Photovoltaic power stations can be divided into centralized power stations and distributed power stations. Centralized power stations are generally built in the northwest region. Distributed power stations are relatively scattered, mainly including household photovoltaic and industrial and commercial photovoltaic. So, what is the difference between household photovoltaic and industrial and commercial photovoltaic?
First, what is household photovoltaic? Four operation modes of
household PV:
(1) Dealer mode
Dealers can be generally divided into two categories according to the type of enterprise. The former is a first-line photovoltaic enterprise with strong competitiveness. It usually sets up its own household photovoltaic business department and takes independent listing as the standard. It has several regional centers and provincial branches. Distributors and parent companies are relatively independent cooperative relations. The latter is a second-and third-tier photovoltaic brand, with the company's headquarters as the main target market and radiating outward.
(2) The system integrator model
is mostly evolved from the dealer model, but this model has stronger independent brand awareness, marketing power and organizational expansion impulse, relatively high market share and market vitality, and has obvious advantages in the regional market. Some distributors have the installation and construction technology, master the delivery channels and can identify the quality of household photovoltaic, in further depth, the formation of a system integration model.
(3) The national platform model
is literally to build a national platform to supply competitive (4) Leasing mode The leasing mode has the longest development time. When photovoltaic enterprises operate and develop business in different regions, they should find teams with better local resources and interpersonal network strength, cooperate with them and carry out market development and installation construction. 2. What is industrial and commercial photovoltaic? Three operation modes of
industrial and commercial photovoltaic:
(1) Unified purchase and marketing mode
, that is, the third-party investor is responsible for the investment, construction, operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power generation, enjoys the right to operate photovoltaic power generation, and all the generated electricity is sent to the public grid. Power supply enterprises are responsible for purchasing photovoltaic power generation in full. In this mode, photovoltaic power generation is basically used as a power source. In this way, investors can get relevant subsidies from the government. This is a commonly used mode of operation, especially some large wind farms and photovoltaic power stations are directly connected to the grid as power sources.
(2) Contract energy management mode
Contract energy management mode, that is, third-party investors invest in the construction of photovoltaic power supply, the generated electricity is given priority to meet the needs of users located in the same place as the photovoltaic power supply, the surplus electricity is connected to the grid, and the insufficient electricity is provided to users by grid enterprises according to the local sales price. In this mode, photovoltaic power generation is inverted and sent directly to farmers after being connected to the low-voltage grid, and investors receive government subsidies according to the total amount of electricity.
This mode realizes the base consumption of photovoltaic power generation, the surplus electricity is sold to the mains, and the insufficient electricity is supplied by the mains. The investment motivation of photovoltaic power generation projects under this mode is relatively complex, including projects mainly for self-use, projects with less self-use and mainly for others, and projects all for others.
(3) Self-generation and self-use mode
Self-generation and self-use mode, that is, the user builds the photovoltaic power station by himself, the generated electricity is limited for self-use, and the insufficient electricity is provided by the grid. The distributed power source and the user are located in the same place and are the same legal person. In this mode, the electricity generated by users is given priority to self-use, and the surplus electricity is sold to the grid enterprises according to the local electricity price standard. At the same time, the government subsidies are obtained according to the total electricity, and the grid enterprises collect the electricity charges for the off-grid electricity at the local sales price.
Three, what is the difference between the two?
In the installation process, household photovoltaic and industrial and commercial photovoltaic are also different. Relatively speaking, the installation capacity of household photovoltaic is small, but the installation points are more, the grid-connected process will be simpler, and the benefits will be more clear and direct, while the installation capacity of industrial and commercial photovoltaic is large, the installation points are relatively few, and the investment cost is higher. The
more obvious differences are mainly reflected in the scale of power plants, operation mode and declaration process.
1.2.2
. The former is a first-line photovoltaic enterprise with strong competitiveness. It usually sets up its own household photovoltaic business department and takes independent listing as the standard. It has several regional centers and provincial branches. Distributors and parent companies are relatively independent cooperative relations. The latter is a second-and third-tier photovoltaic brand, with the company's headquarters as the main target market and radiating outward.
(2) The system integrator model
is mostly evolved from the dealer model, but this model has stronger independent brand awareness, marketing power and organizational expansion impulse, relatively high market share and market vitality, and has obvious advantages in the regional market. Some distributors have the installation and construction technology, master the delivery channels and can identify the quality of household photovoltaic, in further depth, the formation of a system integration model.
(3) The national platform model
is literally to build a national platform, supply photovoltaic power generation system products with competitive prices, and even provide financial services such as loans and insurance to users, so as to complete all the work except market development, installation and construction. Agents of the national platform model face the national market, because of the risk of hoarding goods, the national platform model avoids this risk, but directly transfers products from the platform to supply users.
(4) Leasing mode
The leasing mode has the longest development time. When photovoltaic enterprises operate and develop business in different regions, they should find teams with better local resources and interpersonal network strength, cooperate with them and carry out market development and installation construction.
2. In this mode, photovoltaic power generation is basically used as a power source. In this way, investors can get relevant subsidies from the government. This is a commonly used mode of operation, especially some large wind farms and photovoltaic power stations are directly connected to the grid as power sources.
(2) Contract energy management mode
Contract energy management mode, that is, third-party investors invest in the construction of photovoltaic power supply, the generated electricity is given priority to meet the needs of users located in the same place as the photovoltaic power supply, the surplus electricity is connected to the grid, and the insufficient electricity is provided to users by grid enterprises according to the local sales price. In this mode, photovoltaic power generation is inverted and sent directly to farmers after being connected to the low-voltage grid, and investors receive government subsidies according to the total amount of electricity.
This mode realizes the base consumption of photovoltaic power generation, the surplus electricity is sold to the mains, and the insufficient electricity is supplied by the mains. The investment motivation of photovoltaic power generation projects under this mode is relatively complex, including projects mainly for self-use, projects with less self-use and mainly for others, and projects all for others.
(3) Self-generation and self-use mode
Self-generation and self-use mode, that is, the user builds the photovoltaic power station by himself, the generated electricity is limited for self-use, and the insufficient electricity is provided by the grid. The distributed power source and the user are located in the same place and are the same legal person. In this mode, the electricity generated by users is given priority to self-use, and the surplus electricity is sold to the grid enterprises according to the local electricity price standard. At the same time, the government subsidies are obtained according to the total electricity, and the grid enterprises collect the electricity charges for the off-grid electricity at the local sales price.
3. Declaration process
3.
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