green mine construction is the only way and inevitable option for high-quality development of mining industry and modern mine construction under the new situation. Recently, China Sandstone Association interviewed Ju Jianhua, former director of the Department of Mineral Resources Protection and Supervision of the Ministry of Natural Resources, during the 10th National Conference on Science and Technology of Sandstone and Aggregate Industry.
Director Ju Jianhua pointed out the latest requirements in the construction of green mines based on the current situation of green mine construction in China's sand and gravel industry, as well as the blockages and difficulties faced by sand and gravel mines, and pointed out the direction for the high-quality development of sand and gravel industry and the construction of green mines under the new situation.
China Sandstone Association: Would you please talk about the current situation of green mine construction in China?
Director Ju Jianhua: China's green mine construction has a history of nearly 20 years, which is a practical action for the mining industry to practice Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought. It has made important progress in theory and practice, and has been widely recognized by the society and the industry, and accepted by the international counterparts. The construction of green mines in the past 20 years has transformed the image of China's mining industry, become an important platform and starting point for the high-quality development of China's mining industry, and formed a typical green development model of implementing green exploration, ecological mining environment, scientific mining methods, efficient comprehensive utilization, informationized management, and harmonious mining community. The construction of green mines in China has achieved remarkable results.
At present, all parts of the country are actively promoting the construction of green mines, 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) regard it as a key task in the field of mineral resources management, 23 provinces have issued green mine management measures, construction plans and work plans, and some cities and counties have also issued corresponding institutional documents. Fifteen provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) have issued local standards for green mines. The General Plan for Mineral Resources (2021-2025) at the provincial, municipal and county levels has been formulated and issued to clarify the objectives, tasks, requirements and policy measures for the construction of green mines in various periods. Over the past few years, through enterprise self-evaluation, third-party evaluation, inspection and verification, more than 1200 mines have been selected into the national green mine list (including more than 300 sand and cement mines), and a large number of mining enterprises have entered the local directory or created databases at all levels. In recent years, the construction of green mines has achieved five major changes: first, from "I want to build" to "I want to build"; second, from "pilot exploration" to "comprehensive promotion"; third, from "administrative promotion" to "standard guidance"; fourth, from "enterprise self-discipline" to "social supervision"; fifth, from "advocacy and guidance" to "incentives and constraints". The pattern of green mine construction in China has basically taken shape.
China Sandstone Association: What are the blockages and difficulties in the green construction of sand and stone mines at present?
Director Ju Jianhua: According to the analysis of the supply and demand situation of mineral resources, the overall demand for mineral resources in China will be on the rise by 2030. With the rapid growth of strategic emerging industries, the demand for many mineral resources will be doubled. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that mineral resources are an important material basis for economic and social development, and the exploration and development of mineral resources are related to the national economy, people's livelihood and national security. Actively implement the concept of green development, increase exploration efforts, and strengthen scientific and technological research. At present, the number of sand and stone mines is large, the adjustment of scale structure is accelerated, the economic contribution is great, and the construction of green mines has achieved remarkable results, but the next task is more arduous. The main problems it faces are as follows: first, the foundation of the mine is weak, the degree of intensification is low, and the ecological environment problem is still very prominent; second, the mine has many historical debts; third, the understanding of the connotation is not comprehensive, and there is a cognitive deviation, such as the lack of understanding of "greening" and "greening", high investment and high cost, little benefit and no return, etc; Fourth, the lack of motivation to create, the lack of initiative, or the lack of strength; fifth, the single means of promotion, the lack of strong restraint and incentive policies; sixth, the evaluation and identification mechanism has not yet been established, the lack of effective follow-up assessment. Therefore, the construction level and quality of some green mines are difficult to guarantee, and there is a phenomenon of returning to "ash". It can be said that there is still a long way to go to comprehensively promote the construction of green mines.
China Sandstone Association: How to Implement the Tasks and Objectives of Green Mine Construction? What are the latest requirements of the Party Central Committee for the construction of green mines?
Director Ju Jianhua: In April 2023, the Ministry of Natural Resources issued the Notice on Standardizing and Improving the Management of Sand and Gravel Mining, requiring that the requirements for the construction of green mines should be included in the announcement of the transfer of mining rights, and that the requirements for the establishment and the liability for breach of contract should be clearly defined in the contract for the transfer of mining rights. New sand and gravel mines should be built according to green mine standards, and production mines should have a clear time limit for improvement to gradually meet the requirements of green mines. We will comprehensively promote the efficient use of resources and continue to promote the intelligent and green construction of mines. The Ministry of Natural Resources proposed to co-ordinate the "point, line and surface" work deployment and build a new pattern of green mine development. Among them, the government strengthens the promotion and guidance, takes enterprises as the main body to carry out the construction of green mines, and links up the whole process of exploration, planning, design, construction, production and closure, so as to continuously improve the level of green mine construction; Promote the construction of green mines as a whole, and intensify the construction of green mining development demonstration zones.
According to the requirements of the state, I think we should build four supporting systems to speed up the formation of a new pattern of green mine development. First, we should improve the system of laws, regulations and policies. In the revision of the Mineral Resources Law, the formulation of local regulations and related systems, the concept of green development is taken as one of the core concepts, which runs through the whole process of mineral resources exploration, development, utilization, protection and ecological restoration, and policy incentives and support are strengthened. The second is to improve the standard evaluation system. We will accelerate the establishment of national standards, industry standards, local standards and enterprise standards, do a good job in publicizing and implementing green mine standards, and give full play to the leading role of standards and norms. Third, improve the ability of scientific and technological innovation. We will intensify the promotion and application of advanced technology and equipment, speed up the upgrading and transformation of enterprises, eliminate backward technology and equipment, improve labor productivity and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises. Fourth, strengthen the construction of management system. Administrative departments at all levels should strengthen coordination, establish a green mine supervision and management system, strengthen the target responsibility and assessment mechanism, establish a regular evaluation system, strengthen inspection and verification, and improve the green mine evaluation and assessment system; Mineral enterprises should establish modern enterprise management system, strengthen standardized management, compile enterprise green mine development report, highlight positive image, gain social recognition and consensus, and make green mine an important brand and green label reflecting the comprehensive level of enterprise management.
China Sand and Gravel Association: The sand and gravel industry is facing the important task of high-quality development of the mining industry and the construction of modern mines under the new situation. How should enterprises seize the opportunities of the new era?
Director Ju Jianhua: Improving the ability of scientific and technological innovation and enhancing the core competitiveness of enterprises are the foundation for meeting future challenges and opportunities based on the present. Firstly, we should strengthen the popularization and application of advanced and applicable technology and equipment, speed up the upgrading and transformation of enterprises, eliminate backward technology and equipment, and fully reflect the level of mine construction. At the same time, it also means that the competition among equipment enterprises will intensify, which will also enable equipment enterprises to increase investment and enhance R & D capabilities, and produce more and better equipment. Secondly, we should strengthen the exchange and cooperation of technical training, attract and train professionals, and strengthen technical exchanges. Third, ensure investment in R & D and technological transformation. Investment in technological transformation and scientific research should reach a certain proportion of the main business income. Innovation is not equal to high cost, which promotes production efficiency and reduces operating costs. Fourth, digital and intelligent enabling mine development. According to the principles of green, safety and high efficiency, we should promote the informationization of three-dimensional geological modeling, production automation equipment, remote monitoring operation, operation management and equipment control, and establish a good image of modern mines.
The 10th National Science and Technology Conference of Sand and Gravel Aggregate Industry held by China Sand and Gravel Association is particularly important for the sand and gravel industry, even the mining industry. It reflects the new progress of technological innovation in the industry, and is a very good driving force for improving the level of green construction of mines and accelerating the technological upgrading and transformation of enterprises. At the same time, it is also a very good platform for the soft and hard power of sand and gravel industry enterprises to go hand in hand and develop together. Only in this way can green mines truly become the green label and brand for the development of enterprises, and make greater contributions to the development of mining industry and the supply of national resources security.
Ju Jianhua, Ph. D., Researcher, Advisory Member of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Director of China Association of Mining Rights Appraisers, Vice Chairman of the United Nations Resource Management Expert Group, former Director of the Department of Mineral Resources Protection and Supervision of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Vice Director and Office Director of the National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee. Ju Jianhua has been engaged in natural resources management, strategic research, planning and policy standards formulation for a long time, organized and compiled important planning work such as national mineral resources planning, national land planning, land and resources planning, and successively presided over land and resources survey, national conditions survey of mineral resources, and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. To create and promote the development of green mining and the construction of green mines, more than 100 academic papers, monographs and national and industrial standards have been published and formulated, and many provincial science and technology awards have been awarded.
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