涨价100元/吨!难掩背后危机!贵州水泥市场最后的归宿在哪?

2021-08-25 09:11:33

正所谓“破而后立,晓喻新生”,贵州水泥行业如果最终走到通过完全市场竞争化解产能过剩,实现行业的新生,或许也是置之死地而后生的无奈之举。

据中国水泥网行情数据中心消息,近期贵州水泥价格迎来大幅上涨,涨幅普遍在50-60元/吨。今年以来,贵州水泥价格回暖趋势明显,从2月中旬270元/吨左右,至当前的370元/吨左右,累计涨幅达100元/吨左右。

如果仅仅从价格态势来看,似乎贵州水泥市场正在走出阴霾迎来新生,但事实恐怕没有这么乐观。当前,影响贵州水泥市场的不利因素依旧没有从根本上解决,未来贵州水泥市场走向何方存在极大的不确定性。

限电+错峰 力推贵州水泥价格回暖

从中国水泥网行情数据中心监测数据来看,近两周区域P.O42.5水泥平均价格累计涨幅达到60元/吨左右,与去年同期价格下跌30元/吨形成鲜明对比。

针对贵州当前水泥价格大幅度上涨,当地企业及业内相关人士表示,三大因素在其中起到了至关重要的作用。

1、限电严重部分企业已经被拉闸

据有关媒体报道,夏季用电高峰期,贵州电网出现电力供应紧张甚至短缺局面,进入七月下旬以来,贵州地区限电情况逐步升级,部分供电局发布限电通知,水泥企业限制用电负荷,导致企业生产受限。

当地某水泥企业则表示,现在限电情况非常严重,贵州西电东送到广东,最近广东台风结束,用电负荷加大,贵州每天电力缺口在300万度/秒,有的水泥企业已经被拉闸。

受各地区不同程度的限电影响,贵州水泥企业产能发挥不足,成本上升,进而带动水泥价格上涨。

2、价格长期低位叠加原材料成本上涨

据中国水泥网行情数据中心消息,贵州水泥价格长期处于低位,年后虽然出现明显上涨,但涨幅不大,整体价格在330元/吨左右,仍处于水泥价格洼地,企业上调水泥价格的意愿较强。

与此同时,今年大宗商品价格上涨趋势明显。动力煤价格一路走高,上半年动力煤均价816.5元/吨,较去年同期542.8元/吨暴涨50.4%,且短期内煤炭价格居高不下,水泥生产成本有增无减,导致水泥企业生产成本增加。

3、错峰生产加码行业自律提升

拉闸限电严重及原材料成本上涨给贵州水泥价格上涨提供了客观条件,错峰生产加码及行业自律提升则为本轮行情回暖提供了主观基础。

据中国水泥网消息,8月15日,贵州省水泥工业协会发布《关于进一步做好2021年三、四季度水泥行业错峰生产的通知》。《通知》显示,贵州三季度错峰生产30天,外销熟料抵扣时间减半。四季度错峰生产30天,不做外销熟料抵扣与代停,精准错峰,刚性停窑,四季度提前停窑。

当地企业表示,今年错峰生产力度有了明显提升。根据年初贵州省工信厅、生态环境厅联合下发《关于做好2021年度水泥行业错峰生产的通知》,2021年度贵州省生产硅酸盐水泥熟料的生产线,每条线停窑时间为100天,一季度不少于40天,二季度不少于20天,三季度不少于20天,四季度不少于20天。

实际上,三季度错峰30天,四季度计划错峰30天,错峰生产时间增加,一定程度上缓解了供需矛盾。

另外,当地企业也表示,在经历了长时间的价格低谷之后,业内企业有意识通过行业自律,避免市场恶性竞争,也在较大程度上为稳定和提振行情起到了积极作用。

投资力度下滑 地方债务高企 水泥市场需求难见提升

整体来看,今年上半年贵州水泥价格回升态势明显,尤其是近期更是出现了50-60元/吨的上涨,但是从上涨的因素不难看出,积极因素几乎都出在供给端,需求端的积极影响甚微。事实上,据中国水泥网行情数据中心的了解,贵州地区市场需求当前并未全面启动,市场需求不足也为本轮涨价能否完全到位埋下了隐患。

1、产能过剩问题依旧是困扰贵州水泥行业的关键

与国内多数地区一样,产能过剩问题是制约贵州水泥行业发展的关键。

据中国水泥网公布的“2020中国水泥熟料产能百强榜”显示,当前贵州全省水泥熟料产能达到9300万吨,然而由于超产情况的存在,据当地企业表示,贵州熟料实际产能超过1亿吨,水泥产能1.3亿吨,但省内需求仅8000多万吨,企业只能通过加大对四川、重庆、湖南、云南、广西、安徽等地的外运提升产能利用率,内部市场竞争压力较大。

与此同时,近年来贵州新建熟料产能力度却并不低。

根据中国水泥网大数据中心统计数据,2020年贵州投产熟料产能418.5万吨,排名全国第二;2019年投产139.5万吨,排名全国第五;2018年投产424.7万吨,排名全国第一。

产能集中度方面,西南水泥、海螺水泥合集产能占到贵州44.96%,但其余的台泥、红狮水泥、豪龙控股、鱼峰水泥、华润水泥、晴隆盘江、源锦水泥等企业产能占比基本在1%-6%之间。第一梯队没有绝对的话语权,第二梯队数量众多,且不乏竞争力极强的地方强企,导致贵州市场稳定性不足。在产能过剩背景下,错峰生产执行难度加大,市场更容易产生动摇。

2、扶贫工程收尾 重点项目少 市场需求不足

当地企业表示,贵州水泥市场之所以陷入泥潭,与前些年过度投资,水泥需求提前释放有着很大的关联。

业内人士指出,以往贵州贫困地区较多,为改善地区发展面貌,提升人民生活水平,实现脱贫致富,前些年政府新建了一大批的扶贫工程。相关统计数据显示,2017-2020年贵州省固定资产投资增速分别为20.1%、15.8%、1%、3.2%,步入2019年以后,固定资产投资增速出现了明显的断崖式下滑。

户户通、组组通工程拉动下,水泥需求虚假繁荣。如今,随着贵州扶贫工作基本完成,水泥需求陆续回落。

当地企业指出,当前贵州重点工程很少,较大程度上制约了水泥需求的发挥,民用和房地产成为当前水泥的主要需求来源,但是一方面贵州经济实力较弱,造血能力相对较低,限制了水泥需求增长;另一方面,房地产行业形势欠佳,难以为水泥需求提供强力支持,种种因素下水泥市场需求并不乐观。

3、地方债务高企 水泥需求难提振

地方债务问题突出,同样为贵州水泥市场需求提升带来制约。

由中国国债协会、中诚信国际信用评级有限责任公司共同编著的《中国地方政府债券发展报告(2021)》显示,在债务率上,全国有9个省份超过100%的临界值,其中贵州和内蒙古常年居于债务率前两位。

地方债的增长,一方面有望进一步推动有效投资扩大,另一方面则存在增加城市债务风险的可能。

文中还指出,贵州财政实力较弱,收入增速趋缓,财政平衡对上级补助的依赖程度较大。同时,2017~2019年间,贵州一般公共预算收入增速减缓,财政平衡率不断下滑,债务余额/一般公共预算收入2019年大幅上升,达3年内最高,贵州省偿债能力下降,因而债务风险不容小觑。

当地水泥企业表示,由于地方负债率较高,可能将进一步限制后期贵州大型基础建设的投资力度,进而影响水泥需求提升。

置之死地而后生 或成贵州水泥最后的归宿

当前,贵州水泥市场态势正吸引着业内众多关注的目光,不仅仅在于其长期处于价格洼地,更在于贵州水泥行业正在发生的问题,可能为国内其他区域未来水泥市场转型提供思考和借鉴。

那么面对市场困局,未来贵州水泥市场将何去何从?

当地某水泥企业负责人在与笔者交流过程中表示,由于需求端难以为行情提升提供有效支撑,因此短期来看,贵州水泥行业要维持市场稳定,仍然需要依靠严格执行错峰生产和行业自律,但是从长远来看,真正化解产能过剩才是一剂良药。不过,正所谓“良药苦口”,要想真正的化解产能过剩问题,并不容易。

上述企业负责人提出了三个方向:

1、加大落后产能淘汰力度。即,通过进一步严格要求能耗、环保等企业发展指标,对不符合要求的水泥企业执行关停政策。

2、严格产能置换政策,甚至出台地方法规,进一步提高产能置换比例,统一执行减量置换,严禁变相增量建设生产线。

3、利用市场机制,淘汰部分竞争力不足的生产线。

该企业负责人指出,当前贵州产能过剩问题尚未到难以调和之时,但是如果需求持续低迷,市场环境进一步恶化,未来错峰生产和行业自律恐怕也难以对市场稳定产生作用,届时回归市场竞争可能难以避免,而从现在的态势来看,由于长期需求难以看到强力回升,未来价格战的可能性正在越来越大。

该负责人称,化解产能过剩是贵州水泥市场破局的突破口,而市场行为可能会成为最终不得不迈出的一步。

正所谓“破而后立,晓喻新生”,贵州水泥行业如果最终走到通过完全市场竞争化解产能过剩,实现行业的新生,或许也是置之死地而后生的无奈之举。

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Correlation

Southwest concrete market is weak and stable

2025-04-03 16:36:44

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the cement market in southwest China has changed frequently. Prices in Sichuan and Yunnan have fluctuated and fluctuated recently. Cement prices in Chongqing have been stable after rising.

2025-03-31 15:24:35

Domestic concrete demand improved slightly this week, but the overall concrete price index slowed down due to the mixed rise and fall of raw material prices. From March 24 to March 28, the national concrete price index closed at 100.56 points, up 0.07% annually and 17.83% year-on-year.

2025-03-28 18:04:44

Southwest concrete market is temporarily stable

2025-03-28 16:26:21

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the cement market in Northeast China was stable as a whole last week, and the price did not fluctuate significantly.

2025-03-24 14:17:15

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the cement market in southwest China is weak. Prices in Sichuan are mainly stable, while cement prices in Chongqing and Yunnan are weak this week.

2025-03-24 13:26:12

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2025-03-23 23:59:23

This week, the domestic concrete market demand continued to improve, the upstream raw material cost continued to push up, the concrete price was mainly stable, followed by the partial increase in raw materials. From March 10 to March 14, the national concrete price index closed at 100.40 points, up 0.29% annually and down 18.40% year-on-year.

2025-03-14 18:26:29

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the cement market in southwest China is mixed. With the gradual recovery of market demand, Yunnan's demand is currently at a normal level of about 50%, the overall inventory level is not high, and prices remain basically stable.

2025-03-14 17:31:47

Weak and stable concrete market in southwest China

2025-03-14 16:49:32

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2025-03-07 18:07:16

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2025-03-07 17:55:06

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the cement market in southwest China is mixed. This week, the price of cement in Guizhou is basically stable, pushing up the price of cement by 60 yuan/ton in the early stage, but most enterprises have not yet implemented the rise, coupled with the dark drop in the transaction price of enterprises in the early stage, the overall implementation is not good.

2025-03-07 17:46:36

According to China Cement Market Data Center, cement prices in central and southern Guangdong, Pearl River Delta and western Guangdong have narrowed compared with the notification range, while market quotations in Guangxi have not changed significantly. At present, there has been a callback in Hunan's previous price increase area, and there has been no major change in Hubei.

2025-03-07 17:36:55

The market of concrete in southwest China is recovering slowly, and the price is weakening.

2025-03-07 16:53:37

Cement prices in Fujian, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Shaanxi, Guangdong, Hebei, Guizhou, Sichuan and other provinces began to rise in late February. After March, domestic cement prices continued to rise as a whole, and cement and clinker prices in the three northeastern provinces, the Yangtze River Delta and Hebei came out one after another.

2025-03-06 14:36:10

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2025-03-04 10:36:26

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the cement market in southwest China is mixed. Cement prices in Guizhou are mainly stable this week. According to market feedback, the weather in Guizhou has improved, the temperature has risen slightly, and the demand for cement has increased slightly.

2025-02-28 16:20:08

According to the data center of China Cement Network, the market in the Pearl River Delta, western Guangdong and northern Guangdong in central and southern China notified the price of cement to be raised by about 20-40 yuan/ton, while the price in Guangxi remained stable. Hunan Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan and other places began to push up the price of cement by about 10-20 yuan/ton, while the price of cement in eastern Hubei went down slightly.

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According to the data center of China Cement Market, the cement market in southwest China is weak. Leading enterprises in Chongqing raised the price of cement by 50 yuan/ton last week, but the current market demand recovery is not good, the actual transaction price has not increased significantly, the specific situation remains to be further tracked and confirmed.

2025-02-21 17:31:38

China Cement Network Market Data Center News: The slow recovery of the concrete market in the southwest region, the price is weakening.

2025-02-21 17:28:34

On the 20th, some major manufacturers in Guizhou began to notify the increase of cement prices of various varieties by about 60 yuan/ton, and the specific implementation remains to be observed..

2025-02-20 13:15:47

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2025-02-16 23:15:36

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in the main city of Chongqing and the west of Chongqing in the southwest region has recovered by 50 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed; the cement market in the southwest region is weak.

2025-02-14 17:21:13

According to the data center of China Cement Market, the cement market in southwest China is weak. In January, Chongqing continued to implement the policy of peak staggering and kiln shutdown for 25 days, which led to a decline in the inventory of enterprises in the region. Recently, some clinker production lines in Yunnan have been stopped at off-peak, and near the end of the year, leading enterprises intend to stabilize prices, and there is no significant change in the quotation of leading enterprises in many places in the week.

2025-01-03 17:36:40

Looking forward to 2025, we believe that the demand for cement will continue to decline under the background that the real estate has not yet stabilized and the infrastructure is limited, but the industry's awareness of "anti-involution" will continue to increase, coupled with the current good start, it is expected that the average price of cement will rise slightly, and the industry's profits will be restored to a certain extent.

2024-12-31 16:06:01

From the sharp decline in production to the fierce competition in the market, from the imbalance between supply and demand to the continuous shrinkage of benefits, every event has a profound impact on the future direction of the industry. Let's use these key words to review the cement industry in 2024. They not only record the hard journey of the industry, but also indicate the dawn of future development.

2024-12-31 09:15:34

Near the end of the year, the domestic concrete market demand continued to weaken, the cost support declined compared with the previous period, and the price of concrete in many places declined steadily. From December 19 to December 25, the national concrete price index closed at 111.39 points, down 0.80% annually and 10.97% year-on-year.

2024-12-27 17:40:19

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the southwest regions of Sichuan and Yunnan are running weakly; the cement market in Chongqing is weak and stable, and the attempt to push up has not caused price fluctuations; Recently, the price of cement in some areas of Guizhou has been slightly loosened, the overall market is mainly weak, and the demand is still poor, only about 2-3% of the normal level. At present, most of the clinker lines in the province are basically in a state of shutdown, and the inventory is high.

2024-12-27 17:13:46

Under the influence of low temperature weather, the market demand in Jiangsu and Shanghai is not ideal, and concrete shipments have declined compared with the previous period. In addition, the price of local raw material cement and sand has fallen, and the concrete market is weak and stable. The weather in Zhejiang is mostly fine, the demand has not changed significantly compared with last week, and the overall price is temporarily stable in the week. Affected by the cold weather and weak demand in Anhui, the price of raw materials has declined, and the price of concrete has also remained weak and stable.

2024-12-23 11:35:18

Off-season construction conditions are gradually weakening, concrete market demand is weak, and enterprise quotations are mainly stable, with a slight decline in some areas. From December 12 to December 18, the national concrete price index closed at 112.29 points, down 0.03% annually and 10.35% year-on-year.

2024-12-22 20:17:53

According to the information from China Cement Market Data Center, the price of cement in many places of Sichuan in the southwest region declined slightly; the price of cement in the main urban area of Chongqing continued to rise by 50 yuan/ton after falling; the price of cement in Kunming area of Yunnan continued to rise by 50 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-12-20 17:56:57

With the decline of temperature, the demand of concrete market in most regions of the country has further weakened, and enterprises mainly focus on stabilizing prices. From December 5 to December 11, the national concrete price index closed at 112.32 points, with a stable ring-to-ring ratio and a year-on-year decline of 10.24%.

2024-12-15 11:02:18

According to the China Cement Market Data Center, the southwest region of Sichuan is mixed; the demand performance in Chongqing is not good; the cement price in Kunming, Yunnan is pushed up by 50 yuan/ton, and the implementation remains to be observed.

2024-12-13 18:22:00

Recently, the Hubei Provincial Economic and Credit Office issued the Announcement on the List of Cement Clinker Production Lines and Enterprises with Production Time Calculated by 330 Days and 270 Days, which shows that the annual production days of the 4500t/d new dry cement clinker production line (second line) of Huaxin Cement (Daye) Co., Ltd. are 330 days, and the annual production days of the second line of Huaxin Cement (Daye) Co., Ltd. It is also the only clinker line in Hubei Province whose annual production days are calculated according to 330 days.