需求快速下滑 外来激增 降幅近百元的浙江水泥迎来拐点?

2021-06-28 09:06:17

有悲观的行业人士认为,若销量仍无好转,浙江将是下一个掀起战火的市场。

6月18日,浙中南金华、建德、衢州、丽水及沿海温州、台州、宁波、舟山等多地主要厂家大幅通知下调各品种水泥价格50元/吨。浙江刚刚完成第二轮普降。第三轮下跌已经开启,22日浙北杭嘉湖地区再次下跌30元/吨,6月以来浙江全省累计跌幅接近百元。

这是四年以来浙江二季度淡季下调幅度最大的一年(排除2020年因疫情影响导致的下跌)

作为全国水泥价格风向标的长三角地区,浙江省的水泥行情这几年来一直独领风骚。这一轮的下跌,究竟是季节性因素,抑或是行业拐点已至?

图1:除2020疫情影响外,今年淡季价格下调幅度最大

数据显示,价格大跌是由于近期浙江市场需求快速下滑,企业库存高企所致。据悉,6月初浙江市场渐入梅雨季节,雨水天气明显增多,市场需求走淡。正常来说,进入梅雨季节需求都会走淡,但今年需求下滑的速度较快,水泥大数据研究院数据显示,浙江地区5月中下旬的水泥发运率远低于前几年同期。

浙北地区一家粉磨站表示,“近期需求同比下滑8%左右,主要是钢材一下涨的太多,工地原材料大涨,施工放缓。”另外6月份两台磨机技改投产,新增产能对本处淡季的市场也有一定影响。沿海地区一家水泥企业反应,当前搅拌站竞争激烈,盈利情况较差,也影响到接单情况。除了需求的下滑,水泥熟料库存水平也高于往年。

图2:浙江省2021年5月中下旬水泥发运率远低于前几年同期

图3:水泥库存略高于前几年水平(2020年除外)

图4:熟料库存远高于前几年同期

数据来源:水泥大数据(https://data.ccement.com/)

温州地区某水泥企业销售负责人认为,“近期需求尚可,尽管受到雨水、中高考等因素影响销量有所下降,但属正常季节性下滑,近期的价格调整,或是由于北方南下水泥扰乱了正常市场秩序导致。”

温州是水泥消费大市,年消耗量在2000万吨左右,而当地仅有一个粉磨站,大多数水泥依靠外部流入,除了省内,北方已经成为温州重要的水泥输送地。近几年来,温州几乎每年都会有一个大型中转库投产,竞争逐渐激烈,利润空间大不如前。龙头企业海螺水泥通过旗下的贸易平台起着调节市场的作用。随着4月份北方逐渐开窑,源源不断地进入华东市场,挤占了原先企业的市场份额。降价,是淡季抵御外来水泥的重要动作。

另有水泥行业人士透露,“近两年,前几年因环保等原因关闭的粉磨站如雨后春笋般复苏,并且日子过得很滋润。”这些小粉磨站生产的水泥常常游走于质量标准的临界点上,加上缺斤少两,成本可比正规大企业低很多,抢占了不少民用市场,也拉低了袋装市场价格。

下半年市场走势如何?业内人士表示对今年浙江市场态度仍乐观。旺盛的需求,加上执行力度很强的去产能,是浙江市场能保持稳定高利润的制胜法宝。2014年到2020年,浙江省的熟料产量和产能分别下降了2.43%和21.61%,这两年产能利用率一直保持在100%。考虑到浙江地区还有不少外来的水泥熟料,本地产能供不应求,是支撑浙江水泥行业信心的重要原因。也有悲观的行业人士认为,这一轮下跌已触底,若销量仍无好转,浙江将是今年的河南、贵州后下一个掀起战火的。

图5:6年间浙江熟料产能压缩22%,产能利用率达到100%


已有远虑的企业认为,本轮水泥周期已经从过去的三年经验延长到了五年,今年下半年到明年上半年,或将迎来行业的拐点。如今各地零星燃起的战火,是一个先兆。

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Correlation

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2024-06-14 17:35:49