According to foreign media reports, the United States International Trade Commission recently held a mid-term hearing on the imposition of tariffs on imported crystalline silicon solar cells and components under Section 201. To discuss whether the latest round of import tariffs on solar photovoltaic products issued by President Biden in 2022 can achieve the original goal .
Earlier, US President Biden issued a new round of new tariff policies in 2022, ending on February 6, 2024. Traditional single-sided solar panels imported into the country are currently subject to a tariff of 14. The tariff rate is scheduled to fall by 0.25% per year until the February 6, 2026 deadline (14 in 2024). Among them, double-sided solar panels are not included in the tariff range, and the first batch of 5G W silicon solar cells imported into the United States are also exempted from any tariff.
On the same day, the United States " at the meeting, First Solar and Suniva said that the tariff policy is working and no change is needed. The American Photovoltaic Industry Association (SEIA), Hanwha, Atlas, Silfab Solar and Heliene have called for a substantial increase in the tariff quota for imported batteries to 20GW .
As the second largest single photovoltaic market in the world, the installed capacity of solar energy in the United States has increased dramatically in the past decade.
Although there is a very considerable market demand, the domestic photovoltaic manufacturing capacity in the United States is very weak, and it is extremely dependent on the import of photovoltaic products from other countries, especially from China. It is understood that at present, more than 50% of photovoltaic modules in the United States come from Chinese photovoltaic enterprises.
The United States has set up trade barriers to photovoltaic products in order to suppress China's photovoltaic industry.
In 2011 , the United States launched a "double-reaction" investigation on cells and components originating in China, requiring Chinese photovoltaic enterprises to pay dumping duties of up to 18.32%-249.96% on cells and components exported to the United States. 14.78% -15.
In 2014 , the United States expanded the scope of the "double reverse" investigation of photovoltaic products. Except for the products involved in the "double-reaction" investigation in 2011, other batteries and components are subject to the "double-reaction" investigation, and the scope is not limited to China. This time, the products involved are subject to dumping duties of 26.71%-151.98% and 27.64%-49.
By January 2018, the United States launched a four-year "201 clause".
However, in 2020 , Trump, then President of the United States, believed that since the implementation of the "201 clause" in 2018, the production capacity of photovoltaic cells in the United States began to increase, and the market share also increased, so further measures should be taken. As a result, the United States cancelled the previous tariff relief on double-sided modules and announced that the tariff rate on imported photovoltaic modules would be increased from 15% to 18% in 2021. In addition to protecting the development of local photovoltaic enterprises, the
United States also wants to suppress overseas photovoltaic enterprises, especially Chinese photovoltaic enterprises . However, the "wishful thinking" of the United States has not yet started.
contrast, in the United States, after the first implementation of the "201 clause" in 2018, the United States did open a new component manufacturing plant. But US demand far outstrips its domestic supply. In 2021, John Smirnow, vice president of SEIA, said publicly: " Since the implementation of the '201 clause', more than 10 million kilowatts of photovoltaic power plants in the United States have not been developed ." Decreased by about 6. "
It may be realized that the harsh photovoltaic tariff will do more harm than good to the local photovoltaic industry.". Compared with before, the photovoltaic tariff policy of the United States in 2022 has been slightly loosened.
2023, Jingao Technologies announced that it would invest $60 million in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, to build 2 GW photovoltaic module capacity, which is expected to be put into operation in the four seasons of 2023; In March
2023, Jingke Energy invested $81.37 million in a new 1 GW solar module production line in Jacksonville, Florida, USA. The original plant (JinkoSolar invested in the construction of 400MW module plant in Florida in 2018) was upgraded;
On March 14 , Longji Green Energy also announced that it would cooperate with Invenergy, an American clean energy developer, to build a 5 GW photovoltaic module plant in Ohio, USA. The plant is scheduled to open in April this year and put into operation by the end of the year, making it one of the largest photovoltaic module manufacturers in the United States.
On June 15, Atlas said it would build a solar photovoltaic module plant in Mesquite, Texas, with an annual output of 5 GW modules.
On August 10 , Maxeon, a subsidiary of TCL Central , announced that it would invest $1 billion to build a large-scale photovoltaic cell and module factory in New Mexico, USA.
So far, China's five photovoltaic module giants have gathered in the United States. But for Chinese enterprises that build factories in the United States, the future development is still full of uncertainty.
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