generation. The results showed that the unit throw, bearing Bush temperature, mechanical vibration and other performance indicators met or exceeded the design requirements. Taking the vertical vibration throw of the frame as an example, the accuracy was controlled at 0." Luo Hongyun, director of Datengxia Hydropower Plant, said proudly.
It has the largest water ecological protection system in the national water conservancy project. In order to achieve a win-win situation of high-quality engineering construction and high-level ecological protection, Datengxia Company adheres to the concept that green water and green hills are Jinshan and Yinshan, invests heavily in ecological environment protection and soil and water conservation, and builds the largest water ecological protection system in the national water conservancy project, including "one fish conservation center, two fish channels, two breeding stations and five artificial habitats".
"One Fish Conservation Center" means the Red River Rare Fish Conservation Center. This is the first fish breeding research center in China, which is set up by local governments, organized by river basin management agencies and jointly participated by cascade owners.
"Double fishway" refers to the main dam fishway of Qianjiang River and the ecological fishway of Nanmujiang River, which have been put into use, providing a dam-crossing channel for the migration and breeding of rare fish in Hongshui River. In 2022, 49 fish species were observed in the ecological fishway of Nanmujiang River.
"Double proliferation stations" include Datengxia Fish Proliferation Station and Hongshui River Rare Fish Proliferation and Protection Station in Laibin City. At present, the two breeding stations have successfully bred nine kinds of rare fish such as black carp, and 16 times of breeding and releasing have been carried out in the past three years, with a total of 10.8 million fish released, enriching the biodiversity of the Pearl River Basin.
Serving the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and promoting the high-quality development
of economy and society in the basin are the landmark projects of 172 major water conservancy projects for water saving and water supply in the country, the key control projects for flood control in the Pearl River Basin and the key projects for water resources allocation. Datengxia Project directly serves the major national development strategy of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area construction and the high-quality economic and social development of the basin. The completion of the main project is an important milestone in the development and management of the Pearl River.
It is the "trump card" of flood control to protect the Pearl River. After the completion of
the Datengxia Project, the biggest short board of flood control in the Pearl River Basin has been completed, and it has become the "trump card" of flood control in the basin, which has an overall control effect on floods in the basin, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Xijiang River. Hua Rongsun, director of the hub management center
of Datengxia Company, introduced that the joint operation of Datengxia Project and reservoir group in the basin can raise the flood control standard of Wuzhou City, a key national flood control city, from once in 50 years to once in 100 years, and raise the flood control standard of key flood control protection objects in the Northwest River Delta to once in 100 to 200 years.
In 2022, there were four numbered floods in Xijiang. At that time, the Datengxia Project, which was still in the construction period, brought the maximum flood control benefit into play by utilizing the limited reservoir capacity.
At the same time as the fourth flood of the Xijiang River, the Beijiang River suffered the largest flood since 1915. At the critical moment, the Datengxia Project precisely impounded 700 million cubic meters of flood water, and the maximum peak of the reservoir was cut by 3500 cubic meters per second, thus avoiding the flood peaks of the Xijiang and Beijiang rivers and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property in the middle and lower reaches of the Xijiang and Beijiang rivers and the Pearl River Delta.
It has laid a solid foundation for the important "knot" of the national water network.
In the overall layout of the national water network construction, the Datengxia Project has been identified as an important regulation and storage node in the Southeast Pearl River Delta and the Beibu Gulf regional network.By optimizing the water resources allocation pattern and enhancing the water resources regulation and control capacity, it focuses on solving the problems of water resources security and flood control security in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Beibu Gulf and other regions.
It builds a water safety barrier for Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.
As the nearest large-scale water conservancy project with emergency water diversion function to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area on the Xijiang River, the response time of emergency water diversion has been shortened from 10 days to 3 days after the completion of the Datengxia Project, and the efficiency and accuracy of water diversion have been greatly improved.
Hua Rongsun said that since it was put into operation, the Datengxia Project has implemented key dispatch for three consecutive years in the critical period of extremely low water supply, with a cumulative emergency water supply of 1.8 billion cubic meters, ensuring that the people of the Pearl River Delta, including Macao and Zhuhai, can drink happy water, safe water and safe water. According to the plan, the Datengxia Project can also transport high-quality Xijiang water resources to Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area important cities such as Hong Kong and Shenzhen through joint dispatch to ensure the safety of water use for more than 70 million people.
As a golden waterway, it effectively releases the "golden benefit".
The Xijiang River system, which connects Yunnan and Guizhou, traverses Guangxi and connects the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, is an important part of the southwest waterway to the sea in China. As an important project supporting the national strategic construction of the Pearl River-Xijiang Economic Belt, the completion of the Datengxia Project has opened up the key nodes of the 100-million-ton golden waterway of the Xijiang River, greatly improving the transport capacity of the waterway: 2500-ton ships can sail to Liuzhou, and 3000-ton ships can reach the guests directly. The navigation of Qianjiang River has increased from 300 tons to 3000 tons, the highest level of inland river shipping in China, with an average annual freight volume of 52 million tons.
"At present, Datengxia Lock has achieved 24-hour navigation, with a single cargo volume of up to 1. Since the navigation in 2020, the cumulative load of ships passing through the lock has exceeded 1," said Wang Xiaolin, director of the Lock Management Center of Datengxia Company.
It connects the "clean energy corridor" of the basin. The
main stream of the Xijiang River is a "rich mine" of water resources. There are ten cascade hydropower stations in the Hongshui River Hydropower Base planned and constructed by the state, and the Datengxia Project is the last one. The completion of the Datengxia Project marks the full completion of the development of the Hongshui River Hydropower Base and the full connection of the "clean energy corridor" in the basin. Compared
with the other nine cascade hydropower stations, Datengxia project has the outstanding characteristics of good regulation performance, high power generation efficiency, excellent power quality and strong public welfare function, and is the main power station in Guangxi power grid. Its annual average power generation can reach 60. Up to now, the cumulative power generation of Datengxia Project has exceeded 11.9 billion degrees.
In addition, the Datengxia Project has also contributed to the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy. Datengxia Company actively supports the local government to promote the construction of Datengxia Irrigation District, improve the production and living conditions of migrants, and help solve the problem of 1.206 million mu of cultivated land and 138.
"Datengxia Company will transform the effect of learning and implementing the theme education of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era into a powerful driving force to promote the development of Datengxia Project and the company's high-quality development, and strive to build Datengxia Irrigation District." We will unswervingly promote the comprehensive and strict administration of the Party and strive to write a new chapter of Datengxia in the practice of Chinese-style modern water conservancy. Wu Xiaolong, party secretary and chairman of Datengxia Company, said.
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